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132 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 121.323 

of 10 

°

C, unless the approved Airplane 

Flight Manual provides another defini-
tion. 

(a) When operating in conditions con-

ducive to airframe icing, compliance 
must be shown with paragraph (a)(1), 
or (2), or (3) of this section. 

(1) The airplane must be equipped 

with a certificated primary airframe 
ice detection system. 

(i) The airframe ice protection sys-

tem must be activated automatically, 
or manually by the flightcrew, when 
the primary ice detection system indi-
cates activation is necessary. 

(ii) When the airframe ice protection 

system is activated, any other proce-
dures in the Airplane Flight Manual 
for operating in icing conditions must 
be initiated. 

(2) Visual cues of the first sign of ice 

formation anywhere on the airplane 
and a certificated advisory airframe ice 
detection system must be provided. 

(i) The airframe ice protection sys-

tem must be activated when any of the 
visual cues are observed or when the 
advisory airframe ice detection system 
indicates activation is necessary, 
whichever occurs first. 

(ii) When the airframe ice protection 

system is activated, any other proce-
dures in the Airplane Flight Manual 
for operating in icing conditions must 
be initiated. 

(3) If the airplane is not equipped to 

comply with the provisions of para-
graph (a)(1) or (2) of this section, then 
the following apply: 

(i) When operating in conditions con-

ducive to airframe icing, the airframe 
ice protection system must be acti-
vated prior to, and operated during, the 
following phases of flight: 

(A) Takeoff climb after second seg-

ment, 

(B) En route climb, 
(C) Go-around climb, 
(D) Holding, 
(E) Maneuvering for approach and 

landing, and 

(F) Any other operation at approach 

or holding airspeeds. 

(ii) During any other phase of flight, 

the airframe ice protection system 
must be activated and operated at the 
first sign of ice formation anywhere on 
the airplane, unless the Airplane 
Flight Manual specifies that the air-

frame ice protection system should not 
be used or provides other operational 
instructions. 

(iii) Any additional procedures for 

operation in conditions conducive to 
icing specified in the Airplane Flight 
Manual or in the manual required by 
§ 121.133 must be initiated. 

(b) If the procedures specified in 

paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section are 
specifically prohibited in the Airplane 
Flight Manual, compliance must be 
shown with the requirements of para-
graph (a)(1) or (2) of this section. 

(c) Procedures necessary for safe op-

eration of the airframe ice protection 
system must be established and docu-
mented in: 

(1) The Airplane Flight Manual for 

airplanes that comply with paragraph 
(a)(1) or (2) of this section, or 

(2) The Airplane Flight Manual or in 

the manual required by § 121.133 for air-
planes that comply with paragraph 
(a)(3) of this section. 

(d) Procedures for operation of the 

airframe ice protection system must 
include initial activation, operation 
after initial activation, and deactiva-
tion. Procedures for operation after 
initial activation of the ice protection 
system must address— 

(1) Continuous operation, 
(2) Automatic cycling, 
(3) Manual cycling if the airplane is 

equipped with an ice detection system 
that alerts the flightcrew each time 
the ice protection system must be cy-
cled, or 

(4) Manual cycling based on a time 

interval if the airplane type is not 
equipped with features necessary to 
implement (d)(1)–(3) of this section. 

(e) System installations used to com-

ply with paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of 
this section must be approved through 
an amended or supplemental type cer-
tificate in accordance with part 21 of 
this chapter. 

[Doc. No. FAA–2009–0675, 78 FR 15876, Mar. 13, 
2013] 

§ 121.323 Instruments and equipment 

for operations at night. 

No person may operate an airplane at 

night under this part unless it is 
equipped with the following instru-
ments and equipment in addition to 

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133 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 121.327 

those required by §§ 121.305 through 
121.321 and 121.803: 

(a) Position lights. 
(b) An anti-collision light. 
(c) Two landing lights, except that 

only one landing light is required for 
nontransport category airplanes type 
certificated after December 31, 1964. 

