575
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
§ 139.307
(e) As appropriate, comply with the
following training requirements of this
part:
(1) § 139.319, Aircraft rescue and fire-
fighting: Operational requirements;
(2) § 139.321, Handling and storage of
hazardous substances and materials;
(3) § 139.327, Self-inspection program;
(4) § 139.329, Pedestrians and Ground
Vehicles;
(5) § 139.337, Wildlife hazard manage-
ment;
(6) § 139.339, Airport condition report-
ing; and
(7) § 139.402, Components of airport
safety management system.
(f) Use an independent organization,
or designee, to comply with the re-
quirements of its Airport Certification
Manual and the requirements of this
part only if—
(1) Such an arrangement is author-
ized by the Administrator;
(2) A description of responsibilities
and duties that will be assumed by an
independent organization or designee is
specified in the Airport Certification
Manual; and
(3) The independent organization or
designee prepares records required
under this part in sufficient detail to
assure the certificate holder and the
Administrator of adequate compliance
with the Airport Certification Manual
and the requirements of this part.
[Doc. No. FAA–2000–7479, 69 FR 6424, Feb. 10,
2004; Amdt. 139–26, 69 FR 31522, June 4, 2004,
as amended by Amdt. 139–27, 78 FR 3316, Jan.
16, 2013; Docket No. FAA–2010–0997;Amdt. No.
139–28, 88 FR 11672, Feb. 23, 2023]
§ 139.305 Paved areas.
(a) In a manner authorized by the Ad-
ministrator, each certificate holder
must maintain, and promptly repair
the pavement of, each runway, taxi-
way, loading ramp, and parking area
on the airport that is available for air
carrier use as follows:
(1) The pavement edges must not ex-
ceed 3 inches difference in elevation be-
tween abutting pavement sections and
between pavement and abutting areas.
(2) The pavement must have no hole
exceeding 3 inches in depth nor any
hole the slope of which from any point
in the hole to the nearest point at the
lip of the hole is 45 degrees or greater,
as measured from the pavement surface
plane, unless, in either case, the entire
area of the hole can be covered by a 5-
inch diameter circle.
(3) The pavement must be free of
cracks and surface variations that
could impair directional control of air
carrier aircraft, including any pave-
ment crack or surface deterioration
that produces loose aggregate or other
contaminants.
(4) Except as provided in paragraph
(b) of this section, mud, dirt, sand,
loose aggregate, debris, foreign objects,
rubber deposits, and other contami-
nants must be removed promptly and
as completely as practicable.
(5) Except as provided in paragraph
(b) of this section, any chemical sol-
vent that is used to clean any pave-
ment area must be removed as soon as
possible, consistent with the instruc-
tions of the manufacturer of the sol-
vent.
(6) The pavement must be suffi-
ciently drained and free of depressions
to prevent ponding that obscures
markings or impairs safe aircraft oper-
ations.
(b) Paragraphs (a)(4) and (a)(5) of this
section do not apply to snow and ice
accumulations and their control, in-
cluding the associated use of materials,
such as sand and deicing solutions.
(c) FAA Advisory Circulars contain
methods and procedures for the main-
tenance and configuration of paved
areas that are acceptable to the Ad-
ministrator.
[Doc. No. FAA–2000–7479, 69 FR 6424, Feb. 10,
2004; Amdt. 139–26, 69 FR 31522, June 4, 2004]
§ 139.307 Unpaved areas.
(a) In a manner authorized by the Ad-
ministrator, each certificate holder
must maintain and promptly repair the
surface of each gravel, turf, or other
unpaved runway, taxiway, or loading
ramp and parking area on the airport
that is available for air carrier use as
follows:
(1) No slope from the edge of the full-
strength surfaces downward to the ex-
isting terrain must be steeper than 2:1.
(2) The full-strength surfaces must
have adequate crown or grade to assure
sufficient drainage to prevent ponding.
(3) The full-strength surfaces must be
adequately compacted and sufficiently
stable to prevent rutting by aircraft or
576
14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)
§ 139.309
the loosening or build-up of surface
material, which could impair direc-
tional control of aircraft or drainage.
(4) The full-strength surfaces must
have no holes or depressions that ex-
ceed 3 inches in depth and are of a
breadth capable of impairing direc-
tional control or causing damage to an
aircraft.
(5) Debris and foreign objects must be
promptly removed from the surface.
(b) FAA Advisory Circulars contain
methods and procedures for the main-
tenance and configuration of unpaved
areas that are acceptable to the Ad-
ministrator.
§ 139.309 Safety areas.
(a) In a manner authorized by the Ad-
ministrator, each certificate holder
must provide and maintain, for each
runway and taxiway that is available
for air carrier use, a safety area of at
least the dimensions that—
(1) Existed on December 31, 1987, if
the runway or taxiway had a safety
area on December 31, 1987, and if no re-
construction or significant expansion
of the runway or taxiway was begun on
or after January 1, 1988; or
(2) Are authorized by the Adminis-
trator at the time the construction, re-
construction, or expansion began if
construction, reconstruction, or sig-
nificant expansion of the runway or
taxiway began on or after January 1,
1988.
(b) Each certificate holder must
maintain its safety areas as follows:
(1) Each safety area must be cleared
and graded and have no potentially
hazardous ruts, humps, depressions, or
other surface variations.
(2) Each safety area must be drained
by grading or storm sewers to prevent
water accumulation.
(3) Each safety area must be capable
under dry conditions of supporting
snow removal and aircraft rescue and
firefighting equipment and of sup-
porting the occasional passage of air-
craft without causing major damage to
the aircraft.
(4) No objects may be located in any
safety area, except for objects that
need to be located in a safety area be-
cause of their function. These objects
must be constructed, to the extent
practical, on frangibly mounted struc-
tures of the lowest practical height,
with the frangible point no higher than
3 inches above grade.
(c) FAA Advisory Circulars contain
methods and procedures for the con-
figuration and maintenance of safety
areas acceptable to the Administrator.
§ 139.311 Marking, signs, and lighting.
(a)
Marking.
Each certificate holder
must provide and maintain marking
systems for air carrier operations on
the airport that are authorized by the
Administrator and consist of at least
the following:
(1) Runway markings meeting the
specifications for takeoff and landing
minimums for each runway.
(2) A taxiway centerline.
(3) Taxiway edge markings, as appro-
priate.
(4) Holding position markings.
(5) Instrument landing system (ILS)
critical area markings.
(b)
Signs.
(1) Each certificate holder
must provide and maintain sign sys-
tems for air carrier operations on the
airport that are authorized by the Ad-
ministrator and consist of at least the
following:
(i) Signs identifying taxiing routes
on the movement area.
(ii) Holding position signs.
(iii) Instrument landing system (ILS)
critical area signs.
(2) Unless otherwise authorized by
the Administrator, the signs required
by paragraph (b)(1) of this section must
be internally illuminated at each Class
I, II, and IV airport.
(3) Unless otherwise authorized by
the Administrator, the signs required
by paragraphs (b)(1)(ii) and (b)(1)(iii) of
this section must be internally illumi-
nated at each Class III airport.
(c)
Lighting.
Each certificate holder
must provide and maintain lighting
systems for air carrier operations when
the airport is open at night, during
conditions below visual flight rules
(VFR) minimums, or in Alaska, during
periods in which a prominent unlighted
object cannot be seen from a distance
of 3 statute miles or the sun is more
than six degrees below the horizon.
These lighting systems must be au-
thorized by the Administrator and con-
sist of at least the following: