446
14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)
§ 135.147
However, pilot flight training may be
conducted during the proving tests.
(d) Validation testing is required to
determine that a certificate holder is
capable of conducting operations safely
and in compliance with applicable reg-
ulatory standards. Validation tests are
required for the following authoriza-
tions:
(1) The addition of an aircraft for
which two pilots are required for oper-
ations under VFR or a turbojet air-
plane, if that aircraft or an aircraft of
the same make or similar design has
not been previously proved or validated
in operations under this part.
(2) Operations outside U.S. airspace.
(3) Class II navigation authoriza-
tions.
(4) Special performance or oper-
ational authorizations.
(e) Validation tests must be accom-
plished by test methods acceptable to
the Administrator. Actual flights may
not be required when an applicant can
demonstrate competence and compli-
ance with appropriate regulations
without conducting a flight.
(f) Proving tests and validation tests
may be conducted simultaneously
when appropriate.
(g) The Administrator may authorize
deviations from this section if the Ad-
ministrator finds that special cir-
cumstances make full compliance with
this section unnecessary.
[Doc. No. FAA–2001–10047, 68 FR 54586, Sept.
17, 2003]
§ 135.147 Dual controls required.
No person may operate an aircraft in
operations requiring two pilots unless
it is equipped with functioning dual
controls. However, if the aircraft type
certification operating limitations do
not require two pilots, a throwover
control wheel may be used in place of
two control wheels.
§ 135.149 Equipment requirements:
General.
No person may operate an aircraft
unless it is equipped with—
(a) A sensitive altimeter that is ad-
justable for barometric pressure;
(b) Heating or deicing equipment for
each carburetor or, for a pressure car-
buretor, an alternate air source;
(c) For turbojet airplanes, in addition
to two gyroscopic bank-and-pitch indi-
cators (artificial horizons) for use at
the pilot stations, a third indicator
that is installed in accordance with the
instrument requirements prescribed in
§ 121.305(j) of this chapter.
(d) [Reserved]
(e) For turbine powered aircraft, any
other equipment as the Administrator
may require.
[Doc. No. 16097, 43 FR 46783, Oct. 10, 1978, as
amended at Amdt. 135–1, 44 FR 26737, May 7,
1979; Amdt. 135–34, 54 FR 43926, Oct. 27, 1989;
Amdt. 135–38, 55 FR 43310, Oct. 26, 1990]
§ 135.150 Public address and crew-
member interphone systems.
No person may operate an aircraft
having a passenger seating configura-
tion, excluding any pilot seat, of more
than 19 unless it is equipped with—
(a) A public address system which—
(1) Is capable of operation inde-
pendent of the crewmember interphone
system required by paragraph (b) of
this section, except for handsets, head-
sets, microphones, selector switches,
and signaling devices;
(2) Is approved in accordance with
§ 21.305 of this chapter;
(3) Is accessible for immediate use
from each of two flight crewmember
stations in the pilot compartment;
(4) For each required floor-level pas-
senger emergency exit which has an ad-
jacent flight attendant seat, has a
microphone which is readily accessible
to the seated flight attendant, except
that one microphone may serve more
than one exit, provided the proximity
of the exits allows unassisted verbal
communication between seated flight
attendants;
(5) Is capable of operation within 10
seconds by a flight attendant at each of
those stations in the passenger com-
partment from which its use is acces-
sible;
(6) Is audible at all passenger seats,
lavatories, and flight attendant seats
and work stations; and
(7) For transport category airplanes
manufactured on or after November 27,
1990, meets the requirements of § 25.1423
of this chapter.
(b) A crewmember interphone system
which—
447
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
§ 135.151
(1) Is capable of operation inde-
pendent of the public address system
required by paragraph (a) of this sec-
tion, except for handsets, headsets,
microphones, selector switches, and
signaling devices;
(2) Is approved in accordance with
§ 21.305 of this chapter;
(3) Provides a means of two-way com-
munication between the pilot compart-
ment and—
(i) Each passenger compartment; and
(ii) Each galley located on other than
the main passenger deck level;
(4) Is accessible for immediate use
from each of two flight crewmember
stations in the pilot compartment;
(5) Is accessible for use from at least
one normal flight attendant station in
each passenger compartment;
(6) Is capable of operation within 10
seconds by a flight attendant at each of
those stations in each passenger com-
partment from which its use is acces-
sible; and
(7) For large turbojet-powered air-
planes—
(i) Is accessible for use at enough
flight attendant stations so that all
floor-level emergency exits (or
entryways to those exits in the case of
exits located within galleys) in each
passenger compartment are observable
from one or more of those stations so
equipped;
(ii) Has an alerting system incor-
porating aural or visual signals for use
by flight crewmembers to alert flight
attendants and for use by flight attend-
ants to alert flight crewmembers;
(iii) For the alerting system required
by paragraph (b)(7)(ii) of this section,
has a means for the recipient of a call
to determine whether it is a normal
call or an emergency call; and
(iv) When the airplane is on the
ground, provides a means of two-way
communication between ground per-
sonnel and either of at least two flight
crewmembers in the pilot compart-
ment. The interphone system station
for use by ground personnel must be so
located that personnel using the sys-
tem may avoid visible detection from
within the airplane.
[Doc. No. 24995, 54 FR 43926, Oct. 27, 1989]
§ 135.151 Cockpit voice recorders.
(a) No person may operate a multien-
gine, turbine-powered airplane or
rotorcraft having a passenger seating
configuration of six or more and for
which two pilots are required by cer-
tification or operating rules unless it is
equipped with an approved cockpit
voice recorder that:
(1) Is installed in compliance with
§ 23.1457(a)(1) and (2), (b), (c), (d)(1)(i),
(2) and (3), (e), (f), and (g); § 25.1457(a)(1)
and (2), (b), (c), (d)(1)(i), (2) and (3), (e),
(f), and (g), § 27.1457(a)(1) and (2), (b),
(c), (d)(1)(i), (2) and (3), (e), (f), and (g);
or § 29.1457(a)(1) and (2), (b), (c), (d)(1)(i),
(2) and (3), (e), (f), and (g) of this chap-
ter, as applicable; and
(2) Is operated continuously from the
use of the check list before the flight
to completion of the final check list at
the end of the flight.
(b) No person may operate a multien-
gine, turbine-powered airplane or
rotorcraft having a passenger seating
configuration of 20 or more seats unless
it is equipped with an approved cockpit
voice recorder that—
(1) Is installed in accordance with the
requirements of § 23.1457 (except para-
graphs (a)(6), (d)(1)(ii), (4), and (5));
§ 25.1457 (except paragraphs (a)(6),
(d)(1)(ii), (4), and (5)); § 27.1457 (except
paragraphs (a)(6), (d)(1)(ii), (4), and (5));
or § 29.1457 (except paragraphs (a)(6),
(d)(1)(ii), (4), and (5)) of this chapter, as
applicable; and
(2) Is operated continuously from the
use of the check list before the flight
to completion of the final check list at
the end of the flight.
(c) In the event of an accident, or oc-
currence requiring immediate notifica-
tion of the National Transportation
Safety Board which results in termi-
nation of the flight, the certificate
holder shall keep the recorded informa-
tion for at least 60 days or, if requested
by the Administrator or the Board, for
a longer period. Information obtained
from the record may be used to assist
in determining the cause of accidents
or occurrences in connection with in-
vestigations. The Administrator does
not use the record in any civil penalty
or certificate action.
(d) For those aircraft equipped to
record the uninterrupted audio signals