649
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
§ 142.53
(v) Meets the recency of experience
requirements of part 61 of this chapter.
[Doc. No. 26933, 61 FR 34562, July 2, 1996, as
amended by Amdt. 142–2, 62 FR 68137, Dec. 30,
1997; Amdt. 142–9, 78 FR 42380, July 15, 2013]
§ 142.51 [Reserved]
§ 142.53 Training center instructor
training and testing requirements.
(a) Except as provided in paragraph
(c) of this section, prior to designation
and every 12 calendar months begin-
ning the first day of the month fol-
lowing an instructor’s initial designa-
tion, a certificate holder must ensure
that each of its instructors meets the
following requirements:
(1) Each instructor must satisfac-
torily demonstrate to an authorized
evaluator knowledge of, and pro-
ficiency in, instructing in a representa-
tive segment of each curriculum for
which that instructor is designated to
instruct under this part.
(2) Each instructor must satisfac-
torily complete an approved course of
ground instruction in at least—
(i) The fundamental principles of the
learning process;
(ii) Elements of effective teaching,
instruction methods, and techniques;
(iii) Instructor duties, privileges, re-
sponsibilities, and limitations;
(iv) Training policies and procedures;
(v) Cockpit resource management
and crew coordination; and
(vi) Evaluation.
(3) Each instructor who instructs in a
qualified and approved flight simulator
or flight training device must satisfac-
torily complete an approved course of
training in the operation of the flight
simulator, and an approved course of
ground instruction, applicable to the
training courses the instructor is des-
ignated to instruct.
(4) The flight simulator training
course required by paragraph (a)(3) of
this section which must include—
(i) Proper operation of flight simu-
lator and flight training device con-
trols and systems;
(ii) Proper operation of environ-
mental and fault panels;
(iii) Limitations of simulation; and
(iv) Minimum equipment require-
ments for each curriculum.
(5) Each flight instructor who pro-
vides training in an aircraft must sat-
isfactorily complete an approved
course of ground instruction and flight
training in an aircraft, flight simu-
lator, or flight training device.
(6) The approved course of ground in-
struction and flight training required
by paragraph (a)(5) of this section
which must include instruction in—
(i) Performance and analysis of flight
training procedures and maneuvers ap-
plicable to the training courses that
the instructor is designated to in-
struct;
(ii) Technical subjects covering air-
craft subsystems and operating rules
applicable to the training courses that
the instructor is designated to in-
struct;
(iii) Emergency operations;
(iv) Emergency situations likely to
develop during training; and
(v) Appropriate safety measures.
(7) Each instructor who instructs in
qualified and approved flight training
equipment must pass a written test
and annual proficiency check—
(i) In the flight training equipment in
which the instructor will be instruct-
ing; and
(ii) On the subject matter and ma-
neuvers of a representative segment of
each curriculum for which the instruc-
tor will be instructing.
(b) In addition to the requirements of
paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(7) of this
section, each certificate holder must
ensure that each instructor who in-
structs in a flight simulator that the
Administrator has approved for all
training and all testing for the airline
transport pilot certification test, air-
craft type rating test, or both, has met
at least one of the following three re-
quirements:
(1) Each instructor must have per-
formed 2 hours in flight, including
three takeoffs and three landings as
the sole manipulator of the controls of
an aircraft of the same category and
class, and, if a type rating is required,
of the same type replicated by the ap-
proved flight simulator in which that
instructor is designated to instruct;
(2) Each instructor must have par-
ticipated in an approved line-observa-
tion program under part 121 or part 135
of this chapter, and that—
650
14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)
§ 142.54
(i) Was accomplished in the same air-
plane type as the airplane represented
by the flight simulator in which that
instructor is designated to instruct;
and
(ii) Included line-oriented flight
training of at least 1 hour of flight dur-
ing which the instructor was the sole
manipulator of the controls in a flight
simulator that replicated the same
type aircraft for which that instructor
is designated to instruct; or
(3) Each instructor must have par-
ticipated in an approved in-flight ob-
servation training course that—
(i) Consisted of at least 2 hours of
flight time in an airplane of the same
type as the airplane replicated by the
flight simulator in which the instruc-
tor is designated to instruct; and
(ii) Included line-oriented flight
training of at least 1 hour of flight dur-
ing which the instructor was the sole
manipulator of the controls in a flight
simulator that replicated the same
type aircraft for which that instructor
is designated to instruct.
(c) An instructor who satisfactorily
completes a curriculum required by
paragraph (a) or (b) of this section in
the calendar month before or after the
month in which it is due is considered
to have taken it in the month in which
it was due for the purpose of computing
when the next training is due.
(d) The Administrator may give cred-
it for the requirements of paragraph (a)
or (b) of this section to an instructor
who has satisfactorily completed an in-
structor training course for a part 121
or part 135 certificate holder if the Ad-
ministrator finds such a course equiva-
lent to the requirements of paragraph
(a) or (b) of this section.
[Doc. No. 26933, 61 FR 34562, July 2, 1996, as
amended by Amdt. 142–1, 62 FR 13791, Mar. 21,
1997]
§ 142.54 Airline transport pilot certifi-
cation training program.
No certificate holder may use a per-
son nor may any person serve as an in-
structor in a training program ap-
proved to meet the requirements of
§ 61.156 of this chapter unless the in-
structor:
(a) Holds an airline transport pilot
certificate with an airplane category
multiengine class rating;
(b) Has at least 2 years of experience
as a pilot in command in operations
conducted under § 91.1053(a)(2)(i) or
§ 135.243(a)(1) of this chapter, or as a
pilot in command or second in com-
mand in any operation conducted
under part 121 of this chapter;
(c) Except for the holder of a flight
instructor certificate, receives initial
training on the following topics:
(1) The fundamental principles of the
learning process;
(2) Elements of effective teaching, in-
struction methods, and techniques;
(3) Instructor duties, privileges, re-
sponsibilities, and limitations;
(4) Training policies and procedures;
and
(5) Evaluation.
(d) If providing training in a flight
simulation training device—
(1) Holds an aircraft type rating for
the aircraft represented by the flight
simulation training device utilized in
the training program and have received
training and evaluation within the pre-
ceding 12 months from the certificate
holder on the maneuvers that will be
demonstrated in the flight simulation
training device; and
(2) Satisfies the requirements of
§ 142.53(a)(4).
(e) A certificate holder may not issue
a graduation certificate to a student
unless that student has completed all
the curriculum requirements of the
course.
(f) A certificate holder must conduct
evaluations to ensure that training
techniques, procedures, and standards
are acceptable to the Administrator.
[Doc. No. FAA–2010–0100, 78 FR 42380, July 15,
2013]
§ 142.55 Training center evaluator re-
quirements.
(a) Except as provided by paragraph
(d) of this section, a training center
must ensure that each person author-
ized as an evaluator—
(1) Is approved by the Administrator;
(2) Is in compliance with §§ 142.47,
142.49, and 142.53 and applicable sec-
tions of part 183 of this chapter; and
(3) Prior to designation, and except
as provided in paragraph (b) of this sec-
tion, every 12-calendar-month period
following initial designation, the cer-
tificate holder must ensure that the