103
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
§ 121.195
cruising power) from an airport that
meets the requirements of § 121.197.
(2) Its weight, according to the two-
engine-inoperative, en route, net flight
path data in the Airplane Flight Man-
ual, allows the airplane to fly from the
point where the two engines are as-
sumed to fail simultaneously to an air-
port that meets the requirements of
§ 121.197, with a net flight path (consid-
ering the ambient temperatures antici-
pated along the track) having a posi-
tive slope at an altitude of at least
1,000 feet above all terrain and obstruc-
tions within 5 miles on each side of the
intended track, or at an altitude of
2,000 feet, whichever is higher.
For the purposes of paragraph (b)(2) of
this section, it is assumed that the two
engines fail at the most critical point
en route, that the airplane’s weight at
the point where the engines fail in-
cludes enough fuel to continue to the
airport, to arrive at an altitude of at
least 1,500 feet directly over the air-
port, and thereafter to fly for 15 min-
utes at cruise power or thrust, or both,
and that the consumption of fuel and
oil after engine failure is the same as
the consumption allowed for in the net
flight path data in the Airplane Flight
Manual.
(c)
Aircraft certificated after August 29,
1959
(SR 422B). No person may operate
a turbine engine powered airplane
along an intended route unless he com-
plies with either of the following:
(1) There is no place along the in-
tended track that is more than 90 min-
utes (with all engines operating at
cruising power) from an airport that
meets the requirements of § 121.197.
(2) Its weight, according to the two-
engine inoperative, en route, net flight
path data in the Airplane Flight Man-
ual, allows the airplane to fly from the
point where the two engines are as-
sumed to fail simultaneously to an air-
port that meets the requirements of
§ 121.197, with the net flight path (con-
sidering the ambient temperatures an-
ticipated along the track) clearing
vertically by at least 2,000 feet all ter-
rain and obstructions within five stat-
ute miles (4.34 nautical miles) on each
side of the intended track. For the pur-
poses of this subparagraph, it is as-
sumed that—
(i) The two engines fail at the most
critical point en route;
(ii) The net flight path has a positive
slope at 1,500 feet above the airport
where the landing is assumed to be
made after the engines fail;
(iii) Fuel jettisoning will be approved
if the certificate holder shows that the
crew is properly instructed, that the
training program is adequate, and that
all other precautions are taken to en-
sure a safe procedure;
(iv) The airplane’s weight at the
point where the two engines are as-
sumed to fail provides enough fuel to
continue to the airport, to arrive at an
altitude of at least 1,500 feet directly
over the airport, and thereafter to fly
for 15 minutes at cruise power or
thrust, or both; and
(v) The consumption of fuel and oil
after the engine failure is the same as
the consumption that is allowed for in
the net flight path data in the Airplane
Flight Manual.
§ 121.195 Airplanes: Turbine engine
powered: Landing limitations: Des-
tination airports.
(a) No person operating a turbine en-
gine powered airplane may take off
that airplane at such a weight that (al-
lowing for normal consumption of fuel
and oil in flight to the destination or
alternate airport) the weight of the air-
plane on arrival would exceed the land-
ing weight set forth in the Airplane
Flight Manual for the elevation of the
destination or alternate airport and
the ambient temperature anticipated
at the time of landing.
(b) Except as provided in paragraph
(c), (d), or (e) of this section, no person
operating a turbine engine powered air-
plane may take off that airplane unless
its weight on arrival, allowing for nor-
mal consumption of fuel and oil in
flight (in accordance with the landing
distance set forth in the Airplane
Flight Manual for the elevation of the
destination airport and the wind condi-
tions anticipated there at the time of
landing), would allow a full stop land-
ing at the intended destination airport
within 60 percent of the effective
length of each runway described below
from a point 50 feet above the intersec-
tion of the obstruction clearance plane
104
14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)
§ 121.197
and the runway. For the purpose of de-
termining the allowable landing weight
at the destination airport the following
is assumed:
(1) The airplane is landed on the most
favorable runway and in the most fa-
vorable direction, in still air.
(2) The airplane is landed on the most
suitable runway considering the prob-
able wind velocity and direction and
the ground handling characteristics of
the airplane, and considering other
conditions such as landing aids and ter-
rain.
(c) A turbopropeller powered airplane
that would be prohibited from being
taken off because it could not meet the
requirements of paragraph (b)(2) of this
section, may be taken off if an alter-
nate airport is specified that meets all
the requirements of this section except
that the airplane can accomplish a full
stop landing within 70 percent of the
effective length of the runway.
(d) Unless, based on a showing of ac-
tual operating landing techniques on
wet runways, a shorter landing dis-
tance (but never less than that re-
quired by paragraph (b) of this section)
has been approved for a specific type
and model airplane and included in the
Airplane Flight Manual, no person may
takeoff a turbojet powered airplane
when the appropriate weather reports
and forecasts, or a combination there-
of, indicate that the runways at the
destination airport may be wet or slip-
pery at the estimated time of arrival
unless the effective runway length at
the destination airport is at least 115
percent of the runway length required
under paragraph (b) of this section.
(e) A turbojet powered airplane that
would be prohibited from being taken
off because it could not meet the re-
quirements of paragraph (b)(2) of this
section may be taken off if an alter-
nate airport is specified that meets all
the requirements of paragraph (b) of
this section.
[Doc. No. 6258, 29 FR 19198, Dec. 31, 1964, as
amended by Amdt. 121–9, 30 FR 8572, July 7,
1965]
§ 121.197 Airplanes: Turbine engine
powered: Landing limitations: Al-
ternate airports.
No person may list an airport as an
alternate airport in a dispatch or flight
release for a turbine engine powered
airplane unless (based on the assump-
tions in § 121.195 (b)) that airplane at
the weight anticipated at the time of
arrival can be brought to a full stop
landing within 70 percent of the effec-
tive length of the runway for turbo-
propeller powered airplanes and 60 per-
cent of the effective length of the run-
way for turbojet powered airplanes,
from a point 50 feet above the intersec-
tion of the obstruction clearance plane
and the runway. In the case of an alter-
nate airport for departure, as provided
in § 121.617, allowance may be made for
fuel jettisoning in addition to normal
consumption of fuel and oil when deter-
mining the weight anticipated at the
time of arrival.
[Doc. No. 6258, 29 FR 19198, Dec. 31, 1964, as
amended by Amdt. 121–9, 30 FR 8572, July 7,
1965; Amdt. 121–179, 47 FR 33390, Aug. 2, 1982]
§ 121.198 Cargo service airplanes: In-
creased zero fuel and landing
weights.
(a) Notwithstanding the applicable
structural provisions of the airworthi-
ness regulations but subject to para-
graphs (b) through (g) of this section, a
certificate holder may operate (for
cargo service only) any of the following
airplanes (certificated under part 4b of
the Civil Air Regulations effective be-
fore March 13, 1956) at increased zero
fuel and landing weights—
(1) DC–6A, DC–6B, DC–7B, and DC–7C;
and
(2) L1049B, C, D, E, F, G, and H, and
the L1649A when modified in accord-
ance with supplemental type certifi-
cate SA 4–1402.
(b) The zero fuel weight (maximum
weight of the airplane with no dispos-
able fuel and oil) and the structural
landing weight may be increased be-
yond the maximum approved in full
compliance with applicable regulations
only if the Administrator finds that—
(1) The increase is not likely to re-
duce seriously the structural strength;
(2) The probability of sudden fatigue
failure is not noticeably increased;
(3) The flutter, deformation, and vi-
bration characteristics do not fall
below those required by applicable reg-
ulations; and
(4) All other applicable weight limi-
tations will be met.