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92 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 15.113 

the adverse judgment, the publisher 
shall— 

(1) Give notice to the FAA as re-

quired by § 15.107(d) of this part; 

(2) Submit a copy of the trial court’s 

decision to the FAA Chief Counsel not 
more than 5 business days after the ad-
verse judgment is rendered; and 

(3) If an appeal is taken from the ad-

verse judgment, submit a copy of the 
appellate decision to the FAA Chief 
Counsel not more than 30 days after 
that decision is rendered. 

(d) Within 60 days after receipt of the 

trial court’s decision, the Adminis-
trator by registered mail will— 

(1) Notify the publisher that indem-

nification is required under this part; 

(2) Request that the publisher appeal 

the trial court’s adverse decision; or 

(3) Notify the publisher that it is not 

entitled to indemnification under this 
part and briefly state the basis for the 
denial. 

§ 15.113

Indemnification agreements. 

(a) Upon a finding of the Adminis-

trator that indemnification is required 
under this part, and after obtaining the 
concurrence of the United States De-
partment of Justice, the FAA will 
promptly enter into an indemnification 
agreement providing for the payment 
of the costs specified in paragraph (c) 
of this section. 

(b) The indemnification agreement 

will be signed by the Chief Counsel and 
the publisher. 

(c) The FAA will indemnify the pub-

lisher for— 

(1) Compensatory damages awarded 

by the court against the publisher; 

(2) Reasonable costs and fees, includ-

ing reasonable attorney fees at a rate 
not to exceed that permitted under the 
Equal Access to Justice Act (5 U.S.C. 
504), and any postjudgment interest, if 
the publisher conducts a good faith de-
fense, or pursues a good faith appeal, at 
the request, or with the concurrence, of 
the FAA. 

(d) Except as otherwise provided in 

this section, the FAA will not indem-
nify the publisher for— 

(1) Punitive or exemplary damages; 
(2) Civil or criminal fines or any 

other litigation sanctions; 

(3) Postjudgment interest; 
(4) Costs; 

(5) Attorney fees; or 
(6) Other incidental expenses. 
(e) The indemnification agreement 

must provide that the Government will 
be subrogated to all claims or rights of 
the publisher, including third-party 
claims, cross-claims, and counter-
claims. 

§ 15.115

Payment. 

After execution of the indemnifica-

tion agreement, the FAA will submit 
the agreement to the United States De-
partment of Justice and request pay-
ment, in accordance with the agree-
ment, from the Judgment Fund. 

PART 16—RULES OF PRACTICE FOR 

FEDERALLY-ASSISTED AIRPORT 
ENFORCEMENT PROCEEDINGS 

Subpart A—General Provisions 

Sec. 
16.1

Applicability and description of part. 

16.3

Definitions. 

16.5

Separation of functions. 

Subpart B—General Rules Applicable to 

Complaints, Proceedings Initiated by 
the FAA, and Appeals 

16.11

General processes. 

16.13

Filing of documents. 

16.15

Service of documents on the parties 

and the agency. 

16.17

Computation of time. 

16.19

Motions. 

Subpart C—Special Rules Applicable to 

Complaints 

16.21

Pre-complaint resolution. 

16.23

Pleadings. 

16.25

Dismissals. 

16.26

Motions to dismiss and motions for 

summary judgment. 

16.27

Incomplete complaints. 

16.29

Investigations. 

16.31

Director’s determinations after inves-

tigations. 

16.33

Final decisions without hearing. 

16.34

Consent orders. 

Subpart D—Special Rules Applicable to 

Proceedings Initiated by the FAA 

16.101

Basis for the initiation of agency ac-

tion. 

16.103

Notice of investigation. 

16.105

Failure to resolve informally. 

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Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 16.1 

Subpart E—Proposed Orders of 

Compliance 

16.109

Orders terminating eligibility for 

grants, cease and desist orders, and other 
compliance orders. 

Subpart F—Hearings 

16.201

Notice and order of hearing. 

16.202

Powers of a hearing officer. 

16.203

Appearances, parties, and rights of 

parties. 

16.207

Intervention and other participation. 

16.209

Extension of time. 

16.211

Prehearing conference. 

16.213

Discovery. 

16.215

Depositions. 

16.217

Witnesses. 

16.219

Subpoenas. 

16.221

Witness fees. 

16.223

Evidence. 

16.225

Public disclosure of evidence. 

16.227

Standard of proof. 

16.229

Burden of proof. 

16.231

Offer of proof. 

16.233

Record. 

16.235

Argument before the hearing officer. 

16.237

Waiver of procedures. 

16.241

Initial decisions, orders, and appeals. 

16.243

Consent orders. 

16.245

Associate Administrator review after 

a hearing. 

Subpart G—Judicial Review 

16.247

Judicial review of a final decision and 

order. 

Subpart H—Ex Parte Communications 

16.301

Prohibited ex parte communications. 

16.303

Procedures for handling ex parte 

communications. 

16.305

Requirement to show cause and impo-

sition of sanction. 

A

UTHORITY

: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 322, 1110, 1111, 

1115, 1116, 1718(a) and (b), 1719, 1723, 1726, 1727, 
40103(e), 40113, 40116, 44502(b), 46101, 46104, 
46110, 47104, 47106(e), 47107, 47108, 47111(d), 
47122, 47123–47125, 47133, 47151–47153, 48103. 

S

OURCE

: Docket No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 

16, 1996, unless otherwise noted. 

Subpart A—General Provisions 

§ 16.1

Applicability and description of 

part. 

(a) 

General.  The provisions of this 

part govern all Federal Aviation Ad-
ministration (FAA) proceedings involv-
ing Federally-assisted airports, except 
for complaints or requests for deter-
mination filed with the Secretary 
under 14 CFR part 302, whether the pro-

ceedings are instituted by order of the 
FAA or by filing a complaint with the 
FAA under the following authorities: 

(1) 49 U.S.C. 40103(e), prohibiting the 

grant of exclusive rights for the use of 
any landing area or air navigation fa-
cility on which Federal funds have 
been expended (formerly section 308 of 
the Federal Aviation Act of 1958, as 
amended). 

(2) Requirements of the Anti-Head 

Tax Act, 49 U.S.C. 40116. 

(3) The assurances and other Federal 

obligations contained in grant-in-aid 
agreements issued under the Federal 
Airport Act of 1946, 49 U.S.C. 1101 

et seq. 

(repealed 1970). 

(4) The assurances and other Federal 

obligations contained in grant-in-aid 
agreements issued under the Airport 
and Airway Development Act of 1970, 
as amended, 49 U.S.C. 1701 

et seq. 

(5) The assurances and other Federal 

obligations contained in grant-in-aid 
agreements issued under the Airport 
and Airway Improvement Act of 1982 
(AAIA), as amended and recodified, 49 
U.S.C. 47101 

et seq., specifically section 

511(a), 49 U.S.C. 47107, and 49 U.S.C. 
47133. 

(6) Section 505(d) of the Airport and 

Airway Improvement Act of 1982, and 
the requirements concerning civil 
rights and/or Disadvantaged Business 
Enterprise (DBE) issues contained in 49 
U.S.C. 47107(e) and 49 U.S.C. 47113; 49 
U.S.C. 47123; 49 U.S.C. 322, as amended; 
49 CFR parts 23 and/or 26; and/or grant 
assurance 30 and/or grant assurance 37. 

(7) Obligations contained in property 

deeds for property transferred pursuant 
to section 16 of the Federal Airport Act 
(49 U.S.C. 1115), section 23 of the Air-
port and Airway Development Act (49 
U.S.C. 1723), or section 516 of the Air-
port and Airway Improvement Act (49 
U.S.C. 47125). 

(8) Obligations contained in property 

deeds for property transferred under 
the Surplus Property Act (49 U.S.C. 
47151–47153). 

(b) 

Other agencies. Where a grant as-

surance concerns a statute, executive 
order, regulation, or other authority 
that provides an administrative proc-
ess for the investigation or adjudica-
tion of complaints by a Federal agency 
other than the FAA, persons shall use 
the administrative process established 

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14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 16.3 

by those authorities. Where a grant as-
surance concerns a statute, executive 
order, regulation, or other authority 
that enables a Federal agency other 
than the FAA to investigate, adju-
dicate, and enforce compliance under 
those authorities on its own initiative, 
the FAA may defer to that Federal 
agency. 

(c) 

Other enforcement. If a complaint 

or action initiated by the FAA involves 
a violation of the 49 U.S.C. subtitle VII 
or FAA regulations, except as specified 
in paragraphs (a)(1) and (a)(2) of this 
section, the FAA may take investiga-
tive and enforcement action under 14 
CFR part 13, ‘‘Investigative and En-
forcement Procedures.’’ 

(d) 

Effective date. This part applies to 

a complaint filed with the FAA and to 
an investigation initiated by the FAA 
on or after December 16, 1996. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56141, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.3

Definitions. 

Terms defined in the Acts are used as 

so defined. As used in this part: 

Act  means a statute listed in § 16.1 

and any regulation, agreement, or doc-
ument of conveyance issued or made 
under that statute. 

Administrator  means the Adminis-

trator of the FAA. 

Agency means the FAA. 
Agency attorney means the Deputy 

Chief Counsel; the Assistant Chief 
Counsel and attorneys in the Airports/ 
Environmental Law Division of the Of-
fice of the Chief Counsel; the Assistant 
Chief Counsel and attorneys in an FAA 
region or center who represent the 
FAA during the investigation of a com-
plaint or at a hearing on a complaint, 
and who prosecute on behalf of the 
FAA, as appropriate. An agency attor-
ney shall not include the Chief Coun-
sel; the Assistant Chief Counsel for 
Litigation, or any attorney on the staff 
of the Assistant Chief Counsel for Liti-
gation, who advises the Associate Ad-
ministrator regarding an initial deci-
sion of the hearing officer or any ap-
peal to the Associate Administrator or 
who is supervised in that action by a 
person who provides such advice in an 
action covered by this part. 

Agency employee means any employee 

of the FAA. 