(d) Instrument lights providing 

enough light to make each required in-
strument, switch, or similar instru-
ment, easily readable and installed so 
that the direct rays are shielded from 
the flight crewmembers’ eyes and that 
no objectionable reflections are visible 
to them. There must be a means of con-
trolling the intensity of illumination 
unless it is shown that nondimming in-
strument lights are satisfactory. 

(e) An airspeed-indicating system 

with heated pitot tube or equivalent 
means for preventing malfunctioning 
due to icing. 

(f) A sensitive altimeter. 

[Doc. No. 6258, 29 FR 19205, Dec. 31, 1964, as 
amended by Amdt. 121–251, 60 FR 65932, Dec. 
20, 1995; Amdt. 121–281, 66 FR 19043, Apr. 12, 
2001] 

§ 121.325 Instruments and equipment 

for operations under IFR or over- 

the-top. 

No person may operate an airplane 

under IFR or over-the-top conditions 
under this part unless it is equipped 
with the following instruments and 
equipment, in addition to those re-
quired by §§ 121.305 through 121.321 and 
121.803: 

(a) An airspeed indicating system 

with heated pitot tube or equivalent 
means for preventing malfunctioning 
due to icing. 

(b) A sensitive altimeter. 
(c) Instrument lights providing 

enough light to make each required in-
strument, switch, or similar instru-
ment, easily readable and so installed 
that the direct rays are shielded from 
the flight crewmembers’ eyes and that 
no objectionable reflections are visible 
to them, and a means of controlling 
the intensity of illumination unless it 
is shown that nondimming instrument 
lights are satisfactory. 

[Doc. No. 6258, 29 FR 19205, Dec. 31, 1964, as 
amended at Amdt. 121–281, 66 FR 19043, Apr. 
12, 2001] 

§ 121.327 Supplemental oxygen: Recip-

rocating engine powered airplanes. 

(a) 

General. 

Except where supple-

mental oxygen is provided in accord-
ance with § 121.331, no person may oper-
ate an airplane unless supplemental ox-
ygen is furnished and used as set forth 
in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this sec-
tion. The amount of supplemental oxy-
gen required for a particular operation 
is determined on the basis of flight al-
titudes and flight duration, consistent 
with the operation procedures estab-
lished for each operation and route. 

(b) 

Crewmembers. 

(1) At cabin pressure 

altitudes above 10,000 feet up to and in-
cluding 12,000 feet, oxygen must be pro-
vided for, and used by, each member of 
the flight crew on flight deck duty, and 
must be provided for other crew-
members, for that part of the flight at 
those altitudes that is of more than 30 
minutes duration. 

(2) At cabin pressure altitudes above 

12,000 feet, oxygen must be provided 
for, and used by, each member of the 
flight crew on flight deck duty, and 
must be provided for other crew-
members, during the entire flight time 
at those altitudes. 

(3) When a flight crewmember is re-

quired to use oxygen, he must use it 
continuously, except when necessary to 
remove the oxygen mask or other dis-
penser in connection with his regular 
duties. Standby crewmembers who are 
on call or are definitely going to have 
flight deck duty before completing the 
flight must be provided with an 
amount of supplemental oxygen equal 
to that provided for crewmembers on 
duty other than on flight deck duty. If 
a standby crewmember is not on call 
and will not be on flight deck duty dur-
ing the remainder of the flight, he is 
considered to be a passenger for the 
purposes of supplemental oxygen re-
quirements. 

(c) 

Passengers. 

Each certificate holder 

shall provide a supply of oxygen, ap-
proved for passenger safety, in accord-
ance with the following: 

(1) For flights of more than 30 min-

utes duration at cabin pressure alti-
tudes above 8,000 feet up to and includ-
ing 14,000 feet, enough oxygen for 30 
minutes for 10 percent of the pas-
sengers.