title-14-part-1-sec1-2

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)

§ 1.2

True airspeed means the airspeed of

an aircraft relative to undisturbed air.
True airspeed is equal to equivalent
airspeed multiplied by (

)

⁄

Type:
(1) As used with respect to the cer-

tification, ratings, privileges, and limi-
tations of airmen, means a specific
make and basic model of aircraft, in-
cluding modifications thereto that do
not change its handling or flight char-
acteristics. Examples include: DC–7,
1049, and F–27; and

(2) As used with respect to the cer-

tification of aircraft, means those air-
craft which are similar in design. Ex-
amples include: DC–7 and DC–7C; 1049G
and 1049H; and F–27 and F–27F.

(3) As used with respect to the cer-

tification of aircraft engines means
those engines which are similar in de-
sign. For example, JT8D and JT8D–7
are engines of the same type, and
JT9D–3A and JT9D–7 are engines of the
same type.

United States, in a geographical sense,

means (1) the States, the District of
Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the posses-
sions, including the territorial waters,
and (2) the airspace of those areas.

United States air carrier means a cit-

izen of the United States who under-
takes directly by lease, or other ar-
rangement, to engage in air transpor-
tation.

Unmanned aircraft means an aircraft

operated without the possibility of di-
rect human intervention from within
or on the aircraft.

Unmanned aircraft system means an

unmanned aircraft and its associated
elements (including communication
links and the components that control
the unmanned aircraft) that are re-
quired for the safe and efficient oper-
ation of the unmanned aircraft in the
airspace of the United States.

VFR over-the-top, with respect to the

operation of aircraft, means the oper-
ation of an aircraft over-the-top under
VFR when it is not being operated on
an IFR flight plan.

Warning area. A warning area is air-

space of defined dimensions, extending
from 3 nautical miles outward from the
coast of the United States, that con-
tains activity that may be hazardous
to nonparticipating aircraft. The pur-
pose of such warning areas is to warn

nonparticipating pilots of the potential
danger. A warning area may be located
over domestic or international waters
or both.

Weight-shift-control aircraft means a

powered aircraft with a framed piv-
oting wing and a fuselage controllable
only in pitch and roll by the pilot’s
ability to change the aircraft’s center
of gravity with respect to the wing.
Flight control of the aircraft depends
on the wing’s ability to flexibly deform
rather than the use of control surfaces.

Winglet or tip fin means an out-of-

plane surface extending from a lifting
surface. The surface may or may not
have control surfaces.

[Doc. No. 1150, 27 FR 4588, May 15, 1962]

DITORIAL

OTE

: For F

EDERAL

EGISTER

ci-

tations affecting § 1.1, see the List of CFR
Sections Affected, which appears in the
Finding Aids section of the printed volume
and at

www.govinfo.gov.

§ 1.2

Abbreviations and symbols.

In Subchapters A through K of this

chapter:

AFM means airplane flight manual.
AGL means above ground level.
ALS means approach light system.
APU means auxiliary power unit.
ASR

means airport surveillance

radar.

ATC means air traffic control.
ATS means Air Traffic Service.
CAMP means continuous airworthi-

ness maintenance program.

CAS means calibrated airspeed.
CAT II means Category II.
CMP means configuration, mainte-

nance, and procedures.

DH means decision height.
DME

means distance measuring

equipment compatible with TACAN.

EAS means equivalent airspeed.
EFVS means enhanced flight vision

system.

Equi-Time Point means a point on the

route of flight where the flight time,
considering wind, to each of two se-
lected airports is equal.

ETOPS means extended operations.
EWIS, as defined by § 25.1701 of this

chapter, means electrical wiring inter-
connection system.

FAA means Federal Aviation Admin-

istration.

FFS means full flight simulator.
FM means fan marker.

VerDate Sep<11>2014

09:06 Jun 28, 2024

Jkt 262046

PO 00000

Frm 00028

Fmt 8010

Sfmt 8010

Y:\SGML\262046.XXX

262046

jspears on DSK121TN23PROD with CFR

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT

§ 1.2

FSTD means flight simulation train-

ing device.

FTD means flight training device.
GS means glide slope.
HIRL means high-intensity runway

light system.

IAS means indicated airspeed.
ICAO means International Civil Avia-

tion Organization.

IFR means instrument flight rules.
IFSD means in-flight shutdown.
ILS means instrument landing sys-

tem.

IM means ILS inner marker.
INT means intersection.
LDA means localizer-type directional

aid.

LFR

means low-frequency radio

range.

LMM means compass locator at mid-

dle marker.

LOC means ILS localizer.
LOM means compass locator at outer

marker.

M means mach number.
MAA means maximum authorized

IFR altitude.

MALS means medium intensity ap-

proach light system.

MALSR means medium intensity ap-

proach light system with runway align-
ment indicator lights.

MCA means minimum crossing alti-

tude.

MDA means minimum descent alti-

tude.

MEA means minimum en route IFR

altitude.

MEL means minimum equipment

list.

MM means ILS middle marker.
MOCA means minimum obstruction

clearance altitude.

MRA means minimum reception alti-

tude.

MSL means mean sea level.
NDB (ADF) means nondirectional

beacon (automatic direction finder).

NM means nautical mile.
NOPAC means North Pacific area of

operation.

NOPT means no procedure turn re-

quired.

