178 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 23.1529 

flight data recorder without jeopard-
izing service to essential or emergency 
loads; 

(ii) It remains powered for as long as 

possible without jeopardizing emer-
gency operation of the airplane; 

(4) There is an aural or visual means 

for preflight checking of the recorder 
for proper recording of data in the stor-
age medium; 

(5) Except for recorders powered sole-

ly by the engine-driven electrical gen-
erator system, there is an automatic 
means to simultaneously stop a re-
corder that has a data erasure feature 
and prevent each erasure feature from 
functioning, within 10 minutes after 
crash impact; 

(6) Any single electrical failure exter-

nal to the recorder does not disable 
both the cockpit voice recorder and the 
flight data recorder; and 

(7) It is in a separate container from 

the cockpit voice recorder when both 
are required. If used to comply with 
only the flight data recorder require-
ments, a combination unit may be in-
stalled. If a combination unit is in-
stalled as a cockpit voice recorder to 
comply with § 23.1457(e)(2), a combina-
tion unit must be used to comply with 
this flight data recorder requirement. 

(b) Each non-ejectable record con-

tainer must be located and mounted so 
as to minimize the probability of con-
tainer rupture resulting from crash im-
pact and subsequent damage to the 
record from fire. In meeting this re-
quirement, the record container must 
be located as far aft as practicable, but 
need not be aft of the pressurized com-
partment, and may not be where aft- 
mounted engines may crush the con-
tainer upon impact. 

(c) A correlation must be established 

between the flight recorder readings of 
airspeed, altitude, and heading and the 
corresponding readings (taking into ac-
count correction factors) of the first pi-
lot’s instruments. The correlation 
must cover the airspeed range over 
which the airplane is to be operated, 
the range of altitude to which the air-
plane is limited, and 360 degrees of 
heading. Correlation may be estab-
lished on the ground as appropriate. 

(d) Each recorder container must— 
(1) Be either bright orange or bright 

yellow; 

(2) Have reflective tape affixed to its 

external surface to facilitate its loca-
tion under water; and 

(3) Have an underwater locating de-

vice, when required by the operating 
rules of this chapter, on or adjacent to 
the container, which is secured in such 
a manner that they are not likely to be 
separated during crash impact. 

(e) Any novel or unique design or 

operational characteristics of the air-
craft shall be evaluated to determine if 
any dedicated parameters must be re-
corded on flight recorders in addition 
to or in place of existing requirements. 

§ 23.1529

Instructions for continued 

airworthiness. 

The applicant must prepare Instruc-

tions for Continued Airworthiness, in 
accordance with appendix A of this 
part, that are acceptable to the Admin-
istrator. The instructions may be in-
complete at type certification if a pro-
gram exists to ensure their completion 
prior to delivery of the first airplane or 
issuance of a standard certificate of 
airworthiness, whichever occurs later. 

Subpart A—General 

§ 23.2000

Applicability and definitions. 

(a) This part prescribes airworthiness 

standards for the issuance of type cer-
tificates, and changes to those certifi-
cates, for airplanes in the normal cat-
egory. 

(b) For the purposes of this part, the 

following definition applies: 

Continued safe flight and landing 

means an airplane is capable of contin-
ued controlled flight and landing, pos-
sibly using emergency procedures, 
without requiring exceptional pilot 
skill or strength. Upon landing, some 
airplane damage may occur as a result 
of a failure condition. 

§ 23.2005

Certification of normal cat-

egory airplanes. 

(a) Certification in the normal cat-

egory applies to airplanes with a pas-
senger-seating configuration of 19 or 
less and a maximum certificated take-
off weight of 19,000 pounds or less. 

(b) Airplane certification levels are: 
(1) Level 1—for airplanes with a max-

imum seating configuration of 0 to 1 
passengers. 

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