Associate Administrator means the 

FAA Associate Administrator for Air-
ports or a designee. For the purposes of 
this part only, Associate Adminis-
trator also means the Assistant Ad-
ministrator for Civil Rights or a des-
ignee for complaints that the FAA As-
sociate Administrator for Airports 
transfers to the Assistant Adminis-
trator for Civil Rights. 

Complainant  means the person sub-

mitting a complaint. 

Complaint  means a written document 

meeting the requirements of this part 
and filed under this part: 

(1) By a person directly and substan-

tially affected by anything allegedly 
done or omitted to be done by any per-
son in contravention of any provision 
of any Act, as defined in this section, 
as to matters within the jurisdiction of 
the Administrator, or 

(2) By a person under 49 CFR 26.105(c) 

against a recipient of FAA funds al-
leged to have violated a provision of 49 
CFR parts 23 and/or 26. 

Decisional employee means the Admin-

istrator, Deputy Administrator, Asso-
ciate Administrator, Director, hearing 
officer, or other FAA employee who is 
or who may reasonably be expected to 
be involved in the decisional process of 
the proceeding. 

Director  means the Director of the 

FAA Office of Airport Compliance and 
Management Analysis, or a designee. 
For the purposes of this part only, Di-
rector also means the Deputy Assistant 
Administrator for Civil Rights for com-
plaints that the Director of the FAA 
Office of Airport Compliance and Man-
agement Analysis transfers to the Dep-
uty Assistant Administrator for Civil 
Rights or designee. 

Electronic filing means the process of 

sending electronic mail (email) to the 
FAA Part 16 Docket Clerk, with 
scanned documents attached, as a 
Portable Document Format (PDF) file. 

Ex parte communication means an oral 

or written communication not on the 
public record with respect to which 
reasonable prior notice to all parties is 
not given, but it shall not include re-
quests for status reports on any matter 
or proceeding covered by this part, or 

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95 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 16.5 

communications between FAA employ-
ees who participate as parties to a 
hearing pursuant to 16.203(b) of this 
part and other parties to a hearing. 

Hearing officer means an attorney 

designated by the Deputy Chief Coun-
sel in a hearing order to serve as a 
hearing officer in a hearing under this 
part. The following are not designated 
as hearing officers: the Chief Counsel 
and Deputy Chief Counsel; the Re-
gional or Center Counsel and attorneys 
in the FAA region or center in which 
the noncompliance has allegedly oc-
curred or is occurring; the Assistant 
Chief Counsel and attorneys in the Air-
ports and Environmental Law Division 
of the FAA Office of the Chief Counsel; 
and the Assistant Chief Counsel and at-
torneys in the Litigation Division of 
the FAA Office of Chief Counsel. 

Initial decision means a decision made 

by the hearing officer in a hearing 
under subpart F of this part. 

Mail means U.S. first class mail; U.S. 

certified mail; and U.S. express mail. 
Unless otherwise noted, mail also 
means electronic mail containing PDF 
copies of pleadings or documents re-
quired herein. 

Noncompliance  means anything done 

or omitted to be done by any person in 
contravention of any provision of any 
Act, as defined in this section, as to 
matters within the jurisdiction of the 
Administrator. 

Party  means the complainant(s) and 

the respondent(s) named in the com-
plaint and, after an initial determina-
tion providing an opportunity for hear-
ing is issued under § 16.31 and subpart E 
of this part, the agency. 

Person  in addition to its meaning 

under 49 U.S.C. 40102(a)(33), includes a 
public agency as defined in 49 U.S.C. 
47102(a)(15). 

Personal delivery means same-day 

hand delivery or overnight express de-
livery service. 

Respondent  means any person named 

in a complaint as a person responsible 
for noncompliance. 

Sponsor means: 
(1) Any public agency which, either 

individually or jointly with one or 
more other public agencies, has re-
ceived Federal financial assistance for 
airport development or planning under 
the Federal Airport Act, Airport and 

Airway Development Act or Airport 
and Airway Improvement Act; 

(2) Any private owner of a public-use 

airport that has received financial as-
sistance from the FAA for such airport; 
and 

(3) Any person to whom the Federal 

Government has conveyed property for 
airport purposes under section 13(g) of 
the Surplus Property Act of 1944, as 
amended. 

Writing or written includes paper doc-

uments that are filed and/or served by 
mail, personal delivery, facsimile, or 
email (as attached PDF files). 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56141, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.5

Separation of functions. 

(a) Proceedings under this part, in-

cluding hearings under subpart F of 
this part, will be prosecuted by an 
agency attorney. 

(b) After issuance of an initial deter-

mination in which the FAA provides 
the opportunity for a hearing, an agen-
cy employee engaged in the perform-
ance of investigative or prosecutorial 
functions in a proceeding under this 
part will not, in that case or a factu-
ally related case, participate or give 
advice in an initial decision by the 
hearing officer, or a final decision by 
the Associate Administrator or des-
ignee on written appeal, and will not, 
except as counsel or as witness in the 
public proceedings, engage in any sub-
stantive communication regarding that 
case or a related case with the hearing 
officer, the Associate Administrator on 
written appeal, or agency employees 
advising those officials in that capac-
ity. 

(c) The Chief Counsel, the Assistant 

Chief Counsel for Litigation, or an at-
torney on the staff of the Assistant 
Chief Counsel for Litigation advises 
the Associate Administrator regarding 
an initial decision, an appeal, or a final 
decision regarding any case brought 
under this part. 

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14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 16.11 

Subpart B—General Rules Appli-

cable to Complaints, Pro-
ceedings Initiated by the FAA, 
and Appeals 

§ 16.11

General processes. 

(a) Under the authority of 49 U.S.C. 

40113 and 47121, the Director may con-
duct investigations, issue orders, and 
take such other actions as are nec-
essary to fulfill the purposes of this 
part. This includes the extension of 
any time period prescribed, where nec-
essary or appropriate for a fair and 
complete consideration of matters be-
fore the agency, prior to issuance of 
the Director’s Determination. 

(b) Notwithstanding any other provi-

sion of this part, upon finding that cir-
cumstances require expedited handling 
of a particular case or controversy, the 
Director may issue an order directing 
any of the following prior to the 
issuance of the Director’s Determina-
tion: 

(1) Shortening the time period for 

any action under this part consistent 
with due process; 

(2) If other adequate opportunity to 

respond to pleadings is available, 
eliminating the reply, rebuttal, or 
other actions prescribed by this part; 

(3) Designating alternative methods 

of service; or 

(4) Directing such other measures as 

may be required. 

(c) Other than those matters con-

cerning a Corrective Action Plan, the 
jurisdiction of the Director terminates 
upon the issuance of the Director’s De-
termination. All matters arising dur-
ing the appeal period, such as requests 
for extension of time to make an ap-
peal, will be addressed by the Associate 
Administrator. 

(d) The Director may transfer to the 

FAA Deputy Assistant Administrator 
for Civil Rights or Office of Civil 
Rights designee the authority to pre-
pare and issue Director’s Determina-
tions pursuant to § 16.31 for complaints 
alleging violations of section 505(d) of 
the Airport and Airway Improvement 
Act of 1982, and the requirements con-
cerning civil rights and/or Disadvan-
taged Business Enterprise (DBE) issues 
contained in 49 U.S.C. 47107(e) and 49 
U.S.C. 47113; 49 U.S.C. 47123; 49 U.S.C. 
322, as amended; 49 CFR parts 23 and/or 

26; and/or grant assurance 30 and/or 
grant assurance 37. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56142, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.13

Filing of documents. 

Except as otherwise provided in this 

part, documents shall be filed with the 
FAA during a proceeding under this 
part as follows: 

(a) 

Filing address. Documents filed 

under this Part shall be filed with the 
Office of the Chief Counsel, Attention: 
FAA Part 16 Docket Clerk, AGC–600, 
Federal Aviation Administration, 800 
Independence Avenue SW., Washington, 
DC 20591. Documents to be filed with a 
hearing officer shall be filed at the ad-
dress and in the manner stated in the 
hearing order. 

(b) 

Date and method of filing. Filing of 

any document shall be by personal de-
livery or mail as defined in this part, 
by facsimile (when confirmed by filing 
on the same date by one of the fore-
going methods), or electronically as set 
forth in paragraph (h) of this section. 
Unless the date is shown to be inac-
curate, documents filed with the FAA 
shall be deemed to be filed on the date 
of personal delivery, on the mailing 
date shown on the certificate of serv-
ice, on the date shown on the postmark 
if there is no certificate of service, on 
the send date shown on the facsimile 
(provided filing has been confirmed 
through one of the foregoing methods), 
or on the mailing date shown by other 
evidence if there is no certificate of 
service and no postmark. Unless the 
date is shown to be inaccurate, docu-
ments filed electronically shall be 
deemed to be filed on the date shown 
on the certificate of service or, if none, 
the date of electronic transmission to 
the last party required to be served. 

(c) 

Number of copies. With the excep-

tion of electronic filing or unless oth-
erwise specified, an executed original 
and three copies of each document 
shall be filed with the FAA Part 16 
Docket Clerk. One of the three copies 
shall not be stapled, bound or hole- 
punched. Copies need not be signed, but 
the name of the person signing the 
original shall be shown. If a hearing 
order has been issued in the case, one 
of the three copies shall be filed with 

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Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 16.13 

the hearing officer unless otherwise 
prescribed by the hearing officer. 

(d) 

Form.  Documents filed under this 

part shall: 

(1) Be typewritten or legibly printed; 
(2) Include, in the case of docketed 

proceedings, the docket number of the 
proceeding on the front page; and 

(3) Be marked to identify personal, 

privileged or proprietary information. 
Decisions for the publication and re-
lease of these documents will be made 
in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552 and 49 
CFR part 7. 

(e) 

Signing of documents and other pa-

pers.  The original of every document 
filed shall be signed by the person fil-
ing it or the person’s duly authorized 
representative. The signature shall 
serve as a certification that the signer 
has read the document and, based on 
reasonable inquiry and to the best of 
the signer’s knowledge, information, 
and belief, the document is— 

(1) Consistent with this part; 
(2) Warranted by existing law or that 

a good faith argument exists for exten-
sion, modification, or reversal of exist-
ing law; and 

(3) Not interposed for any improper 

purpose, such as to harass or to cause 
unnecessary delay or needless increase 
in the cost of the administrative proc-
ess. 

