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103 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 121.195 

cruising power) from an airport that 
meets the requirements of § 121.197. 

(2) Its weight, according to the two- 

engine-inoperative, en route, net flight 
path data in the Airplane Flight Man-
ual, allows the airplane to fly from the 
point where the two engines are as-
sumed to fail simultaneously to an air-
port that meets the requirements of 
§ 121.197, with a net flight path (consid-
ering the ambient temperatures antici-
pated along the track) having a posi-
tive slope at an altitude of at least 
1,000 feet above all terrain and obstruc-
tions within 5 miles on each side of the 
intended track, or at an altitude of 
2,000 feet, whichever is higher. 

For the purposes of paragraph (b)(2) of 
this section, it is assumed that the two 
engines fail at the most critical point 
en route, that the airplane’s weight at 
the point where the engines fail in-
cludes enough fuel to continue to the 
airport, to arrive at an altitude of at 
least 1,500 feet directly over the air-
port, and thereafter to fly for 15 min-
utes at cruise power or thrust, or both, 
and that the consumption of fuel and 
oil after engine failure is the same as 
the consumption allowed for in the net 
flight path data in the Airplane Flight 
Manual. 

(c) 

Aircraft certificated after August 29, 

1959 

(SR 422B). No person may operate 

a turbine engine powered airplane 
along an intended route unless he com-
plies with either of the following: 

(1) There is no place along the in-

tended track that is more than 90 min-
utes (with all engines operating at 
cruising power) from an airport that 
meets the requirements of § 121.197. 

(2) Its weight, according to the two- 

engine inoperative, en route, net flight 
path data in the Airplane Flight Man-
ual, allows the airplane to fly from the 
point where the two engines are as-
sumed to fail simultaneously to an air-
port that meets the requirements of 
§ 121.197, with the net flight path (con-
sidering the ambient temperatures an-
ticipated along the track) clearing 
vertically by at least 2,000 feet all ter-
rain and obstructions within five stat-
ute miles (4.34 nautical miles) on each 
side of the intended track. For the pur-
poses of this subparagraph, it is as-
sumed that— 

(i) The two engines fail at the most 

critical point en route; 

(ii) The net flight path has a positive 

slope at 1,500 feet above the airport 
where the landing is assumed to be 
made after the engines fail; 

(iii) Fuel jettisoning will be approved 

if the certificate holder shows that the 
crew is properly instructed, that the 
training program is adequate, and that 
all other precautions are taken to en-
sure a safe procedure; 

(iv) The airplane’s weight at the 

point where the two engines are as-
sumed to fail provides enough fuel to 
continue to the airport, to arrive at an 
altitude of at least 1,500 feet directly 
over the airport, and thereafter to fly 
for 15 minutes at cruise power or 
thrust, or both; and 

(v) The consumption of fuel and oil 

after the engine failure is the same as 
the consumption that is allowed for in 
the net flight path data in the Airplane 
Flight Manual. 

§ 121.195 Airplanes: Turbine engine 

powered: Landing limitations: Des-
tination airports. 

(a) No person operating a turbine en-

gine powered airplane may take off 
that airplane at such a weight that (al-
lowing for normal consumption of fuel 
and oil in flight to the destination or 
alternate airport) the weight of the air-
plane on arrival would exceed the land-
ing weight set forth in the Airplane 
Flight Manual for the elevation of the 
destination or alternate airport and 
the ambient temperature anticipated 
at the time of landing. 

(b) Except as provided in paragraph 

(c), (d), or (e) of this section, no person 
operating a turbine engine powered air-
plane may take off that airplane unless 
its weight on arrival, allowing for nor-
mal consumption of fuel and oil in 
flight (in accordance with the landing 
distance set forth in the Airplane 
Flight Manual for the elevation of the 
destination airport and the wind condi-
tions anticipated there at the time of 
landing), would allow a full stop land-
ing at the intended destination airport 
within 60 percent of the effective 
length of each runway described below 
from a point 50 feet above the intersec-
tion of the obstruction clearance plane 

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104 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 121.197 

and the runway. For the purpose of de-
termining the allowable landing weight 
at the destination airport the following 
is assumed: 

(1) The airplane is landed on the most 

favorable runway and in the most fa-
vorable direction, in still air. 

