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650 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 142.54 

(i) Was accomplished in the same air-

plane type as the airplane represented 
by the flight simulator in which that 
instructor is designated to instruct; 
and 

(ii) Included line-oriented flight 

training of at least 1 hour of flight dur-
ing which the instructor was the sole 
manipulator of the controls in a flight 
simulator that replicated the same 
type aircraft for which that instructor 
is designated to instruct; or 

(3) Each instructor must have par-

ticipated in an approved in-flight ob-
servation training course that— 

(i) Consisted of at least 2 hours of 

flight time in an airplane of the same 
type as the airplane replicated by the 
flight simulator in which the instruc-
tor is designated to instruct; and 

(ii) Included line-oriented flight 

training of at least 1 hour of flight dur-
ing which the instructor was the sole 
manipulator of the controls in a flight 
simulator that replicated the same 
type aircraft for which that instructor 
is designated to instruct. 

(c) An instructor who satisfactorily 

completes a curriculum required by 
paragraph (a) or (b) of this section in 
the calendar month before or after the 
month in which it is due is considered 
to have taken it in the month in which 
it was due for the purpose of computing 
when the next training is due. 

(d) The Administrator may give cred-

it for the requirements of paragraph (a) 
or (b) of this section to an instructor 
who has satisfactorily completed an in-
structor training course for a part 121 
or part 135 certificate holder if the Ad-
ministrator finds such a course equiva-
lent to the requirements of paragraph 
(a) or (b) of this section. 

[Doc. No. 26933, 61 FR 34562, July 2, 1996, as 
amended by Amdt. 142–1, 62 FR 13791, Mar. 21, 
1997] 

§ 142.54 Airline transport pilot certifi-

cation training program. 

No certificate holder may use a per-

son nor may any person serve as an in-
structor in a training program ap-
proved to meet the requirements of 
§ 61.156 of this chapter unless the in-
structor: 

(a) Holds an airline transport pilot 

certificate with an airplane category 
multiengine class rating; 

(b) Has at least 2 years of experience 

as a pilot in command in operations 
conducted under § 91.1053(a)(2)(i) or 
§ 135.243(a)(1) of this chapter, or as a 
pilot in command or second in com-
mand in any operation conducted 
under part 121 of this chapter; 

(c) Except for the holder of a flight 

instructor certificate, receives initial 
training on the following topics: 

(1) The fundamental principles of the 

learning process; 

(2) Elements of effective teaching, in-

struction methods, and techniques; 

(3) Instructor duties, privileges, re-

sponsibilities, and limitations; 

(4) Training policies and procedures; 

and 

(5) Evaluation. 
(d) If providing training in a flight 

simulation training device— 

(1) Holds an aircraft type rating for 

the aircraft represented by the flight 
simulation training device utilized in 
the training program and have received 
training and evaluation within the pre-
ceding 12 months from the certificate 
holder on the maneuvers that will be 
demonstrated in the flight simulation 
training device; and 

(2) Satisfies the requirements of 

§ 142.53(a)(4). 

(e) A certificate holder may not issue 

a graduation certificate to a student 
unless that student has completed all 
the curriculum requirements of the 
course. 

(f) A certificate holder must conduct 

evaluations to ensure that training 
techniques, procedures, and standards 
are acceptable to the Administrator. 

[Doc. No. FAA–2010–0100, 78 FR 42380, July 15, 
2013] 

§ 142.55 Training center evaluator re-

quirements. 

(a) Except as provided by paragraph 

(d) of this section, a training center 
must ensure that each person author-
ized as an evaluator— 

(1) Is approved by the Administrator; 
(2) Is in compliance with §§ 142.47, 

142.49, and 142.53 and applicable sec-
tions of part 183 of this chapter; and 

(3) Prior to designation, and except 

as provided in paragraph (b) of this sec-
tion, every 12-calendar-month period 
following initial designation, the cer-
tificate holder must ensure that the 

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651 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 142.59 

evaluator satisfactorily completes a 
curriculum that includes the following: 

(i) Evaluator duties, functions, and 

responsibilities; 

(ii) Methods, procedures, and tech-

niques for conducting required tests 
and checks; 

(iii) Evaluation of pilot performance; 

and 

(iv) Management of unsatisfactory 

tests and subsequent corrective action; 
and 

(4) If evaluating in qualified and ap-

proved flight training equipment must 
satisfactorily pass a written test and 
annual proficiency check in a flight 
simulator or aircraft in which the eval-
uator will be evaluating. 

(b) An evaluator who satisfactorily 

completes a curriculum required by 
paragraph (a) of this section in the cal-
endar month before or the calendar 
month after the month in which it is 
due is considered to have taken it in 
the month is which it was due for the 
purpose of computing when the next 
training is due. 

(c) The Administrator may give cred-

it for the requirements of paragraph 
(a)(3) of this section to an evaluator 
who has satisfactorily completed an 
evaluator training course for a part 121 
or part 135 certificate holder if the Ad-
ministrator finds such a course equiva-
lent to the requirements of paragraph 
(a)(3) of this section. 

(d) An evaluator who is qualified 

under subpart Y of part 121 of this 
chapter shall be authorized to conduct 
evaluations under the Advanced Quali-
fication Program without complying 
with the requirements of this section. 

[Doc. No. 26933, 61 FR 34562, July 2, 1996, as 
amended by Amdt. 142–9, 78 FR 42380, July 15, 
2013] 

§ 142.57 Aircraft requirements. 

(a) An applicant for, or holder of, a 

training center certificate must ensure 
that each aircraft used for flight in-
struction and solo flights meets the 
following requirements: 

(1) Except for flight instruction and 

solo flights in a curriculum for agricul-
tural aircraft operations, external load 
operations, and similar aerial work op-
erations, the aircraft must have an 
FAA standard airworthiness certificate 
or a foreign equivalent of an FAA 

standard airworthiness certificate, ac-
ceptable to the Administrator. 

(2) The aircraft must be maintained 

and inspected in accordance with— 

(i) The requirements of part 91, sub-

part E, of this chapter; and 

(ii) An approved program for mainte-

nance and inspection. 

(3) The aircraft must be equipped as 

provided in the training specifications 
for the approved course for which it is 
used. 

(b) Except as provided in paragraph 

(c) of this section, an applicant for, or 
holder of, a training center certificate 
must ensure that each aircraft used for 
flight instruction is at least a two- 
place aircraft with engine power con-
trols and flight controls that are easily 
reached and that operate in a conven-
tional manner from both pilot stations. 

(c) Airplanes with controls such as 

nose-wheel steering, switches, fuel se-
lectors, and engine air flow controls 
that are not easily reached and oper-
ated in a conventional manner by both 
pilots may be used for flight instruc-
tion if the certificate holder deter-
mines that the flight instruction can 
be conducted in a safe manner consid-
ering the location of controls and their 
nonconventional operation, or both. 

§ 142.59 Flight simulators and flight 

training devices. 

(a) An applicant for, or holder of, a 

training center certificate must show 
that each flight simulator and flight 
training device used for training, test-
ing, and checking (except AQP) will be 
or is specifically qualified and ap-
proved by the Administrator for— 

(1) Each maneuver and procedure for 

the make, model, and series of aircraft, 
set of aircraft, or aircraft type simu-
lated, as applicable; and 

(2) Each curriculum or training 

course in which the flight simulator or 
flight training device is used, if that 
curriculum or course is used to satisfy 
any requirement of 14 CFR chapter I. 

(b) The approval required by para-

graph (a)(2) of this section must in-
clude— 

(1) The set of aircraft, or type air-

craft;