OEI means one engine inoperative.
OM means ILS outer marker.
OPSPECS means operations specifica-

tions.

PACOTS means Pacific Organized

Track System.

PAR means precision approach radar.
PMA means parts manufacturer ap-

proval.

POC means portable oxygen concen-

trator.

PTRS means Performance Tracking

and Reporting System.

RAIL means runway alignment indi-

cator light system.

RBN means radio beacon.
RCLM

means runway centerline

marking.

RCLS means runway centerline light

system.

REIL means runway end identifica-

tion lights.

RFFS means rescue and firefighting

services.

RNAV means area navigation.
RR means low or medium frequency

radio range station.

RVR means runway visual range as

measured in the touchdown zone area.

SALS means short approach light sys-

tem.

SATCOM means satellite communica-

tions.

SSALS means simplified short ap-

proach light system.

SSALSR means simplified short ap-

proach light system with runway align-
ment indicator lights.

TACAN means ultra-high frequency

tactical air navigational aid.

TAS means true airspeed.
TCAS means a traffic alert and colli-

sion avoidance system.

TDZL means touchdown zone lights.
TSO means technical standard order.
TVOR means very high frequency ter-

minal omnirange station.

means design maneuvering

speed.

means design speed for maximum

gust intensity.

means design cruising speed.

means design diving speed.

means demonstrated flight

diving speed.

means the speed at which the

critical engine is assumed to fail dur-
ing takeoff.

means design flap speed.

means maximum speed for

stability characteristics.

means maximum flap extended

speed.

FTO

means final takeoff speed.

VerDate Sep<11>2014

09:06 Jun 28, 2024

Jkt 262046

PO 00000

Frm 00029

Fmt 8010

Sfmt 8010

Y:\SGML\262046.XXX

262046

jspears on DSK121TN23PROD with CFR

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)

§ 1.3

means maximum speed in level

flight with maximum continuous
power.

means maximum landing gear

extended speed.

means maximum landing gear

operating speed.

LOF

means lift-off speed.

means minimum control speed

with the critical engine inoperative.

means maximum operating

limit speed.

means minimum unstick speed.

means never-exceed speed.

means maximum structural

cruising speed.

means rotation speed.

REF

means reference landing speed.

means the stalling speed or the

minimum steady flight speed at which
the airplane is controllable.

means the stalling speed or the

minimum steady flight speed in the
landing configuration.

means the stalling speed or the

minimum steady flight speed obtained
in a specific configuration.

means reference stall speed.

SRO

means reference stall speed in

the landing configuration.

SR1

means reference stall speed in a

specific configuration.

means speed at which onset of

natural or artificial stall warning oc-
curs.

TOSS

means takeoff safety speed for

Category A rotorcraft.

means speed for best angle of

climb.

means speed for best rate of

climb.

means the maximum speed in the

takeoff at which the pilot must take
the first action (e.g., apply brakes, re-
duce thrust, deploy speed brakes) to
stop the airplane within the accelerate-
stop distance. V

also means the min-

imum speed in the takeoff, following a
failure of the critical engine at V

, at

which the pilot can continue the take-
off and achieve the required height
above the takeoff surface within the
takeoff distance.

means takeoff safety speed.

2min

means minimum takeoff safety

speed.

VFR

means visual flight rules.

VGSI means visual glide slope indi-

cator.

VHF

means very high frequency.

VOR

means very high frequency om-

nirange station.

VORTAC

means collocated VOR and

TACAN.

[Doc. No. 1150, 27 FR 4590, May 15, 1962]

DITORIAL

OTE

: For F

EDERAL

EGISTER

ci-

tations affecting § 1.2, see the List of CFR
Sections Affected, which appears in the
Finding Aids section of the printed volume
and at

www.govinfo.gov.

§ 1.3

Rules of construction.

(a) In Subchapters A through K of

this chapter, unless the context re-
quires otherwise:

(1) Words importing the singular in-

clude the plural;

(2) Words importing the plural in-

clude the singular; and

(3) Words importing the masculine

gender include the feminine.

(b) In Subchapters A through K of

this chapter, the word:

(1)

Shall is used in an imperative

sense;

(2)

May is used in a permissive sense

to state authority or permission to do
the act prescribed, and the words ‘‘no
person may * * *’’ or ‘‘a person may
not * * *’’ mean that no person is re-
quired, authorized, or permitted to do
the act prescribed; and

(3)

Includes means ‘‘includes but is

not limited to’’.

[Doc. No. 1150, 27 FR 4590, May 15, 1962, as
amended by Amdt. 1–10, 31 FR 5055, Mar. 29,
1966]

PART 3—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Subpart A—General Requirements Con-

cerning Type Certificated Products or
Products, Parts, Appliances, or Mate-
rials That May Be Used on Type-Certifi-
cated Products

Sec.
3.1

Applicability.

3.5

Statements about products, parts, appli-

ances and materials.

Subpart B—Security Threat Disqualification

3.200

Effect of Transportation Security Ad-

ministration notification on a certificate
or any part of a certificate held by an in-
dividual.

3.205

Effect of Transportation Security Ad-

ministration notification on applications

VerDate Sep<11>2014

09:06 Jun 28, 2024

Jkt 262046

PO 00000

Frm 00030

Fmt 8010

Sfmt 8010

Y:\SGML\262046.XXX

262046

jspears on DSK121TN23PROD with CFR