186 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 121.424 

(f) Compliance with this section is re-

quired no later than March 12, 2019. For 
the recurrent training required in para-
graph (d) of this section, each pilot 
qualified to serve as second in com-
mand or pilot in command in oper-
ations under this part on March 12, 2019 
must complete the recurrent extended 
envelope training within 12 calendar 
months after March 12, 2019. 

[Doc. No. FAA–2008–0677, 78 FR 67839, Nov. 12, 
2013; Amdt. 121–382, 85 FR 10923, Feb. 25, 2020] 

§ 121.424 Pilots: Initial, transition, con-

version, and upgrade flight train-

ing. 

(a) Initial, transition, and conversion 

flight training for pilots must include 
the following: 

(1) Flight training and practice in the 

maneuvers and procedures set forth in 
the certificate holder’s approved low- 
altitude windshear flight training pro-
gram and in appendix E to this part, as 
applicable; and 

(2) Extended envelope training set 

forth in § 121.423. 

(b) Beginning on April 27, 2022, in ad-

dition to the requirements in para-
graph (a) of this section, initial flight 
training for pilots in command must 
include sufficient scenario-based train-
ing incorporating CRM and leadership 
and command skills, to ensure the pi-
lot’s proficiency as pilot in command. 
The training required by this para-
graph may be completed inflight or in 
an FSTD. 

(c) The training required by para-

graph (a) of this section must be per-
formed inflight except— 

(1) That windshear maneuvers and 

procedures must be performed in an 
FFS in which the maneuvers and pro-
cedures are specifically authorized to 
be accomplished; 

(2) That the extended envelope train-

ing required by § 121.423 must be per-
formed in a Level C or higher full 
flight simulator unless the Adminis-
trator has issued to the certificate 
holder a deviation in accordance with 
§ 121.423(e); and 

(3) To the extent that certain other 

maneuvers and procedures may be per-
formed in an FFS, an FTD, or a static 
airplane as permitted in appendix E to 
this part. 

(d) Except as permitted in paragraph 

(e) of this section, the initial flight 
training required by paragraph (a)(1) of 
this section must include at least the 
following programmed hours of inflight 
training and practice unless reduced 
under § 121.405; 

(1) Group I airplanes— 
(i) 

Reciprocating powered. 

Pilot in 

command, 10 hours; second in com-
mand, 6 hours; and 

(ii) 

Turbopropeller powered. 

Pilot in 

command, 15 hours; second in com-
mand, 7 hours. 

(2) 

Group II airplanes. 

Pilot in com-

mand, 20 hours; second in command, 10 
hours. 

(e) If the certificate holder’s ap-

proved training program includes a 
course of training utilizing an FFS 
under § 121.409 (c) and (d) of this part, 
each pilot must successfully com-
plete— 

(1) With respect to § 121.409(c) of this 

part— 

(i) Training and practice in the FFS 

in at least all of the maneuvers and 
procedures set forth in appendix E of 
this part for initial flight training that 
are capable of being performed in an 
FFS; and 

(ii) A proficiency check in the FFS or 

the airplane to the level of proficiency 
of a pilot in command or second in 
command, as applicable, in at least the 
maneuvers and procedures set forth in 
appendix F of this part that are capa-
ble of being performed in an FFS. 

(2) With respect to § 121.409(d) of this 

part, training and practice in at least 
the maneuvers and procedures set forth 
in the certificate holder’s approved 
low-altitude windshear flight training 
program that are capable of being per-
formed in an FFS in which the maneu-
vers and procedures are specifically au-
thorized. 

(f) Compliance with paragraphs (a)(2) 

and (c)(2) of this section is required no 
later than March 12, 2019. 

(g) Before April 27, 2022, upgrade 

flight training must be provided in ac-
cordance with paragraphs (a), (c), (e), 
and (f), of this section or § 121.426. Be-
ginning on April 27, 2022, upgrade flight 

187 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 121.426 

training must be provided as specified 
in § 121.426. 

