132
14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)
§ 121.323
of 10
°
C, unless the approved Airplane
Flight Manual provides another defini-
tion.
(a) When operating in conditions con-
ducive to airframe icing, compliance
must be shown with paragraph (a)(1),
or (2), or (3) of this section.
(1) The airplane must be equipped
with a certificated primary airframe
ice detection system.
(i) The airframe ice protection sys-
tem must be activated automatically,
or manually by the flightcrew, when
the primary ice detection system indi-
cates activation is necessary.
(ii) When the airframe ice protection
system is activated, any other proce-
dures in the Airplane Flight Manual
for operating in icing conditions must
be initiated.
(2) Visual cues of the first sign of ice
formation anywhere on the airplane
and a certificated advisory airframe ice
detection system must be provided.
(i) The airframe ice protection sys-
tem must be activated when any of the
visual cues are observed or when the
advisory airframe ice detection system
indicates activation is necessary,
whichever occurs first.
(ii) When the airframe ice protection
system is activated, any other proce-
dures in the Airplane Flight Manual
for operating in icing conditions must
be initiated.
(3) If the airplane is not equipped to
comply with the provisions of para-
graph (a)(1) or (2) of this section, then
the following apply:
(i) When operating in conditions con-
ducive to airframe icing, the airframe
ice protection system must be acti-
vated prior to, and operated during, the
following phases of flight:
(A) Takeoff climb after second seg-
ment,
(B) En route climb,
(C) Go-around climb,
(D) Holding,
(E) Maneuvering for approach and
landing, and
(F) Any other operation at approach
or holding airspeeds.
(ii) During any other phase of flight,
the airframe ice protection system
must be activated and operated at the
first sign of ice formation anywhere on
the airplane, unless the Airplane
Flight Manual specifies that the air-
frame ice protection system should not
be used or provides other operational
instructions.
(iii) Any additional procedures for
operation in conditions conducive to
icing specified in the Airplane Flight
Manual or in the manual required by
§ 121.133 must be initiated.
(b) If the procedures specified in
paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section are
specifically prohibited in the Airplane
Flight Manual, compliance must be
shown with the requirements of para-
graph (a)(1) or (2) of this section.
(c) Procedures necessary for safe op-
eration of the airframe ice protection
system must be established and docu-
mented in:
(1) The Airplane Flight Manual for
airplanes that comply with paragraph
(a)(1) or (2) of this section, or
(2) The Airplane Flight Manual or in
the manual required by § 121.133 for air-
planes that comply with paragraph
(a)(3) of this section.
(d) Procedures for operation of the
airframe ice protection system must
include initial activation, operation
after initial activation, and deactiva-
tion. Procedures for operation after
initial activation of the ice protection
system must address—
(1) Continuous operation,
(2) Automatic cycling,
(3) Manual cycling if the airplane is
equipped with an ice detection system
that alerts the flightcrew each time
the ice protection system must be cy-
cled, or
(4) Manual cycling based on a time
interval if the airplane type is not
equipped with features necessary to
implement (d)(1)–(3) of this section.
(e) System installations used to com-
ply with paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of
this section must be approved through
an amended or supplemental type cer-
tificate in accordance with part 21 of
this chapter.
[Doc. No. FAA–2009–0675, 78 FR 15876, Mar. 13,
2013]
§ 121.323 Instruments and equipment
for operations at night.
No person may operate an airplane at
night under this part unless it is
equipped with the following instru-
ments and equipment in addition to
133
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
§ 121.327
those required by §§ 121.305 through
121.321 and 121.803:
(a) Position lights.
(b) An anti-collision light.
(c) Two landing lights, except that
only one landing light is required for
nontransport category airplanes type
certificated after December 31, 1964.
(d) Instrument lights providing
enough light to make each required in-
strument, switch, or similar instru-
ment, easily readable and installed so
that the direct rays are shielded from
the flight crewmembers’ eyes and that
no objectionable reflections are visible
to them. There must be a means of con-
trolling the intensity of illumination
unless it is shown that nondimming in-
strument lights are satisfactory.
(e) An airspeed-indicating system
with heated pitot tube or equivalent
means for preventing malfunctioning
due to icing.
(f) A sensitive altimeter.
[Doc. No. 6258, 29 FR 19205, Dec. 31, 1964, as
amended by Amdt. 121–251, 60 FR 65932, Dec.
20, 1995; Amdt. 121–281, 66 FR 19043, Apr. 12,
2001]
§ 121.325 Instruments and equipment
for operations under IFR or over-
the-top.
No person may operate an airplane
under IFR or over-the-top conditions
under this part unless it is equipped
with the following instruments and
equipment, in addition to those re-
quired by §§ 121.305 through 121.321 and
121.803:
(a) An airspeed indicating system
with heated pitot tube or equivalent
means for preventing malfunctioning
due to icing.
(b) A sensitive altimeter.
(c) Instrument lights providing
enough light to make each required in-
strument, switch, or similar instru-
ment, easily readable and so installed
that the direct rays are shielded from
the flight crewmembers’ eyes and that
no objectionable reflections are visible
to them, and a means of controlling
the intensity of illumination unless it
is shown that nondimming instrument
lights are satisfactory.
[Doc. No. 6258, 29 FR 19205, Dec. 31, 1964, as
amended at Amdt. 121–281, 66 FR 19043, Apr.
12, 2001]
§ 121.327 Supplemental oxygen: Recip-
rocating engine powered airplanes.
(a)
General.
Except where supple-
mental oxygen is provided in accord-
ance with § 121.331, no person may oper-
ate an airplane unless supplemental ox-
ygen is furnished and used as set forth
in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this sec-
tion. The amount of supplemental oxy-
gen required for a particular operation
is determined on the basis of flight al-
titudes and flight duration, consistent
with the operation procedures estab-
lished for each operation and route.
(b)
Crewmembers.
(1) At cabin pressure
altitudes above 10,000 feet up to and in-
cluding 12,000 feet, oxygen must be pro-
vided for, and used by, each member of
the flight crew on flight deck duty, and
must be provided for other crew-
members, for that part of the flight at
those altitudes that is of more than 30
minutes duration.
(2) At cabin pressure altitudes above
12,000 feet, oxygen must be provided
for, and used by, each member of the
flight crew on flight deck duty, and
must be provided for other crew-
members, during the entire flight time
at those altitudes.
(3) When a flight crewmember is re-
quired to use oxygen, he must use it
continuously, except when necessary to
remove the oxygen mask or other dis-
penser in connection with his regular
duties. Standby crewmembers who are
on call or are definitely going to have
flight deck duty before completing the
flight must be provided with an
amount of supplemental oxygen equal
to that provided for crewmembers on
duty other than on flight deck duty. If
a standby crewmember is not on call
and will not be on flight deck duty dur-
ing the remainder of the flight, he is
considered to be a passenger for the
purposes of supplemental oxygen re-
quirements.
(c)
Passengers.
Each certificate holder
shall provide a supply of oxygen, ap-
proved for passenger safety, in accord-
ance with the following:
(1) For flights of more than 30 min-
utes duration at cabin pressure alti-
tudes above 8,000 feet up to and includ-
ing 14,000 feet, enough oxygen for 30
minutes for 10 percent of the pas-
sengers.