89
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
§ 121.125
suitable navigation aids are available
to navigate the airplane along the
route within the degree of accuracy re-
quired for ATC. Navigation aids re-
quired for routes outside of controlled
airspace are listed in the certificate
holder’s operations specifications ex-
cept for those aids required for routes
to alternate airports.
(b) Navigation aids are not required
for any of the following operations—
(1) Day VFR operations that the cer-
tificate holder shows can be conducted
safely by pilotage because of the char-
acteristics of the terrain;
(2) Night VFR operations on routes
that the certificate holder shows have
reliably lighted landmarks adequate
for safe operation; and
(3) Other operations approved by the
responsible Flight Standards office.
[Doc. No. FAA–2002–14002, 72 FR 31681, June 7,
2007, as amended by Docket FAA–2018–0119,
Amdt. 121–380, 83 FR 9173, Mar. 5, 2018]
§ 121.122 Communications facilities—
supplemental operations.
(a) Each certificate holder con-
ducting supplemental operations other
than all-cargo operations in an air-
plane with more than two engines must
show that a two-way radio communica-
tion system or other means of commu-
nication approved by the FAA is avail-
able. It must ensure reliable and rapid
communications under normal oper-
ating conditions over the entire route
(either direct or via approved point-to-
point circuits) between each airplane
and the certificate holder, and between
each airplane and the appropriate air
traffic services, except as specified in
§ 121.351(c).
(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(d) of this section, each certificate
holder conducting supplemental oper-
ations other than all-cargo operations
in an airplane with more than two en-
gines must provide voice communica-
tions for ETOPS where voice commu-
nication facilities are available. In de-
termining whether facilities are avail-
able, the certificate holder must con-
sider potential routes and altitudes
needed for diversion to ETOPS Alter-
nate Airports. Where facilities are not
available or are of such poor quality
that voice communication is not pos-
sible, another communication system
must be substituted.
(c) Except as provided in paragraph
(d) of this section, for ETOPS beyond
180 minutes each certificate holder
conducting supplemental operations
other than all-cargo operations in an
airplane with more than two engines
must have a second communication
system in addition to that required by
paragraph (b) of this section. That sys-
tem must be able to provide immediate
satellite-based voice communications
of landline telephone-fidelity. The sys-
tem must provide communication ca-
pabilities between the flight crew and
air traffic services and the flight crew
and the certificate holder. In deter-
mining whether such communications
are available, the certificate holder
must consider potential routes and al-
titudes needed for diversion to ETOPS
Alternate Airports. Where immediate,
satellite-based voice communications
are not available, or are of such poor
quality that voice communication is
not possible, another communication
system must be substituted.
(d) Operators of turbine engine pow-
ered airplanes do not need to meet the
requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c)
of this section until February 15, 2008.
[Doc. No. FAA–2002–6717, 72 FR 1879, Jan. 16,
2007]
§ 121.123 Servicing maintenance facili-
ties.
Each certificate holder conducting
supplemental operations must show
that competent personnel and adequate
facilities and equipment (including
spare parts, supplies, and materials)
are available for the proper servicing,
maintenance, and preventive mainte-
nance of aircraft and auxiliary equip-
ment.
[Doc. No. 28154, 61 FR 2611, Jan. 26, 1996]
§ 121.125 Flight following system.
(a) Each certificate holder con-
ducting supplemental operations must
show that it has—
(1) An approved flight following sys-
tem established in accordance with
subpart U of this part and adequate for
the proper monitoring of each flight,
considering the operations to be con-
ducted; and
90
14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)
§ 121.127
(2) Flight following centers located
at those points necessary—
(i) To ensure the proper monitoring
of the progress of each flight with re-
spect to its departure at the point of
origin and arrival at its destination,
including intermediate stops and diver-
sions therefrom, and maintenance or
mechanical delays encountered at
those points or stops; and
(ii) To ensure that the pilot in com-
mand is provided with all information
necessary for the safety of the flight.
(b) A certificate holder conducting
supplemental operations may arrange
to have flight following facilities pro-
vided by persons other than its employ-
ees, but in such a case the certificate
holder continues to be primarily re-
sponsible for operational control of
each flight.
(c) A flight following system need not
provide for in-flight monitoring by a
flight following center.
(d) The certificate holder’s oper-
ations specifications specify the flight
following system it is authorized to use
and the location of the centers.
[Doc. No. 6258, 29 FR 19195, Dec. 31, 1964, as
amended by Amdt. 121–253, 61 FR 2611, Jan.
26, 1996]
§ 121.127 Flight following system; re-
quirements.
(a) Each certificate holder con-
ducting supplemental operations using
a flight following system must show
that—
(1) The system has adequate facilities
and personnel to provide the informa-
tion necessary for the initiation and
safe conduct of each flight to—
(i) The flight crew of each aircraft;
and
(ii) The persons designated by the
certificate holder to perform the func-
tion of operational control of the air-
craft; and
(2) The system has a means of com-
munication by private or available
public facilities (such as telephone,
telegraph, or radio) to monitor the
progress of each flight with respect to
its departure at the point of origin and
arrival at its destination, including in-
termediate stops and diversions there-
from, and maintenance or mechanical
delays encountered at those points or
stops.
(b) The certificate holder conducting
supplemental operations must show
that the personnel specified in para-
graph (a) of this section, and those it
designates to perform the function of
operational control of the aircraft, are
able to perform their required duties.
[Doc. No. 6258, 29 FR 19195, Dec. 31, 1964, as
amended by Amdt. 121–253, 61 FR 2611, Jan.
26, 1996]
Subpart G—Manual Requirements
§ 121.131 Applicability.
This subpart prescribes requirements
for preparing and maintaining manuals
by all certificate holders.
[Doc. No. 6258, 29 FR 19196, Dec. 31, 1964]
§ 121.133 Preparation.
(a) Each certificate holder shall pre-
pare and keep current a manual for the
use and guidance of flight, ground oper-
ations, and management personnel in
conducting its operations.
(b) For the purpose of this subpart,
the certificate holder may prepare that
part of the manual containing mainte-
nance information and instructions, in
whole or in part, in printed form or
other form acceptable to the Adminis-
trator.
[Doc. No. 28154, 60 FR 65926, Dec. 20, 1995]
§ 121.135 Manual contents.
(a) Each manual accessed in paper
format must display the date of last re-
vision on each page. Each manual
accessed in electronic format must dis-
play the date of last revision in a man-
ner in which a person can immediately
ascertain it. Each manual required by
§ 121.133 must:
(1) Include instructions and informa-
tion necessary to allow the personnel
concerned to perform their duties and
responsibilities with a high degree of
safety;
(2) Be in a form that is easy to revise
and;
(3) Not be contrary to any applicable
Federal regulation and, in the case of a
flag or supplemental operation, any ap-
plicable foreign regulation, or the cer-
tificate holder’s operations specifica-
tions or operating certificate.