[Doc. No. 9509, 35 FR 90, Jan. 3, 1970, as 
amended by Amdt. 121–199, 53 FR 37697, Sept. 
27, 1988; Amdt. 121–366, 78 FR 67840, Nov. 12, 
2013; Amdt. 121–382, 85 FR 10923, Feb. 25, 2020; 
Amdt. 121–384, 85 FR 39070, June 30, 2020] 

§ 121.425 Flight engineers: Initial and 

transition flight training. 

(a) Initial and transition flight train-

ing for flight engineers must include at 
least the following: 

(1) Training and practice in proce-

dures related to the carrying out of 
flight engineer duties and functions. 
This training and practice may be ac-
complished either inflight or in an 
FSTD. 

(2) A flight check that includes— 
(i) Preflight inspection; 
(ii) Inflight performance of assigned 

duties accomplished from the flight en-
gineer station during taxi, runup, take-
off, climb, cruise, descent, approach, 
and landing; 

(iii) Accomplishment of other func-

tions, such as fuel management and 
preparation of fuel consumption 
records, and normal and emergency or 
alternate operation of all airplane 
flight systems, performed either 
inflight or in an FSTD. 

(b) Flight engineers possessing a 

commercial pilot certificate with an 
instrument, category and class rating, 
or pilots already qualified as second in 
command and reverting to flight engi-
neer, may complete the entire flight 
check, required by paragraph (a)(2) of 
this section, in an approved FFS. 

(c) Except as permitted in paragraph 

(d) of this section, the initial flight 
training required by paragraph (a) of 
this section must include at least the 
same number of programmed hours of 
flight training and practice that are 
specified for a second in command pilot 
under § 121.424(c) unless reduced under 
§ 121.405. 

(d) If the certificate holder’s ap-

proved training program includes a 
course of training utilizing an FSTD 
under § 121.409(c), each flight engineer 
must successfully complete in the 
FSTD — 

(1) Training and practice in at least 

all of the assigned duties, procedures, 

and functions required by paragraph (a) 
of this section; and 

(2) A flight check to a flight engineer 

level of proficiency in the assigned du-
ties, procedures, and functions. 

[Doc. No. 9509, 35 FR 90, Jan. 3, 1970, as 
amended by Amdt. 121–144, 43 FR 22647, May 
25, 1978; Amdt. 121–382, 85 FR 10923, Feb. 25, 
2020] 

§ 121.426 Pilots: Upgrade flight train-

ing. 

(a) Upgrade flight training for pilots 

must include the following: 

(1) Seat dependent maneuvers and 

procedures, as applicable; 

(2) Duty position maneuvers and pro-

cedures, as applicable; 

(3) Extended envelope training set 

forth in § 121.423; 

(4) Maneuvers and procedures set 

forth in the certificate holder’s low al-
titude windshear flight training pro-
gram; 

(5) Sufficient scenario-based training 

incorporating CRM and leadership and 
command skills, to ensure the pilot’s 
proficiency as pilot in command; and 

(6) Sufficient training to ensure the 

pilot’s knowledge and skill with re-
spect to the following: 

(i) The airplane, its systems and com-

ponents; 

(ii) Proper control of airspeed, con-

figuration, direction, altitude, and at-
titude in accordance with the Airplane 
Flight Manual, the certificate holder’s 
operations manual, checklists, or other 
approved material appropriate to the 
airplane type; and 

(iii) Compliance with ATC, instru-

ment procedures, or other applicable 
procedures. 

(b) The training required by para-

graph (a) of this section must be per-
formed inflight except— 

(1) That windshear maneuvers and 

procedures must be performed in an 
FFS in which the maneuvers and pro-
cedures are specifically authorized to 
be accomplished; 

(2) That the extended envelope train-

ing required by § 121.423 must be per-
formed in a Level C or higher FFS un-
less the Administrator has issued to 
the certificate holder a deviation in ac-
cordance with § 121.423(e); and