(2) The airplane is landed on the most 

suitable runway considering the prob-
able wind velocity and direction and 
the ground handling characteristics of 
the airplane, and considering other 
conditions such as landing aids and ter-
rain. 

(c) A turbopropeller powered airplane 

that would be prohibited from being 
taken off because it could not meet the 
requirements of paragraph (b)(2) of this 
section, may be taken off if an alter-
nate airport is specified that meets all 
the requirements of this section except 
that the airplane can accomplish a full 
stop landing within 70 percent of the 
effective length of the runway. 

(d) Unless, based on a showing of ac-

tual operating landing techniques on 
wet runways, a shorter landing dis-
tance (but never less than that re-
quired by paragraph (b) of this section) 
has been approved for a specific type 
and model airplane and included in the 
Airplane Flight Manual, no person may 
takeoff a turbojet powered airplane 
when the appropriate weather reports 
and forecasts, or a combination there-
of, indicate that the runways at the 
destination airport may be wet or slip-
pery at the estimated time of arrival 
unless the effective runway length at 
the destination airport is at least 115 
percent of the runway length required 
under paragraph (b) of this section. 

(e) A turbojet powered airplane that 

would be prohibited from being taken 
off because it could not meet the re-
quirements of paragraph (b)(2) of this 
section may be taken off if an alter-
nate airport is specified that meets all 
the requirements of paragraph (b) of 
this section. 

[Doc. No. 6258, 29 FR 19198, Dec. 31, 1964, as 
amended by Amdt. 121–9, 30 FR 8572, July 7, 
1965] 

§ 121.197 Airplanes: Turbine engine 

powered: Landing limitations: Al-

ternate airports. 

No person may list an airport as an 

alternate airport in a dispatch or flight 

release for a turbine engine powered 
airplane unless (based on the assump-
tions in § 121.195 (b)) that airplane at 
the weight anticipated at the time of 
arrival can be brought to a full stop 
landing within 70 percent of the effec-
tive length of the runway for turbo-
propeller powered airplanes and 60 per-
cent of the effective length of the run-
way for turbojet powered airplanes, 
from a point 50 feet above the intersec-
tion of the obstruction clearance plane 
and the runway. In the case of an alter-
nate airport for departure, as provided 
in § 121.617, allowance may be made for 
fuel jettisoning in addition to normal 
consumption of fuel and oil when deter-
mining the weight anticipated at the 
time of arrival. 

[Doc. No. 6258, 29 FR 19198, Dec. 31, 1964, as 
amended by Amdt. 121–9, 30 FR 8572, July 7, 
1965; Amdt. 121–179, 47 FR 33390, Aug. 2, 1982] 

§ 121.198 Cargo service airplanes: In-

creased zero fuel and landing 

weights. 

(a) Notwithstanding the applicable 

structural provisions of the airworthi-
ness regulations but subject to para-
graphs (b) through (g) of this section, a 
certificate holder may operate (for 
cargo service only) any of the following 
airplanes (certificated under part 4b of 
the Civil Air Regulations effective be-
fore March 13, 1956) at increased zero 
fuel and landing weights— 

(1) DC–6A, DC–6B, DC–7B, and DC–7C; 

and 

(2) L1049B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, and 

the L1649A when modified in accord-
ance with supplemental type certifi-
cate SA 4–1402. 

(b) The zero fuel weight (maximum 

weight of the airplane with no dispos-
able fuel and oil) and the structural 
landing weight may be increased be-
yond the maximum approved in full 
compliance with applicable regulations 
only if the Administrator finds that— 

(1) The increase is not likely to re-

duce seriously the structural strength; 

(2) The probability of sudden fatigue 

failure is not noticeably increased; 

(3) The flutter, deformation, and vi-

bration characteristics do not fall 
below those required by applicable reg-
ulations; and 

(4) All other applicable weight limi-

tations will be met.