title-14-part-23-sec23-1457

176

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)

§ 23.1457

Subpart F—Equipment

23.2500

Airplane level systems require-

ments.

23.2505

Function and installation.

23.2510

Equipment, systems, and installa-

tions.

23.2515

Electrical and electronic system

lightning protection.

23.2520

High-intensity Radiated Fields

(HIRF) protection.

23.2525

System power generation, storage,

and distribution.

23.2530

External and cockpit lighting.

23.2535

Safety equipment.

23.2540

Flight in icing conditions.

23.2545

Pressurized system elements.

23.2550

Equipment containing high-energy

rotors.

Subpart G—Flightcrew Interface and Other

Information

23.2600

Flightcrew interface.

23.2605

Installation and operation.

23.2610

Instrument markings, control mark-

ings, and placards.

23.2615

Flight, navigation, and powerplant

instruments.

23.2620

Airplane flight manual.

PPENDIX

ART

23—I

NSTRUCTIONS FOR

ONTINUED

IRWORTHINESS

UTHORITY

: 49 U.S.C. 106(f), 106(g), 40113,

44701–44702, 44704, Pub. L. 113–53, 127 Stat. 584
(49 U.S.C. 44704) note.

OURCE

: Doc. No. FAA–2015–1621, Amdt. 23–

64, 81 FR 96689, Dec. 30, 2016, unless otherwise
noted.

§ 23.1457

Cockpit voice recorders.

(a) Each cockpit voice recorder re-

quired by the operating rules of this
chapter must be approved and must be
installed so that it will record the fol-
lowing:

(1) Voice communications trans-

mitted from or received in the airplane
by radio.

(2) Voice communications of

flightcrew members on the flight deck.

(3) Voice communications of

flightcrew members on the flight deck,
using the airplane’s interphone system.

(4) Voice or audio signals identifying

navigation or approach aids introduced
into a headset or speaker.

(5) Voice communications of

flightcrew members using the pas-
senger loudspeaker system, if there is
such a system and if the fourth channel
is available in accordance with the re-
quirements of paragraph (c)(4)(ii) of
this section.

(6) If datalink communication equip-

ment is installed, all datalink commu-
nications, using an approved data mes-
sage set. Datalink messages must be
recorded as the output signal from the
communications unit that translates
the signal into usable data.

(b) The recording requirements of

paragraph (a)(2) of this section must be
met by installing a cockpit-mounted
area microphone, located in the best
position for recording voice commu-
nications originating at the first and
second pilot stations and voice commu-
nications of other crewmembers on the
flight deck when directed to those sta-
tions. The microphone must be so lo-
cated and, if necessary, the pre-
amplifiers and filters of the recorder
must be so adjusted or supplemented,
so that the intelligibility of the re-
corded communications is as high as
practicable when recorded under flight
cockpit noise conditions and played
back. Repeated aural or visual play-
back of the record may be used in eval-
uating intelligibility.

be installed so that the part of the
communication or audio signals speci-
fied in paragraph (a) of this section ob-
tained from each of the following
sources is recorded on a separate chan-
nel:

(1) For the first channel, from each

boom, mask, or handheld microphone,
headset, or speaker used at the first
pilot station.

(2) For the second channel from each

boom, mask, or handheld microphone,
headset, or speaker used at the second
pilot station.

(3) For the third channel—from the

cockpit-mounted area microphone.

(4) For the fourth channel from:
(i) Each boom, mask, or handheld

microphone, headset, or speaker used
at the station for the third and fourth
crewmembers.

(ii) If the stations specified in para-

graph (c)(4)(i) of this section are not re-
quired or if the signal at such a station
is picked up by another channel, each
microphone on the flight deck that is
used with the passenger loudspeaker
system, if its signals are not picked up
by another channel.

(5) And that as far as is practicable

all sounds received by the microphone

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§ 23.1459

listed in paragraphs (c)(1), (2), and (4) of
this section must be recorded without
interruption irrespective of the posi-
tion of the interphone-transmitter key
switch. The design shall ensure that
sidetone for the flightcrew is produced
only when the interphone, public ad-
dress system, or radio transmitters are
in use.

(d) Each cockpit voice recorder must

be installed so that:

(1)(i) It receives its electrical power

from the bus that provides the max-
imum reliability for operation of the
cockpit voice recorder without jeopard-
izing service to essential or emergency
loads.

(ii) It remains powered for as long as

possible without jeopardizing emer-
gency operation of the airplane.

(2) There is an automatic means to

simultaneously stop the recorder and
prevent each erasure feature from func-
tioning, within 10 minutes after crash
impact.

(3) There is an aural or visual means

for preflight checking of the recorder
for proper operation.

(4) Any single electrical failure exter-

nal to the recorder does not disable
both the cockpit voice recorder and the
flight data recorder.

(5) It has an independent power

source—

(i) That provides 10

1 minutes of

electrical power to operate both the
cockpit voice recorder and cockpit-
mounted area microphone;

(ii) That is located as close as prac-

ticable to the cockpit voice recorder;
and

(iii) To which the cockpit voice re-

corder and cockpit-mounted area
microphone are switched automati-
cally in the event that all other power
to the cockpit voice recorder is inter-
rupted either by normal shutdown or
by any other loss of power to the elec-
trical power bus.

(6) It is in a separate container from

the flight data recorder when both are
required. If used to comply with only
the cockpit voice recorder require-
ments, a combination unit may be in-
stalled.

(e) The recorder container must be

located and mounted to minimize the
probability of rupture of the container
as a result of crash impact and con-

sequent heat damage to the recorder
from fire.

(1) Except as provided in paragraph

(e)(2) of this section, the recorder con-
tainer must be located as far aft as
practicable, but need not be outside of
the pressurized compartment, and may
not be located where aft-mounted en-
gines may crush the container during
impact.

(2) If two separate combination dig-

ital flight data recorder and cockpit
voice recorder units are installed in-
stead of one cockpit voice recorder and
one digital flight data recorder, the
combination unit that is installed to
comply with the cockpit voice recorder
requirements may be located near the
cockpit.

(f) If the cockpit voice recorder has a

bulk erasure device, the installation
must be designed to minimize the prob-
ability of inadvertent operation and ac-
tuation of the device during crash im-
pact.

(g) Each recorder container must—
(1) Be either bright orange or bright

yellow;

(2) Have reflective tape affixed to its

external surface to facilitate its loca-
tion under water; and

(3) Have an underwater locating de-

vice, when required by the operating
rules of this chapter, on or adjacent to
the container, which is secured in such
manner that they are not likely to be
separated during crash impact.

§ 23.1459

Flight data recorders.

(a) Each flight recorder required by

the operating rules of this chapter
must be installed so that—

(1) It is supplied with airspeed, alti-

tude, and directional data obtained
from sources that meet the aircraft
level system requirements and the
functionality specified in § 23.2500;

(2) The vertical acceleration sensor is

rigidly attached, and located longitu-
dinally either within the approved cen-
ter of gravity limits of the airplane, or
at a distance forward or aft of these
limits that does not exceed 25 percent
of the airplane’s mean aerodynamic
chord;

(3)(i) It receives its electrical power

from the bus that provides the max-
imum reliability for operation of the