(f) 

Designation of person to receive serv-

ice.  The initial document filed by any 
person shall state on the first page the 
name, physical address, telephone 
number, facsimile number, if any, and 
email address, if filing electronically, 
of the person(s) to be served with docu-
ments in the proceeding. If any of these 
items change during the proceeding, 
the person shall promptly file notice of 
the change with the FAA Part 16 Dock-
et Clerk and the hearing officer and 
shall serve the notice on all parties. 

(g) 

Docket numbers. Each submission 

identified as a complaint under this 
part by the submitting person will be 
assigned a docket number. 

(h) 

Electronic filing. (1) The initial 

complaint may be served electronically 
upon the respondent only if the re-
spondent has previously agreed with 
the complainant in writing to partici-
pate in electronic filing. Documents 
may be filed under this Part electroni-
cally by sending an email containing 

(an) attachment(s) of (a) PDF file(s) of 
the required pleading to the FAA 
Docket Clerk, and the person des-
ignated in paragraph (h)(3) of this sec-
tion. 

(2) The subject line of the email must 

contain the names of the complainant 
and respondent, and must contain the 
FAA docket number (if assigned). The 
size of each email must be less than 10 
MB. Email attachments containing 
executable files (e.g., .exe and .vbs 
files) will not be accepted. 

(3) The email address at which the 

parties may file the documents de-
scribed in this section is 

9-AWA-AGC- 

Part-16@faa.gov.  No acknowledgement 
or receipt will be provided by the FAA 
to parties using this method. A party 
filing electronically as described in 
this section must provide to the FAA 
Part 16 Docket Clerk and the opposing 
party an email address of the person 
designated by the party to receive 
pleadings. 

(4) By filing a pleading or document 

electronically as described in this sec-
tion, a party waives the rights under 
this part for service by the opposing 
party and the FAA by methods other 
than email. If a party subsequently de-
cides to ‘‘opt-out’’ of electronic filing, 
that party must so notify the FAA 
Part 16 Docket Clerk and the other 
party in writing, from which time the 
FAA and the parties will begin serving 
the opting-out party in accordance 
with §§ 16.13 and 16.15. This subsection 
only exempts the parties from the fil-
ing and service requirements in 
§ 16.13(a) (with the exception that 
‘‘Documents to be filed with a hearing 
officer shall be filed at the address and 
in the manner stated in the hearing 
order.’’), the method of filing require-
ments in § 16.13(b), and the number of 
documents requirements in § 16.13(c). 

(i) 

Internet accessibility of documents 

filed in the Hearing Docket. (1) Unless 
protected from public disclosure, all 
documents filed in the Hearing Docket 
are accessible through the Federal 
Docket Management System (FDMS): 
http://www.regulations.gov.  To access a 
particular case file, use the FDMS 
number assigned to the case. 

(2) Determinations issued by the Di-

rector and Associate Administrator in 

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14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 16.15 

Part 16 cases, indexes of decisions, con-
tact information for the FAA Hearing 
Docket, the rules of practice, and other 
information are available on the FAA 
Office of Airports’ Web site at: 

http:// 

part16.airports.faa.gov/index.cfm. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56142, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.15

Service of documents on the 

parties and the agency. 

Except as otherwise provided in this 

part, documents shall be served as fol-
lows: 

(a) 

Whom must be served. Copies of all 

documents filed with the FAA Part 16 
Docket Clerk shall be served by the 
persons filing them on all parties to 
the proceeding. A certificate of service 
shall accompany all documents when 
they are tendered for filing and shall 
certify concurrent service on the FAA 
and all parties. Certificates of service 
shall be in substantially the following 
form: 

I hereby certify that I have this day served 

the foregoing [name of document] on the fol-
lowing persons at the following addresses, 
facsimile numbers (if also served by fac-
simile), or email address (if served electroni-
cally in accordance with § 16.13(h)), by [speci-
fy method of service]: 

[list persons, addresses, facsimile numbers, 
email addresses (as applicable)] 

Dated this 

_

day of 

_

, 20

_

[signature], for [party] 

(b) Method of service. Except as oth-

erwise agreed by the parties and, if ap-
plicable, the hearing officer, the meth-
od of service is the same as set forth in 
§ 16.13(b) for filing documents. 

(c) 

Where service shall be made. Serv-

ice shall be made to the persons identi-
fied in accordance with § 16.13(f). If no 
such person has been designated, serv-
ice shall be made on the party. 

(d) 

Presumption of service. There shall 

be a presumption of lawful service— 

(1) When acknowledgment of receipt 

is by a person who customarily or in 
the ordinary course of business re-
ceives mail at the address of the party 
or of the person designated under 
§ 16.13(f); 

(2) When a properly addressed enve-

lope, sent to the most current address 
submitted under § 16.13(f), has been re-

turned as undeliverable, unclaimed, or 
refused; or 

(3) When the party serving the docu-

ment electronically has a confirmation 
statement demonstrating that the 
email was properly sent to a party cor-
rectly addressed. 

(e) 

Date of service. The date of service 

shall be determined in the same man-
ner as the filing date under § 16.13(b). 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56143, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.17

Computation of time. 

This section applies to any period of 

time prescribed or allowed by this part, 
by notice or order of the hearing offi-
cer, or by an applicable statute. 

(a) The date of an act, event, or de-

fault, after which a designated time pe-
riod begins to run, is not included in a 
computation of time under this part. 

(b) The last day of a time period is 

included in a computation of time un-
less it is a Saturday, Sunday, or legal 
holiday for the FAA, in which case, the 
time period runs until the end of the 
next day that is not a Saturday, Sun-
day, or legal holiday. 

(c) Whenever a party has the right or 

is required to do some act within a pre-
scribed period after service of a docu-
ment upon the party, and the docu-
ment is served on the party by first 
class mail or certified mail, 5 days 
shall be added to the prescribed period. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56143, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.19

Motions. 

(a) 

General.  An application for an 

order or ruling not otherwise specifi-
cally provided for in this part shall be 
by motion. Unless otherwise ordered by 
the agency, the filing of a motion will 
not stay the date that any action is 
permitted or required by this part. 

(b) 

Form and contents. Unless made 

during a hearing, motions shall be 
made in writing, shall state with par-
ticularity the relief sought and the 
grounds for the relief sought, and shall 
be accompanied by affidavits or other 
evidence relied upon. Motions intro-
duced during hearings may be made 
orally on the record, unless the hearing 
officer directs otherwise. 

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99 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 16.23 

(c) 

Answers to motions. Except as oth-

erwise provided in this part, or except 
when a motion is made during a hear-
ing, any party may file an answer in 
support of or in opposition to a motion, 
accompanied by affidavits or other evi-
dence relied upon, provided that the 
answer to the motion is filed within 10 
days after the motion has been served 
upon the person answering, or any 
other period set by the hearing officer. 
Where a motion is made during a hear-
ing, the answer and the ruling thereon 
may be made at the hearing, or orally 
or in writing within the time set by the 
hearing officer. 

(d) 

Deferred actions on motions. A rul-

ing on a motion made before the time 
set for the issuance of the Director’s 
Determination may be deferred to and 
included with the Director’s Deter-
mination. 

(e) 

Extension by motion. A party shall 

file a written motion for an extension 
of time not later than 3 business days 
before the document is due unless good 
cause for the late filing is shown. A 
party filing a motion for extension 
should attempt to obtain the concur-
rence of the opposing party. A party 
filing a written motion for an exten-
sion of time shall file the motion as re-
quired under § 16.13, and serve a copy of 
the motion on all parties and the dock-
et clerk as required under § 16.15. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56143, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

Subpart C—Special Rules 

Applicable to Complaints 

§ 16.21

Pre-complaint resolution. 

(a) Except for those persons filing 

under 49 CFR 26.105(c), prior to filing a 
complaint under this part, a person di-
rectly and substantially affected by the 
alleged noncompliance shall initiate 
and engage in good faith efforts to re-
solve the disputed matter informally 
with those individuals or entities be-
lieved responsible for the noncompli-
ance. These efforts at informal resolu-
tion may include, without limitation, 
at the parties’ expense, mediation, ar-
bitration, or the use of a dispute reso-
lution board, or other form of third 
party assistance. The FAA Airports 
District Office, FAA Airports Field Of-

fice, FAA Regional Airports Division 
responsible for administering financial 
assistance to the sponsor, or the FAA 
Office of Civil Rights will be available 
upon request to assist the parties with 
informal resolution. 

(b) Except for complaints filed under 

49 CFR 26.105(c), a complaint will be 
dismissed under § 16.27 unless the per-
son or authorized representative filing 
the complaint certifies that: 

(1) The complainant has made sub-

stantial and reasonable good faith ef-
forts to resolve the disputed matter in-
formally prior to filing the complaint; 
and 

(2) There is no reasonable prospect 

for practical and timely resolution of 
the dispute. 

(c) The certification required under 

paragraph (b) of this section, shall in-
clude a brief description of the party’s 
efforts to obtain informal resolution 
but shall not include information on 
monetary or other settlement offers 
made but not agreed upon in writing by 
all parties. Such efforts to resolve in-
formally should be relatively recent 
and be demonstrated by pertinent doc-
umentation. There is no required form 
or process for informal resolution, but 
in each case the requirements to re-
solve the matter informally must meet 
the requirements of this paragraph. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56143, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.23

Pleadings. 

(a) A person directly and substan-

tially affected by any alleged non-
compliance or a person qualified under 
49 CFR 26.105(c) may file a complaint 
under this part. A person doing busi-
ness with an airport and paying fees or 
rentals to the airport shall be consid-
ered directly and substantially affected 
by alleged revenue diversion as defined 
in 49 U.S.C. 47107(b). 

(b) Complaints filed under this part 

shall— 

(1) State the name and address of 

each person who is the subject of the 
complaint and, with respect to each 
person, the specific provisions of each 
Act that the complainant believes were 
violated; 

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100 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 16.25 

(2) Include all documents then avail-

able in the exercise of reasonable dili-
gence, to be offered in support of the 
complaint, and to be served upon all 
persons named in the complaint as per-
sons responsible for the alleged ac-
tion(s) or omission(s) upon which the 
complaint is based; 

(3) Provide a concise but complete 

statement of the facts relied upon to 
substantiate each allegation; and 

(4) Except for complaints filed under 

49 CFR 26.105(c), describe how the com-
plainant was directly and substantially 
affected by the things done or omitted 
to be done by the respondents. 

