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340 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 125.201 

for which successful demonstration has 
been conducted; or 

(ii) Upon a major change in the pas-

senger cabin interior configuration 
that will affect the emergency evacu-
ation of passengers. 

(b) If a certificate holder has con-

ducted a successful demonstration re-
quired by § 121.291(a) in the same type 
airplane as a part 121 or part 123 cer-
tificate holder, it need not conduct a 
demonstration under this paragraph in 
that type airplane to achieve certifi-
cation under part 125. 

(c) Each certificate holder operating 

or proposing to operate one or more 
landplanes in extended overwater oper-
ations, or otherwise required to have 
certain equipment under § 125.209, must 
show, by a simulated ditching con-
ducted in accordance with paragraph 
(b) of appendix B of this part, that it 
has the ability to efficiently carry out 
its ditching procedures. 

(d) If a certificate holder has con-

ducted a successful demonstration re-
quired by § 121.291(b) in the same type 
airplane as a part 121 or part 123 cer-
tificate holder, it need not conduct a 
demonstration under this paragraph in 
that type airplane to achieve certifi-
cation under part 125. 

Subpart F—Instrument and 

Equipment Requirements 

§ 125.201 Inoperable instruments and 

equipment. 

(a) No person may take off an air-

plane with inoperable instruments or 
equipment installed unless the fol-
lowing conditions are met: 

(1) An approved Minimum Equipment 

List exists for that airplane. 

(2) The responsible Flight Standards 

office having certification responsi-
bility has issued the certificate holder 
operations specifications authorizing 
operations in accordance with an ap-
proved Minimum Equipment List. The 
flight crew shall have direct access at 
all times prior to flight to all of the in-
formation contained in the approved 
Minimum Equipment List through 
printed or other means approved by the 
Administrator in the certificate hold-
ers operations specifications. An ap-
proved Minimum Equipment List, as 
authorized by the operations specifica-

tions, constitutes an approved change 
to the type design without requiring 
recertification. 

(3) The approved Minimum Equip-

ment List must: 

(i) Be prepared in accordance with 

the limitations specified in paragraph 
(b) of this section. 

(ii) Provide for the operation of the 

airplane with certain instruments and 
equipment in an inoperable condition. 

(4) Records identifying the inoperable 

instruments and equipment and the in-
formation required by paragraph 
(a)(3)(ii) of this section must be avail-
able to the pilot. 

(5) The airplane is operated under all 

applicable conditions and limitations 
contained in the Minimum Equipment 
List and the operations specifications 
authorizing use of the Minimum Equip-
ment List. 

(b) The following instruments and 

equipment may not be included in the 
Minimum Equipment List: 

(1) Instruments and equipment that 

are either specifically or otherwise re-
quired by the airworthiness require-
ments under which the airplane is type 
certificated and which are essential for 
safe operations under all operating 
conditions. 

(2) Instruments and equipment re-

quired by an airworthiness directive to 
be in operable condition unless the air-
worthiness directive provides other-
wise. 

(3) Instruments and equipment re-

quired for specific operations by this 
part. 

(c) Notwithstanding paragraphs (b)(1) 

and (b)(3) of this section, an airplane 
with inoperable instruments or equip-
ment may be operated under a special 
flight permit under §§ 21.197 and 21.199 
of this chapter. 

[Doc. No. 25780, 56 FR 12310, Mar. 22, 1991, as 
amended by Docket FAA–2018–0119, Amdt. 
125–68, 83 FR 9174, Mar. 5, 2018] 

§ 125.203 Communication and naviga-

tion equipment. 

(a) 

Communication equipment—general. 

No person may operate an airplane un-
less it has two-way radio communica-
tion equipment able, at least in flight, 
to transmit to, and receive from, ap-
propriate facilities 22 nautical miles 
away. 

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341 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 125.204 

(b) 

Navigation equipment for operations 

over the top. 

No person may operate an 

airplane over the top unless it has 
navigation equipment suitable for the 
route to be flown. 

(c) 

Communication and navigation 

equipment for IFR or extended over-water 
operations—General. 

Except as provided 

in paragraph (f) of this section, no per-
son may operate an airplane carrying 
passengers under IFR or in extended 
over-water operations unless— 

(1) The en route navigation aids nec-

essary for navigating the airplane 
along the route (e.g., ATS routes, ar-
rival and departure routes, and instru-
ment approach procedures, including 
missed approach procedures if a missed 
approach routing is specified in the 
procedure) are available and suitable 
for use by the aircraft navigation sys-
tems required by this section; 

(2) The airplane used in those oper-

ations is equipped with at least the fol-
lowing equipment— 

(i) Except as provided in paragraph 

(d) of this section, two approved inde-
pendent navigation systems suitable 
for navigating the airplane along the 
route within the degree of accuracy re-
quired for ATC; 

(ii) One marker beacon receiver pro-

viding visual and aural signals; 

(iii) One ILS receiver; 
(iv) Two transmitters; 
(v) Two microphones; 
(vi) Two headsets or one headset and 

one speaker; and 

(vii) Two independent communica-

tion systems, one of which must have 
two-way voice communication capa-
bility, capable of transmitting to, and 
receiving from, at least one appro-
priate facility from any place on the 
route to be flown; and 

(3) Any RNAV system used to meet 

the navigation equipment require-
ments of this section is authorized in 
the certificate holder’s operations 
specifications. 

(d) 

Use of a single independent naviga-

tion system for operations under IFR—not 
for extended overwater operations. 

Not-

withstanding the requirements of para-
graph (c)(2)(i) of this section, the air-
plane may be equipped with a single 
independent navigation system suit-
able for navigating the airplane along 

the route to be flown within the degree 
of accuracy required for ATC if— 

(1) It can be shown that the airplane 

is equipped with at least one other 
independent navigation system suit-
able, in the event of loss of the naviga-
tion capability of the single inde-
pendent navigation system permitted 
by this paragraph at any point along 
the route, for proceeding safely to a 
suitable airport and completing an in-
strument approach; and 

(2) The airplane has sufficient fuel so 

that the flight may proceed safely to a 
suitable airport by use of the remain-
ing navigation system, and complete 
an instrument approach and land. 

(e) 

Use of VOR navigation equipment. 

If VOR navigation equipment is re-
quired by paragraph (c) or (d) of this 
section, no person may operate an air-
plane unless it is equipped with at least 
one approved DME or a suitable RNAV 
system. 

(f) 

Extended over-water operations. 

Notwithstanding the requirements of 
paragraph (c) of this section, installa-
tion and use of a single long-range 
navigation system and a single long- 
range communication system for ex-
tended over-water operations in certain 
geographic areas may be authorized by 
the Administrator and approved in the 
certificate holder’s operations speci-
fications. The following are among the 
operational factors the Administrator 
may consider in granting an authoriza-
tion: 

(1) The ability of the flight crew to 

navigate the airplane along the route 
to be flown within the degree of accu-
racy required for ATC; 

(2) The length of the route being 

flown; and 

(3) The duration of the very high fre-

quency communications gap. 

[Doc. No. FAA–2002–14002, 72 FR 31682, June 7, 
2007] 

§ 125.204 Portable electronic devices. 

(a) Except as provided in paragraph 

(b) of this section, no person may oper-
ate, nor may any operator or pilot in 
command of an aircraft allow the oper-
ation of, any portable electronic device 
on any U.S.-registered civil aircraft op-
erating under this part. 

(b) Paragraph (a) of this section does 

not apply to—