(c) Unless the complaint is dismissed 

pursuant to § 16.25 or § 16.27, the FAA 
notifies the complainant and respond-
ent in writing within 20 days after the 
date the FAA receives the complaint 
that the complaint has been docketed. 

(d) The respondent shall file an an-

swer within 20 days of the date of serv-
ice of the FAA notification or, if a mo-
tion is filed under § 16.26, within 20 days 
of the date of service of an FAA order 
denying all or part of that motion. 

(e) The complainant may file a reply 

within 10 days of the date of service of 
the answer. 

(f) The respondent may file a rebuttal 

within 10 days of the date of service of 
the complainant’s reply. 

(g) The answer, reply, and rebuttal 

shall, like the complaint, be accom-
panied by supporting documentation 
upon which the parties rely. 

(h) The answer shall deny or admit 

the allegations made in the complaint 
or state that the person filing the doc-
ument is without sufficient knowledge 
or information to admit or deny an al-
legation, and shall assert any affirma-
tive defense. 

(i) The answer, reply, and rebuttal 

shall each contain a concise but com-
plete statement of the facts relied upon 
to substantiate the answers, admis-
sions, denials, or averments made. 

(j) Amendments or supplements to 

the pleadings described in this section 
will not be allowed without showing 
good cause through a motion and sup-
porting documents. 

(k) 

Burden of proof. Except as used in 

subpart F of this part, 

(1) The burden of proof is on the com-

plainant to show noncompliance with 

an Act or any regulation, order, agree-
ment or document of conveyance 
issued under the authority of an Act. 

(2) Except as otherwise provided by 

statute or rule, the proponent of a mo-
tion, request, or order has the burden 
of proof. 

(3) A party who has asserted an af-

firmative defense has the burden of 
proving the affirmative defense. 

(l) Except for good cause shown 

through motion and supporting docu-
ments, discovery is not permitted ex-
cept as provided in §§ 16.213 and 16.215. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56143, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.25

Dismissals. 

(a) Within 20 days after the receipt of 

the complaint, unless a motion has 
been filed under § 16.26, the Director 
will dismiss a complaint, or any claim 
made in a complaint, with prejudice if: 

(1) It appears on its face to be outside 

the jurisdiction of the Administrator 
under the Acts listed in § 16.1; 

(2) On its face it does not state a 

claim that warrants an investigation 
or further action by the FAA; or 

(3) The complainant lacks standing 

to file a complaint under §§ 16.3 and 
16.23. 

(b) A dismissal under this section 

will include the reasons for the dis-
missal. 

[Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56144, Sept. 12, 2013] 

§ 16.26

Motions to dismiss and motions 

for summary judgment. 

(a) In lieu of an answer, the respond-

ent may file a motion to dismiss the 
complaint or a motion for summary 
judgment on the complaint. The re-
spondent may move for dismissal of the 
entire complaint or move for dismissal 
of particular issues from adjudication. 
The motion must be filed within 20 
days after the date of service of the 
FAA notification of docketing. 

(b) 

Motions to dismiss. (1) A motion to 

dismiss shall be accompanied by a con-
cise statement of the reasons for seek-
ing dismissal. The respondent must 
show that the complaint should be dis-
missed, with prejudice, if: 

(i) It appears on its face to be outside 

the jurisdiction of the Administrator 
under the Acts listed in § 16.1; 

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101 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 16.29 

(ii) On its face it does not state a 

claim that warrants an investigation 
or further action by the FAA; or 

(iii) The complainant lacks standing 

to file a complaint under §§ 16.3 and 
16.23. 

(2) A motion to dismiss may seek dis-

missal of the entire complaint or the 
dismissal of specified claims in the 
complaint. A motion to dismiss shall 
be accompanied by a supporting memo-
randum of points and authorities. 

(3) A complainant may file an answer 

to the motion to dismiss within 10 days 
of the date the motion is served on the 
complainant, or within any other pe-
riod set by the Director. The answer 
shall be accompanied by a concise 
statement of reasons for opposing dis-
missal, and may be accompanied by af-
fidavits and other documentary evi-
dence in support of that contention. 

(4) Within 30 days of the date an an-

swer to a motion to dismiss is due 
under this section, the Director may 
issue an order disposing of the motion. 
If the Director denies the motion to 
dismiss in whole or in part, or grants 
the motion in part, then within 20 days 
of when the order is served on the re-
spondent, the respondent shall file an 
answer to the complaint. 

(5) If the Director does not act on the 

motion to dismiss within 30 days of the 
date an answer to a motion is due 
under this section, the respondent shall 
file an answer to the complaint within 
the next 20 days. 

(c) 

Motions for summary judgment. (1) 

A motion for summary judgment may 
be based upon the ground that there is 
no genuine issue of material fact for 
adjudication and that the complaint, 
when viewed in the light most favor-
able to the complainant, should be 
summarily adjudicated in favor of the 
respondent as a matter of law. A mo-
tion for summary judgment may seek 
dismissal of the entire complaint or 
dismissal of specified claims or issues 
in the complaint. 

(2) The motion for summary judg-

ment shall be accompanied by a con-
cise statement of the material facts as 
to which the respondent contends there 
is no genuine issue of material fact. 
The motion may include affidavits and 
documentary evidence in support of the 

contention that there is no genuine 
issue of material fact in dispute. 

(3) A complainant may file an answer 

to the motion for summary judgment 
within 10 days of the date the motion is 
served on the complainant, or within 
any other period set by the Director. 
The answer shall be accompanied by a 
concise statement of the material facts 
as to which the complainant contends 
there is a genuine issue, and may be ac-
companied by affidavits and other doc-
umentary evidence in support of that 
contention. 

(4) Within 30 days of the date an an-

swer to a motion for summary judg-
ment is due under this section, the Di-
rector may issue an order disposing of 
the motion. If the Director denies the 
motion in whole or in part, or grants 
the motion in part, then within 20 days 
of when the order is served on the re-
spondent, the respondent shall file an 
answer to the complaint. 

(5) If the Director does not act on the 

motion for summary judgment within 
30 days of the date an answer to a mo-
tion is due under this section, the re-
spondent shall file an answer to the 
complaint within the next 20 days. 

[Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56144, Sept. 12, 2013] 

§ 16.27

Incomplete complaints. 

(a) If a complaint is not dismissed 

pursuant to § 16.25, but is deficient as to 
one or more of the requirements set 
forth in § 16.21 or § 16.23(b), the Director 
will dismiss the complaint within 20 
days after receiving it. Dismissal will 
be without prejudice to the refiling of 
the complaint after amendment to cor-
rect the deficiencies. The Director’s 
dismissal will include the reasons for 
the dismissal. 

(b) Dismissals under this section are 

not initial determinations, and appeals 
from decisions under this section will 
not be permitted. 

[Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56144, Sept. 12, 2013] 

§ 16.29

Investigations. 

(a) If, based on the pleadings, there 

appears to be a reasonable basis for fur-
ther investigation, the FAA inves-
tigates the subject matter of the com-
plaint. 

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102 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 16.31 

(b) The investigation may include 

one or more of the following, at the 
sole discretion of the FAA: 

(1) A review of the written submis-

sions or pleadings of the parties, as 
supplemented by any informal inves-
tigation the FAA considers necessary 
and by additional information fur-
nished by the parties at FAA request. 
In rendering its initial determination, 
the FAA may rely entirely on the com-
plaint and the responsive pleadings 
provided under this subpart. Each 
party shall file documents that it con-
siders sufficient to present all relevant 
facts and argument necessary for the 
FAA to determine whether the sponsor 
is in compliance. 

(2) Obtaining additional oral and doc-

umentary evidence by use of the agen-
cy’s authority to compel production of 
such evidence under 49 U.S.C. 40113 and 
46104, and 49 U.S.C. 47122. The Adminis-
trator’s statutory authority to issue 
compulsory process has been delegated 
to the Chief Counsel, the Deputy Chief 
Counsel, the Assistant Chief Counsel 
for Airports and Environmental Law, 
and each Assistant Chief Counsel for a 
region or center. 

(3) Conducting or requiring that a 

sponsor conduct an audit of airport fi-
nancial records and transactions as 
provided in 49 U.S.C. 47107 and 47121. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1 78 FR 56145, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.31

Director’s Determinations after 

investigations. 

(a) After consideration of the plead-

ings and other information obtained by 
the FAA after investigation, the Direc-
tor will render an initial determination 
and serve it upon each party within 120 
days of the date the last pleading speci-
fied in § 16.23 was due. 

(b)(1) The Director’s Determination 

shall include findings of fact and con-
clusions of law, accompanied by expla-
nations and based upon all material 
issues of fact, credibility of the evi-
dence, law and discretion presented on 
the record, together with a statement 
of the reasons therefor. 

(2) The Director shall issue a deter-

mination or rule in a party’s favor only 
if the determination or ruling is in ac-
cordance with law and supported by a 

preponderance of the reliable, pro-
bative, and substantial evidence con-
tained in the record. 

(c) A party adversely affected by the 

Director’s Determination may appeal 
the initial determination as provided 
in § 16.33. However, if the Director’s De-
termination that is appealed contains a 
Corrective Action Plan, the Director 
has the discretion to suspend the Cor-
rective Action Plan until the appeal is 
resolved. 

(d) If the Director’s Determination 

finds the respondent in noncompliance 
and proposes the issuance of a compli-
ance order, the initial determination 
will include notice of opportunity for a 
hearing under subpart F of this part if 
a hearing is required by statute or oth-
erwise provided by the FAA. A hearing 
may be required by statute if the FAA 
determination would terminate eligi-
bility for grants under 49 U.S.C. 
47114(c) or (e), or terminate payments 
on a grant agreement under 49 U.S.C. 
subchapter 471. The respondent may 
elect or waive a hearing, as provided in 
subpart E of this part. 

(e) The Director will not consider re-

quests for rehearing, reargument, re-
consideration, or modification of a Di-
rector’s Determination without a find-
ing of good cause. 

[Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56145, Sept. 12, 2013] 

§ 16.33

Final decisions without hear-

ing. 

(a) The Associate Administrator may 

transfer to the FAA Assistant Adminis-
trator for Civil Rights the responsi-
bility to prepare and issue Final Agen-
cy Decisions pursuant to this section 
for appeals with issues concerning civil 
rights. 

(b) The Associate Administrator will 

issue a final decision on appeal from 
the Director’s Determination, without 
a hearing, where— 

(1) The complaint is dismissed after 

investigation; 

(2) A hearing is not required by stat-

ute and is not otherwise made avail-
able by the FAA; or 

(3) The FAA provides opportunity for 

a hearing to the respondent and the re-
spondent waives the opportunity for a 
hearing as provided in subpart E of this 
part. 

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103 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 16.103 

(c) In the cases described in para-

graph (b) of this section, within 30 days 
after the date of service of the initial 
determination, a party adversely af-
fected by the Director’s Determination 
may file in accordance with § 16.13 and 
serve in accordance with § 16.15 a simul-
taneous Notice of Appeal and Brief. 

(d) A reply to an appeal brief may be 

filed within 20 days after the date of 
service of the appeal. 

(e) On appeal, the Associate Adminis-

trator will consider the issues ad-
dressed in any order on a motion to 
dismiss or motion for summary judg-
ment and any issues accepted in the 
Director’s Determination using the fol-
lowing analysis: 

(1) Are the findings of fact each sup-

ported by a preponderance of reliable, 
probative, and substantial evidence 
contained in the record? 

(2) Are conclusions made in accord-

ance with law, precedent and policy? 

(3) Are the questions on appeal sub-

stantial? 

(4) Have any prejudicial errors oc-

curred? 

(f) Any new issues or evidence pre-

sented in an appeal or reply will not be 
considered unless accompanied by a pe-
tition and good cause found as to why 
the new issue or evidence was not pre-
sented to the Director. Such a petition 
must: 

(1) Set forth the new matter; 
(2) Contain affidavits of prospective 

witnesses, authenticated documents, or 
both, or an explanation of why such 
substantiation is unavailable; and 

(3) Contain a statement explaining 

why such new issue or evidence could 
not have been discovered in the exer-
cise of due diligence prior to the date 
on which the evidentiary record closed. 

(g) The Associate Administrator will 

issue a final decision and order within 
60 days after the due date of the reply. 

(h) If no appeal is filed within the 

time period specified in paragraph (c) 
of this section, the Director’s Deter-
mination becomes the final decision 
and order of the FAA without further 
action. A Director’s Determination 
that becomes final, because there is no 
administrative appeal, is not judicially 
reviewable. 

(i) No requests for rehearing, reargu-

ment, reconsideration, or modification 

of a final order will be considered with-
out a finding of good cause. 

[Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56145, Sept. 12, 2013] 

§ 16.34

Consent orders. 

(a) The parties may agree at any 

time before the issuance of a final 
agency decision to dispose of the case 
by proposing a consent order. Good 
faith efforts to resolve a complaint 
through issuance of a consent order 
may continue throughout the adminis-
trative process. However, except as 
provided in § 16.11(a), such efforts may 
not serve as the basis for extensions of 
the times set forth in this part. 

(b) A proposal for a consent order, 

specified in paragraph (a) of this sec-
tion, shall include: 

(1) A proposed consent order; 
(2) An admission of all jurisdictional 

facts; and 

(3) An express waiver of the right to 

further procedural steps and of all 
rights of judicial review. 

(c) If the parties agree to dispose of a 

case by issuance of a consent order be-
fore the FAA issues a Director’s Deter-
mination, the proposal for a consent 
order is submitted jointly by the par-
ties to the Director, together with a re-
quest to adopt the consent order and 
dismiss the case. The Director may 
issue the consent order as an order of 
the FAA and terminate the proceeding. 

[Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56145, Sept. 12, 2013] 

Subpart D—Special Rules Applica-

ble to Proceedings Initiated 
by the FAA 

§ 16.101

Basis for the initiation of 

agency action. 

The FAA may initiate its own inves-

tigation of any matter within the ap-
plicability of this part without having 
received a complaint. The investiga-
tion may include, without limitation, 
any of the actions described in 
§ 16.29(b). 

§ 16.103

Notice of investigation. 

Following the initiation of an inves-

tigation under § 16.101, the FAA sends a 
notice to the person(s) subject to inves-
tigation. The notice will set forth the 
areas of the agency’s concern and the 
reasons therefor; request a response to 

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14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 16.105 

the notice within 30 days of the date of 
service; and inform the respondent that 
the FAA will, in its discretion, invite 
good faith efforts to resolve the mat-
ter. 

§ 16.105

Failure to resolve informally. 

If the matters addressed in the FAA 

notices are not resolved informally, the 
FAA may issue a Director’s Determina-
tion under § 16.31. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56146, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

Subpart E—Proposed Orders of 

Compliance 

§ 16.109

Orders terminating eligibility 

for grants, cease and desist orders, 
and other compliance orders. 

(a) The agency will provide the op-

portunity for a hearing if, in the Direc-
tor’s determination, the agency issues 
or proposes to issue an order termi-
nating eligibility for grants pursuant 
to 49 U.S.C. 47106(d), an order sus-
pending the payment of grant funds 
pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 47111(d); an order 
withholding approval of any new appli-
cation to impose a passenger facility 
charge pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 47111(e); a 
cease and desist order; an order direct-
ing the refund of fees unlawfully col-
lected; or any other compliance order 
issued by the Administrator to carry 
out the provisions of the Acts, and re-
quired to be issued after notice and op-
portunity for a hearing. In cases in 
which a hearing is not required by stat-
ute, the FAA may provide opportunity 
for a hearing at its discretion. 

(b) In a case in which the agency pro-

vides the opportunity for a hearing, the 
Director’s Determination issued under 
§ 16.31 will include a statement of the 
availability of a hearing under subpart 
F of this part. 

(1) Within 20 days after service of a 

Director’s Determination under § 16.31 
that provides an opportunity for a 
hearing a person subject to the pro-
posed compliance order may— 

(i) Request a hearing under subpart F 

of this part; 

(ii) Waive hearing and appeal the Di-

rector’s Determination in writing, as 
provided in § 16.33; 

(iii) File, jointly with a complainant, 

a motion to withdraw the complaint 
and to dismiss the proposed compliance 
action; or 

(iv) Submit, jointly with the agency, 

a proposed consent order under 
§ 16.34(c). 

(2) If the respondent fails to file an 

appeal in writing within the time peri-
ods provided in paragraph (c) of this 
section, the Director’s Determination 
becomes final. 

(c) The Director may either direct 

the respondent to submit a Corrective 
Action Plan or initiate proceedings to 
revoke and/or deny the respondent’s 
application for Airport Improvement 
Program discretionary grants under 49 
U.S.C. 47115 and general aviation air-
port grants under 49 U.S.C. 47114(d) 
when a Director’s Determination finds 
a respondent in noncompliance and 
does not provide for a hearing. 

(d) In the event that the respondent 

fails to submit, in accordance with a 
Director’s Determination, a Corrective 
Action Plan acceptable to the FAA 
within the time provided, unless ex-
tended by the FAA for good cause, and/ 
or if the respondent fails to complete 
the Corrective Action Plan as specified 
therein, the Director may initiate ac-
tion to revoke and/or deny applications 
for Airport Improvement Program dis-
cretionary grants under 49 U.S.C. 47115 
and general aviation airport grants 
under 49 U.S.C. 47114(d). 

(e) For those violations that cannot 

be remedied through corrective action, 
the Director may initiate action to re-
voke and/or deny the respondent’s ap-
plications for Airport Improvement 
Program discretionary grants under 49 
U.S.C. 47115 and general aviation air-
port grants under 49 U.S.C. 47114(d). 

(f) When the Director concludes that 

the respondent has fully complied with 
the Corrective Action Plan and/or when 
the Director determines that the re-
spondent has corrected the areas of 
noncompliance, the Director will ter-
minate the proceeding. 

(g) A complainant’s standing termi-

nates upon the issuance of a Director’s 
Determination that finds a respondent 
in noncompliance on all identified 
issues. The complainant may not ap-
peal the Director’s Determination if 

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105 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 16.207 

the Director finds noncompliance on 
all identified issues. 

[Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56146, Sept. 12, 2013] 

Subpart F—Hearings 

§ 16.201

Notice and order of hearing. 

(a) If a respondent is provided the op-

portunity for hearing in an initial de-
termination and does not waive hear-
ing, the Deputy Chief Counsel within 10 
days after the respondent elects a hear-
ing will issue and serve on the respond-
ent and complainant a hearing order. 
The hearing order will set forth: 

(1) The allegations in the complaint, 

or notice of investigation, and the 
chronology and results of the inves-
tigation preliminary to the hearing; 

(2) The relevant statutory, judicial, 

regulatory, and other authorities; 

(3) The issues to be decided; 
(4) Such rules of procedure as may be 

necessary to supplement the provisions 
of this part; 

(5) The name and address of the per-

son designated as hearing officer, and 
the assignment of authority to the 
hearing officer to conduct the hearing 
in accordance with the procedures set 
forth in this part; and 

(6) The date by which the hearing of-

ficer is directed to issue an initial deci-
sion. 

(b) Where there are no genuine issues 

of material fact requiring oral exam-
ination of witnesses, the hearing order 
may contain a direction to the hearing 
officer to conduct a hearing by submis-
sion of briefs and oral argument with-
out the presentation of testimony or 
other evidence. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56146, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.202

Powers of a hearing officer. 

In accordance with the rules of this 

subpart, a hearing officer may: 

(a) Give notice of, and hold, pre-

hearing conferences and hearings; 

(b) Administer oaths and affirma-

tions; 

(c) Issue subpoenas authorized by law 

and issue notices of deposition re-
quested by the parties; 

(d) Limit the frequency and extent of 

discovery; 

(e) Rule on offers of proof; 
(f) Receive relevant and material evi-

dence; 

(g) Regulate the course of the hear-

ing in accordance with the rules of this 
part to avoid unnecessary and duplica-
tive proceedings in the interest of 
prompt and fair resolution of the mat-
ters at issue; 

(h) Hold conferences to settle or to 

simplify the issues by consent of the 
parties; 

(i) Dispose of procedural motions and 

requests; 

(j) Examine witnesses; and 
(k) Make findings of fact and conclu-

sions of law, and issue an initial deci-
sion. 

§ 16.203

Appearances, parties, and 

rights of parties. 

(a) 

Appearances.  Any party may ap-

pear and be heard in person. 

(1) Any party may be accompanied, 

represented, or advised by an attorney 
licensed by a State, the District of Co-
lumbia, or a territory of the United 
States to practice law or appear before 
the courts of that State or territory, or 
by another person authorized by the 
hearing officer to be the party’s rep-
resentative. 

(2) An attorney, or other duly author-

ized representative, who represents a 
party shall file a notice of appearance 
in accordance with § 16.13. 

(b) 

Parties and agency participation. (1) 

The parties to the hearing are the com-
plainant(s) and respondent(s) named in 
the hearing order, and the agency. The 
style of any pleadings filed under this 
Subpart shall name the respondent as 
the Appellant, and the Federal Avia-
tion Administration as the Agency. 

(2) Unless otherwise specified in the 

hearing order, the agency attorney will 
serve as prosecutor for the agency from 
the date of issuance of the Director’s 
Determination providing an oppor-
tunity for hearing. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56146, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.207

Intervention and other par-

ticipation. 

(a) Intervention and participation by 

other persons are permitted only at the 
hearing stage of the complaint process 

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106 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 16.209 

and with the written approval of the 
hearing officer. 

(b) A person may submit a written 

motion for leave to intervene as a 
party. Except for good cause shown, a 
motion for leave to intervene shall be 
submitted not later than 10 days after 
the notice of hearing and hearing 
order. 

(c) If the hearing officer finds that 

intervention will not unduly broaden 
the issues or delay the proceedings and, 
if the person has an interest that will 
benefit the proceedings, the hearing of-
ficer may grant a motion for leave to 
intervene. The hearing officer may de-
termine the extent to which an inter-
venor may participate in the pro-
ceedings. 

(d) Other persons may petition the 

hearing officer for leave to participate 
in the hearing. Participation is limited 
to the filing of a posthearing brief and 
reply to the hearing officer and the As-
sociate Administrator. Such a brief 
shall be filed and served on all parties 
in the same manner as the parties’ 
posthearing briefs are filed. 

(e) Participation under this section is 

at the discretion of the hearing officer, 
and no decision permitting participa-
tion shall be deemed to constitute an 
expression that the participant has 
such a substantial interest in the pro-
ceeding as would entitle it to judicial 
review of such decision. 

[Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56146, Sept. 12, 2013] 

§ 16.209

Extension of time. 

(a) 

Extension by oral agreement. The 

parties may agree to extend for a rea-
sonable period of time for filing a docu-
ment under this part. If the parties 
agree, the hearing officer shall grant 
one extension of time to each party. 
The party seeking the extension of 
time shall submit a draft order to the 
hearing officer to be signed by the 
hearing officer and filed with the hear-
ing docket. The hearing officer may 
grant additional oral requests for an 
extension of time where the parties 
agree to the extension. 

(b) 

Extension by motion. A party shall 

file a written motion for an extension 
of time with the hearing officer not 
later than 7 days before the document 
is due unless good cause for the late fil-
ing is shown. A party filing a written 

motion for an extension of time shall 
serve a copy of the motion on each 
party. 

(c) 

Failure to rule. If the hearing offi-

cer fails to rule on a written motion for 
an extension of time by the date the 
document was due, the motion for an 
extension of time is deemed denied. 

(d) 

Effect on time limits. In a hearing 

required by section 519(b) of the Air-
port and Airways Improvement Act, as 
amended in 1987, 49 U.S.C. 47106(e) and 
47111(d), the due date for the hearing 
officer’s initial decision and for the 
final agency decision are extended by 
the length of the extension granted by 
the hearing officer only if the hearing 
officer grants an extension of time as a 
result of an agreement by the parties 
as specified in paragraph (a) of this sec-
tion or, if the hearing officer grants an 
extension of time as a result of the 
sponsor’s failure to adhere to the hear-
ing schedule. In any other hearing, an 
extension of time granted by the hear-
ing officer for any reason extends the 
due date for the hearing officer’s ini-
tial decision and for the final agency 
decision by the length of time of the 
hearing officer’s decision. 

§ 16.211

Prehearing conference. 

(a) 

Prehearing conference notice. The 

hearing officer schedules a prehearing 
conference and serves a prehearing con-
ference notice on the parties promptly 
after being designated as a hearing of-
ficer. 

(1) The prehearing conference notice 

specifies the date, time, place, and 
manner (in person or by telephone) of 
the prehearing conference. 

(2) The prehearing conference notice 

may direct the parties to exchange pro-
posed witness lists, requests for evi-
dence and the production of documents 
in the possession of another party, re-
sponses to interrogatories, admissions, 
proposed procedural schedules, and pro-
posed stipulations before the date of 
the prehearing conference. 

(b) 

The prehearing conference. The pre-

hearing conference is conducted by 
telephone or in person, at the hearing 
officer’s discretion. The prehearing 
conference addresses matters raised in 
the prehearing conference notice and 

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107 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 16.215 

such other matters as the hearing offi-
cer determines will assist in a prompt, 
full and fair hearing of the issues. 

(c) 

Prehearing conference report. At 

the close of the prehearing conference, 
the hearing officer rules on any re-
quests for evidence and the production 
of documents in the possession of other 
parties, responses to interrogatories, 
and admissions; on any requests for 
depositions; on any proposed stipula-
tions; and on any pending applications 
for subpoenas as permitted by § 16.219. 
In addition, the hearing officer estab-
lishes the schedule, which shall provide 
for the issuance of an initial decision 
not later than 110 days after issuance 
of the Director’s Determination order 
unless otherwise provided in the hear-
ing order. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56147, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.213

Discovery. 

(a) Discovery is limited to requests 

for admissions, requests for production 
of documents, interrogatories, and 
depositions as authorized by § 16.215. 

(b) The hearing officer shall limit the 

frequency and extent of discovery per-
mitted by this section if a party shows 
that— 

(1) The information requested is cu-

mulative or repetitious; 

(2) The information requested may be 

obtained from another less burdensome 
and more convenient source; 

(3) The party requesting the informa-

tion has had ample opportunity to ob-
tain the information through other dis-
covery methods permitted under this 
section; or 

(4) The method or scope of discovery 

requested by the party is unduly bur-
densome or expensive. 

§ 16.215

Depositions. 

(a) 

General.  For good cause shown, 

the hearing officer may order that the 
testimony of a witness may be taken 
by deposition and that the witness 
produce documentary evidence in con-
nection with such testimony. Gen-
erally, an order to take the deposition 
of a witness is entered only if: 

(1) The person whose deposition is to 

be taken would be unavailable at the 
hearing; 

(2) The deposition is deemed nec-

essary to perpetuate the testimony of 
the witness; or 

(3) The taking of the deposition is 

necessary to prevent undue and exces-
sive expense to a party and will not re-
sult in undue burden to other parties or 
in undue delay. 

(b) 

Application for deposition. Any 

party desiring to take the deposition of 
a witness shall make application there-
for to the hearing officer in writing, 
with a copy of the application served 
on each party. The application shall in-
clude: 

(1) The name and residence of the 

witness; 

(2) The time and place for the taking 

of the proposed deposition; 

(3) The reasons why such deposition 

should be taken; and 

(4) A general description of the mat-

ters concerning which the witness will 
be asked to testify. 

(c) 

Order authorizing deposition. If 

good cause is shown, the hearing offi-
cer, in his or her discretion, issues an 
order authorizing the deposition and 
specifying the name of the witness to 
be deposed, the location and time of 
the deposition and the general scope 
and subject matter of the testimony to 
be taken. 

(d) 

Procedures for deposition. (1) Wit-

nesses whose testimony is taken by 
deposition shall be sworn or shall af-
firm before any questions are put to 
them. Each question propounded shall 
be recorded and the answers of the wit-
ness transcribed verbatim. 

(2) Objections to questions or evi-

dence shall be recorded in the tran-
script of the deposition. The inter-
posing of an objection shall not relieve 
the witness of the obligation to answer 
questions, except where the answer 
would violate a privilege. 

(3) The written transcript shall be 

subscribed by the witness, unless the 
parties by stipulation waive the sign-
ing, or the witness is ill, cannot be 
found, or refuses to sign. The reporter 
shall note the reason for failure to 
sign. 

(e) 

Depositions of agency employees. (1) 

Depositions of Agency Employees will 
not be allowed except under the provi-
sions of 49 CFR part 9. 

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108 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 16.217 

(2) Such depositions will be allowed 

only with the specific written permis-
sion of the Chief Counsel or his or her 
designee. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56147, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.217

Witnesses. 

(a) Each party may designate as a 

witness any person who is able and 
willing to give testimony that is rel-
evant and material to the issues in the 
hearing case, subject to the limitation 
set forth in paragraph (b) of this sec-
tion. 

(b) The hearing officer may exclude 

testimony of witnesses that would be 
irrelevant, immaterial, or unduly rep-
etitious. 

(c) Any witness may be accompanied 

by counsel. Counsel representing a 
nonparty witness has no right to exam-
ine the witness or otherwise partici-
pate in the development of testimony. 

§ 16.219

Subpoenas. 

(a) 

Request for subpoena. A party may 

apply to the hearing officer, within the 
time specified for such applications in 
the prehearing conference report, for a 
subpoena to compel testimony at a 
hearing or to require the production of 
documents only from the following per-
sons: 

(1) Another party; 
(2) An officer, employee, or agent of 

another party; 

(3) Any other person named in the 

complaint as participating in or bene-
fiting from the actions of the respond-
ent alleged to have violated any Act; 

(4) An officer, employee, or agent of 

any other person named in the com-
plaint as participating in or benefiting 
from the actions of the respondent al-
leged to have violated any Act. 

(b) 

Issuance and service of subpoena. 

(1) The hearing officer issues the sub-
poena if the hearing officer determines 
that the evidence to be obtained by the 
subpoena is relevant and material to 
the resolution of the issues in the case. 

(2) Subpoenas shall be served by per-

sonal service, or upon an agent des-
ignated in writing for the purpose, or 
by certified mail, return receipt ad-
dressed to such person or agent. When-
ever service is made by registered or 

certified mail, the date of mailing shall 
be considered as the time when service 
is made. 

(3) A subpoena issued under this part 

is effective throughout the United 
States or any territory or possession 
thereof. 

(c) 

Motions to quash or modify sub-

poena.  (1) A party or any person upon 
whom a subpoena has been served may 
file a motion to quash or modify the 
subpoena with the hearing officer at or 
before the time specified in the sub-
poena for the filing of such motions. 
The applicant shall describe in detail 
the basis for the application to quash 
or modify the subpoena including, but 
not limited to, a statement that the 
testimony, document, or tangible evi-
dence is not relevant to the proceeding, 
that the subpoena is not reasonably 
tailored to the scope of the proceeding, 
or that the subpoena is unreasonable 
and oppressive. 

(2) A motion to quash or modify the 

subpoena stays the effect of the sub-
poena pending a decision by the hear-
ing officer on the motion. 

§ 16.221

Witness fees. 

(a) The party on whose behalf a wit-

ness appears is responsible for paying 
any witness fees and mileage expenses. 

(b) Except for employees of the 

United States summoned to testify as 
to matters related to their public em-
ployment, witnesses summoned by sub-
poena shall be paid the same fees and 
mileage expenses as are paid to a wit-
ness in a court of the United States in 
comparable circumstances. 

§ 16.223

Evidence. 

(a) 

General.  A party may submit di-

rect and rebuttal evidence in accord-
ance with this section. 

(b) 

Requirement for written testimony 

and evidence. Except in the case of evi-
dence obtained by subpoena, or in the 
case of a special ruling by the hearing 
officer to admit oral testimony, a par-
ty’s direct and rebuttal evidence shall 
be submitted in written form in ad-
vance of the oral hearing pursuant to 
the schedule established in the hearing 
officer’s prehearing conference report. 
Written direct and rebuttal fact testi-
mony shall be certified by the witness 
as true and correct. Subject to the 

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109 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 16.233 

same exception (for evidence obtained 
by subpoena or subject to a special rul-
ing by the hearing officer), oral exam-
ination of a party’s own witness is lim-
ited to certification of the accuracy of 
written evidence, including correction 
and updating, if necessary, and reexam-
ination following cross-examination by 
other parties. 

(c) 

Subpoenaed testimony. Testimony 

of witnesses appearing under subpoena 
may be obtained orally. 

(d) 

Cross-examination.  A party may 

conduct cross-examination that may be 
required for disclosure of the facts, 
subject to control by the hearing offi-
cer for fairness, expedition and exclu-
sion of extraneous matters. 

(e) 

Hearsay evidence. Hearsay evi-

dence is admissible in proceedings gov-
erned by this part. The fact that evi-
dence is hearsay goes to the weight of 
evidence and does not affect its admis-
sibility. 

(f) 

Admission of evidence. The hearing 

officer admits evidence introduced by a 
party in support of its case in accord-
ance with this section, but may ex-
clude irrelevant, immaterial, or unduly 
repetitious evidence. 

(g) 

Expert or opinion witnesses. An em-

ployee of the FAA or DOT may not be 
called as an expert or opinion witness 
for any party other than the agency ex-
cept as provided in Department of 
Transportation regulations at 49 CFR 
part 9. 

§ 16.225

Public disclosure of evidence. 

(a) Except as provided in this section, 

the hearing shall be open to the public. 

(b) The hearing officer may order 

that any information contained in the 
record be withheld from public disclo-
sure. Any person may object to disclo-
sure of information in the record by fil-
ing a written motion to withhold spe-
cific information with the hearing offi-
cer. The person shall state specific 
grounds for nondisclosure in the mo-
tion. 

(c) The hearing officer shall grant the 

motion to withhold information from 
public disclosure if the hearing officer 
determines that disclosure would be in 
violation of the Privacy Act, would re-
veal trade secrets or privileged or con-
fidential commercial or financial infor-

mation, or is otherwise prohibited by 
law. 

§ 16.227

Standard of proof. 

The hearing officer shall issue an ini-

tial decision or rule in a party’s favor 
only if the decision or ruling is in ac-
cordance with law and supported by a 
preponderance of the reliable, pro-
bative, and substantial evidence con-
tained in the record. 

[Amdt. 16–1, as amended at 78 FR 56147, Sept. 
12, 2013] 

§ 16.229

Burden of proof. 

As used in this subpart, the burden of 

proof is as follows: 

(a) The burden of proof of noncompli-

ance with an Act or any regulation, 
order, agreement or document of con-
veyance issued under the authority of 
an Act is on the agency. 

(b) Except as otherwise provided by 

statute or rule, the proponent of a mo-
tion, request, or order has the burden 
of proof. 

(c) A party who has asserted an af-

firmative defense has the burden of 
proving the affirmative defense. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56147, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.231

Offer of proof. 

A party whose evidence has been ex-

cluded by a ruling of the hearing offi-
cer may offer the evidence on the 
record when filing an appeal. 

§ 16.233

Record. 

(a) 

Exclusive record. The transcript of 

all testimony in the hearing, all exhib-
its received into evidence, all motions, 
applications requests and rulings, all 
documents included in the hearing 
record and the Director’s Determina-
tion shall constitute the exclusive 
record for decision in the proceedings 
and the basis for the issuance of any 
orders. 

(b) 

Examination and copy of record. 

copy of the record will be filed by the 
FAA Part 16 Docket Clerk in the Fed-
eral Docket Management System 
(FDMS). Any person desiring to review 
the record may then do so at 

http:// 

www.regulations.gov. 

[Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56147, Sept. 12, 2013] 

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14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 16.235 

§ 16.235

Argument before the hearing 

officer. 

(a) 

Argument during the hearing. Dur-

ing the hearing, the hearing officer 
shall give the parties reasonable oppor-
tunity to present oral argument on the 
record supporting or opposing motions, 
objections, and rulings if the parties 
request an opportunity for argument. 
The hearing officer may direct written 
argument during the hearing if the 
hearing officer finds that submission of 
written arguments would not delay the 
hearing. 

(b) 

Posthearing briefs. The hearing of-

ficer may request or permit the parties 
to submit posthearing briefs. The hear-
ing officer may provide for the filing of 
simultaneous reply briefs as well, if 
such filing will not unduly delay the 
issuance of the hearing officer’s initial 
decision. Posthearing briefs shall in-
clude proposed findings of fact and con-
clusions of law; exceptions to rulings of 
the hearing officer; references to the 
record in support of the findings of 
fact; and supporting arguments for the 
proposed findings, proposed conclu-
sions, and exceptions. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56147, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.237

Waiver of procedures. 

(a) The hearing officer shall waive 

such procedural steps as all parties to 
the hearing agree to waive before 
issuance of an initial decision. 

(b) Consent to a waiver of any proce-

dural step bars the raising of this issue 
on appeal. 

(c) The parties may not by consent 

waive the obligation of the hearing of-
ficer to enter an initial decision on the 
record. 

§ 16.241

Initial decisions, order, and 

appeals. 

(a) The hearing officer shall issue an 

initial decision based on the record de-
veloped during the proceeding and shall 
send the initial decision to the parties 
not later than 110 days after the Direc-
tor’s Determination unless otherwise 
provided in the hearing order. 

(b) Each party adversely affected by 

the hearing officer’s initial decision 
may file an appeal with the Associate 
Administrator within 15 days of the 

date the initial decision is issued. Each 
party may file a reply to an appeal 
within 10 days after it is served on the 
party. Filing and service of appeals and 
replies shall be by personal delivery. 

(c) If an appeal is filed, the Associate 

Administrator reviews the entire 
record and issues a final agency deci-
sion and order within 60 days of the due 
date of the reply. If no appeal is filed, 
the Associate Administrator may take 
review of the case on his or her own 
motion. If the Associate Administrator 
finds that the respondent is not in 
compliance with any Act or any regu-
lation, agreement, or document of con-
veyance issued or made under such 
Act, the final agency order includes, in 
accordance with § 16.245(d), a statement 
of corrective action, if appropriate, and 
identifies sanctions for continued non-
compliance. 

(d) If no appeal is filed, and the Asso-

ciate Administrator does not take re-
view of the initial decision on the Asso-
ciate Administrator’s own motion, the 
initial decision shall take effect as the 
final agency decision and order on the 
sixteenth day after the actual date the 
initial decision is issued. 

(e) The failure to file an appeal is 

deemed a waiver of any rights to seek 
judicial review of an initial decision 
that becomes a final agency decision 
by operation of paragraph (d) of this 
section. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56147, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.243

Consent orders. 

(a) The agency attorney and the re-

spondents may agree at any time be-
fore the issuance of a final decision and 
order to dispose of the case by issuance 
of a consent order. Good faith efforts to 
resolve a complaint through issuance 
of a consent order may continue 
throughout the administrative process. 
Except as provided in § 16.209, such ef-
forts may not serve as the basis for ex-
tensions of the times set forth in this 
part. 

(b) A proposal for a consent order, 

specified in paragraph (a) of this sec-
tion, shall include: 

(1) A proposed consent order; 
(2) An admission of all jurisdictional 

facts; 

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111 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 16.245 

(3) An express waiver of the right to 

further procedural steps and of all 
rights of judicial review; and 

(4) The hearing order, if issued, and 

an acknowledgment that the hearing 
order may be used to construe the 
terms of the consent order. 

(c) If the issuance of a consent order 

has been agreed upon by all parties to 
the hearing, the proposed consent order 
shall be filed with the hearing officer, 
along with a draft order adopting the 
consent decree and dismissing the case, 
for the hearing officer’s adoption. 

(d) The deadline for the hearing offi-

cer’s initial decision and the final 
agency decision is extended by the 
amount of days elapsed between the fil-
ing of the proposed consent order with 
the hearing officer and the issuance of 
the hearing officer’s order continuing 
the hearing. 

(e) If the agency attorney and spon-

sor agree to dispose of a case by 
issuance of a consent order before the 
FAA issues a hearing order, the pro-
posal for a consent order is submitted 
jointly to the official authorized to 
issue a hearing order, together with a 
request to adopt the consent order and 
dismiss the case. The official author-
ized to issue the hearing order issues 
the consent order as an order of the 
FAA and terminates the proceeding. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996, as 
amended at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56147, Sept. 12, 
2013] 

§ 16.245

Associate Administrator re-

view after a hearing. 

(a) The Associate Administrator may 

transfer to the FAA Assistant Adminis-
trator for Civil Rights the authority to 
prepare and issue Final Agency Deci-
sions pursuant to § 16.241 for appeals 
from a hearing concerning civil rights 
issues. 

(b) After a hearing is held, and, after 

considering the issues as set forth in 
§ 16.245(e), if the Associate Adminis-
trator determines that the hearing offi-
cer’s initial decision or order should be 
changed, the Associate Administrator 
may: 

(1) Make any necessary findings and 

issue an order in lieu of the hearing of-
ficer’s initial decision or order, or 

(2) Remand the proceeding for any 

such purpose as the Associate Adminis-
trator may deem necessary. 

(c) If the Associate Administrator 

takes review of the hearing officer’s 
initial decision on the Associate Ad-
ministrator’s own motion, the Asso-
ciate Administrator will issue a notice 
of review within 20 days of the actual 
date the initial decision is issued. 

(1) The notice sets forth the specific 

findings of fact and conclusions of law 
in the initial decision that are subject 
to review by the Associate Adminis-
trator. 

(2) Parties may file one brief on re-

view to the Associate Administrator or 
rely on their posthearing brief to the 
hearing officer. A brief on review shall 
be filed not later than 10 days after 
service of the notice of review. Filing 
and service of a brief on review shall be 
by personal delivery. 

(3) The Associate Administrator 

issues a final agency decision and order 
within 30 days of the due date of the 
brief. If the Associate Administrator 
finds that the respondent is not in 
compliance with any Act or any regu-
lation, agreement or document of con-
veyance issued under such Act, the 
final agency order includes a statement 
of corrective action, if appropriate. 

(d) When the final agency decision 

finds a respondent in noncompliance, 
and where a respondent fails to prop-
erly seek judicial review of the final 
agency decision as set forth in subpart 
G of this part, the Associate Adminis-
trator will issue an order remanding 
the case to the Director for the fol-
lowing action: 

(1) In the event that the respondent 

fails to submit, in accordance with the 
final agency decision, a Corrective Ac-
tion Plan acceptable to the FAA within 
the time provided, unless extended by 
the FAA for good cause, and/or if the 
respondent fails to complete the Cor-
rective Action Plan as specified there-
in, the Director may initiate action to 
revoke and/or deny applications for 
Airport Improvement Program grants 
issued under 49 U.S.C. 47114(c)–(e) and 
47115. When the Director concludes 
that the respondent has fully complied 
with the Corrective Action Plan, the 
Director will issue an Order termi-
nating the proceeding. 

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112 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 16.247 

(2) For those violations that cannot 

be remedied through corrective action, 
the Director may initiate action to re-
voke and/or deny the respondent’s ap-
plications for Airport Improvement 
Program grants issued under 49 U.S.C. 
47114(c)–(e) and 47115. 

(e) On appeal from a hearing officer’s 

initial decision, the Associate Adminis-
trator will consider the following ques-
tions: 

(1) Are the findings of fact each sup-

ported by a preponderance of reliable, 
probative and substantial evidence? 

(2) Are conclusions made in accord-

ance with law, precedent and policy? 

(3) Are the questions on appeal sub-

stantial? 

(4) Have any prejudicial errors oc-

curred? 

(f) Any new issues or evidence pre-

sented in an appeal or reply will not be 
allowed unless accompanied by a cer-
tified petition and good cause found as 
to why the new matter was not pre-
sented to the Director. Such a petition 
must: 

(1) Set forth the new issues or evi-

dence; 

(2) Contain affidavits of prospective 

witnesses, authenticated documents, or 
both, or an explanation of why such 
substantiation is unavailable; and 

(3) Contain a statement explaining 

why such new matter could not have 
been discovered in the exercise of due 
diligence prior to the date on which the 
evidentiary record closed. 

(g) A Final Agency Decision may be 

appealed in accordance with subpart G 
of this part. 

[Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56147, Sept. 12, 2013] 

Subpart G—Judicial Review 

S

OURCE

: Docket No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 

16, 1996, unless otherwise noted. Redesig-
nated by Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56148, Sept. 12, 
2013. 

§ 16.247

Judicial review of a final deci-

sion and order. 

(a) A person may seek judicial re-

view, in a United States Court of Ap-
peals, of a final decision and order of 
the Associate Administrator, and of an 
order of dismissal with prejudice issued 
by the Director, as provided in 49 
U.S.C. 46110 or 49 U.S.C. 47106(d) and 

47111(d). A party seeking judicial re-
view shall file a petition for review 
with the Court not later than 60 days 
after the order has been served on the 
party or within 60 days after the entry 
of an order under 49 U.S.C. 46110. 

(b) The following do not constitute 

final decisions and orders subject to ju-
dicial review: 

(1) An FAA decision to dismiss a 

complaint without prejudice, as set 
forth in § 16.27; 

(2) A Director’s Determination; 
(3) An initial decision issued by a 

hearing officer at the conclusion of a 
hearing; 

(4) A Director’s Determination or an 

initial decision of a hearing officer be-
comes the final decision of the Asso-
ciate Administrator because it was not 
appealed within the applicable time pe-
riods provided under §§ 16.33(c) and 
16.241(b). 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996. Re-
designated and amended by Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 
56148, Sept. 12, 2013] 

Subpart H—Ex Parte 

Communications 

S

OURCE

: Docket No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 

16, 1996, unless otherwise noted. Redesig-
nated at 78 FR 56148, Sept. 12, 2013. 

§ 16.301

Prohibited ex parte commu-

nications. 

(a) The prohibitions of this section 

shall apply from the time a proceeding 
is noticed for hearing unless the person 
responsible for the communication has 
knowledge that it will be noticed, in 
which case the prohibitions shall apply 
at the time of the acquisition of such 
knowledge. 

(b) Except to the extent required for 

the disposition of ex parte matters as 
authorized by law: 

(1) No interested person outside the 

FAA and no FAA employee partici-
pating as a party shall make or know-
ingly cause to be made to any 
decisional employee an ex parte com-
munication relevant to the merits of 
the proceeding; 

(2) No FAA employee shall make or 

knowingly cause to be made to any in-
terested person outside the FAA an ex 
parte communication relevant to the 
merits of the proceeding; or 

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113 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

Pt. 17 

(3) Ex parte communications regard-

ing solely matters of agency procedure 
or practice are not prohibited by this 
section. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996. Re-
designated at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56148, Sept. 
12, 2013] 

§ 16.303

Procedures for handling ex 

parte communications. 

A decisional employee who receives 

or who makes or knowingly causes to 
be made a communication prohibited 
by § 16.303 shall place in the public 
record of the proceeding: 

(a) All such written communications; 
(b) Memoranda stating the substance 

of all such oral communications; and 

(c) All written responses, and memo-

randa stating the substance of all oral 
responses, to the materials described in 
paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996. Re-
designated at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56148, Sept. 
12, 2013] 

§ 16.305

Requirement to show cause 

and imposition of sanction. 

(a) Upon receipt of a communication 

knowingly made or knowingly caused 
to be made by a party in violation of 
§ 16.303, the Associate Administrator or 
his designee or the hearing officer may, 
to the extent consistent with the inter-
ests of justice and the policy of the un-
derlying statutes, require the party to 
show cause why his or her claim or in-
terest in the proceeding should not be 
dismissed, denied, disregarded, or oth-
erwise adversely affected on account of 
such violation. 

(b) The Associate Administrator 

may, to the extent consistent with the 
interests of justice and the policy of 
the underlying statutes administered 
by the FAA, consider a violation of 
this subpart sufficient grounds for a de-
cision adverse to a party who has 
knowingly committed such violation or 
knowingly caused such violation to 
occur. 

[Doc. No. 27783, 61 FR 54004, Oct. 16, 1996. Re-
designated at Amdt. 16–1, 78 FR 56148, Sept. 
12, 2013] 

PART 17—PROCEDURES FOR PRO-

TESTS AND CONTRACT DISPUTES 

Subpart A—General 

Sec. 
17.1

Applicability. 

17.3

Definitions. 

17.5

Delegation of authority. 

17.7

Filing and computation of time. 

17.9

Protective orders. 

Subpart B—Protests 

17.11

Matters not subject to protest. 

17.13

Dispute resolution process for pro-

tests. 

17.15

Filing a protest. 

17.17

Initial protest procedures. 

17.19

Motions practice and dismissal or 

summary decision of protests. 

17.21

Adjudicative Process for protests. 

17.23

Protest remedies. 

Subpart C—Contract Disputes 

17.25

Dispute resolution process for con-

tract disputes. 

17.27

Filing a contract dispute. 

17.29

Informal resolution period. 

17.31

Dismissal or summary decision of con-

tract disputes. 

17.33

Adjudicative Process for contract dis-

putes. 

Subpart D—Alternative Dispute Resolution 

17.35

Use of alternative dispute resolution. 

17.37

Election of alternative dispute resolu-

tion process. 

17.39

Confidentiality of ADR. 

Subpart E—Finality and Review 

17.41

Final orders. 

17.43

Judicial review. 

17.45

Conforming amendments. 

17.47

Reconsideration. 

Subpart F—Other Matters 

17.49

Sanctions. 

17.51

Decorum and professional conduct. 

17.53

Orders and subpoenas for testimony 

and document production. 

17.55

Standing orders of the ODRA director. 

Subpart G—Pre-Disputes 

17.57

Dispute resolution process for Pre-dis-

putes. 

17.59

Filing a Pre-dispute. 

17.61

Use of alternative dispute resolution. 

A

PPENDIX

TO

P

ART

17—A

LTERNATIVE

D

IS

-

PUTE

R

ESOLUTION

(ADR) 

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