title-14-part-25-sec25-785

284

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)

§ 25.785

(4) The open door during flight would

not create aerodynamic interference
that could preclude safe flight and
landing.

(5) The airplane would meet the

structural design requirements with
the door open. This assessment must
include the aeroelastic stability re-
quirements of § 25.629, as well as the
strength requirements of subpart C of
this part.

(6) The unlatching or opening of the

door must not preclude safe flight and
landing as a result of interaction with
other systems or structures.

[Doc. No. 2003–14193, 69 FR 24501, May 3, 2004]

§ 25.785

Seats, berths, safety belts, and

harnesses.

(a) A seat (or berth for a nonambu-

lant person) must be provided for each
occupant who has reached his or her
second birthday.

(b) Each seat, berth, safety belt, har-

ness, and adjacent part of the airplane
at each station designated as occupi-
able during takeoff and landing must
be designed so that a person making
proper use of these facilities will not
suffer serious injury in an emergency
landing as a result of the inertia forces
specified in §§ 25.561 and 25.562.

proved.

(d) Each occupant of a seat that

makes more than an 18-degree angle
with the vertical plane containing the
airplane centerline must be protected
from head injury by a safety belt and
an energy absorbing rest that will sup-
port the arms, shoulders, head, and
spine, or by a safety belt and shoulder
harness that will prevent the head
from contacting any injurious object.
Each occupant of any other seat must
be protected from head injury by a
safety belt and, as appropriate to the
type, location, and angle of facing of
each seat, by one or more of the fol-
lowing:

(1) A shoulder harness that will pre-

vent the head from contacting any in-
jurious object.

(2) The elimination of any injurious

object within striking radius of the
head.

(3) An energy absorbing rest that will

support the arms, shoulders, head, and
spine.

(e) Each berth must be designed so

that the forward part has a padded end
board, canvas diaphragm, or equivalent
means, that can withstand the static
load reaction of the occupant when
subjected to the forward inertia force
specified in § 25.561. Berths must be free
from corners and protuberances likely
to cause injury to a person occupying
the berth during emergency conditions.

(f) Each seat or berth, and its sup-

porting structure, and each safety belt
or harness and its anchorage must be
designed for an occupant weight of 170
pounds, considering the maximum load
factors, inertia forces, and reactions
among the occupant, seat, safety belt,
and harness for each relevant flight
and ground load condition (including
the emergency landing conditions pre-
scribed in § 25.561). In addition—

(1) The structural analysis and test-

ing of the seats, berths, and their sup-
porting structures may be determined
by assuming that the critical load in
the forward, sideward, downward, up-
ward, and rearward directions (as de-
termined from the prescribed flight,
ground, and emergency landing condi-
tions) acts separately or using selected
combinations of loads if the required
strength in each specified direction is
substantiated. The forward load factor
need not be applied to safety belts for
berths.

(2) Each pilot seat must be designed

for the reactions resulting from the ap-
plication of the pilot forces prescribed
in § 25.395.

(3) The inertia forces specified in

§ 25.561 must be multiplied by a factor
of 1.33 (instead of the fitting factor pre-
scribed in § 25.625) in determining the
strength of the attachment of each
seat to the structure and each belt or
harness to the seat or structure.

(g) Each seat at a flight deck station

must have a restraint system con-
sisting of a combined safety belt and
shoulder harness with a single-point re-
lease that permits the flight deck occu-
pant, when seated with the restraint
system fastened, to perform all of the
occupant’s necessary flight deck func-
tions. There must be a means to secure
each combined restraint system when
not in use to prevent interference with
the operation of the airplane and with
rapid egress in an emergency.

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§ 25.787

(h) Each seat located in the pas-

senger compartment and designated for
use during takeoff and landing by a
flight attendant required by the oper-
ating rules of this chapter must be:

(1) Near a required floor level emer-

gency exit, except that another loca-
tion is acceptable if the emergency
egress of passengers would be enhanced
with that location. A flight attendant
seat must be located adjacent to each
Type A or B emergency exit. Other
flight attendant seats must be evenly
distributed among the required floor-
level emergency exits to the extent
feasible.

(2) To the extent possible, without

compromising proximity to a required
floor level emergency exit, located to
provide a direct view of the cabin area
for which the flight attendant is re-
sponsible.

(3) Positioned so that the seat will

not interfere with the use of a passage-
way or exit when the seat is not in use.

(4) Located to minimize the prob-

ability that occupants would suffer in-
jury by being struck by items dislodged
from service areas, stowage compart-
ments, or service equipment.

(5) Either forward or rearward facing

with an energy absorbing rest that is
designed to support the arms, shoul-
ders, head, and spine.

(6) Equipped with a restraint system

consisting of a combined safety belt
and shoulder harness unit with a single
point release. There must be means to
secure each restraint system when not
in use to prevent interference with
rapid egress in an emergency.

(i) Each safety belt must be equipped

with a metal to metal latching device.

(j) If the seat backs do not provide a

firm handhold, there must be a hand-
grip or rail along each aisle to enable
persons to steady themselves while
using the aisles in moderately rough
air.

(k) Each projecting object that would

injure persons seated or moving about
the airplane in normal flight must be
padded.

(l) Each forward observer’s seat re-

quired by the operating rules must be
shown to be suitable for use in con-

ducting the necessary enroute inspec-
tion.

[Amdt. 25–72, 55 FR 29780, July 20, 1990, as
amended by Amdt. 25–88, 61 FR 57956, Nov. 8,
1996]

§ 25.787

Stowage compartments.

(a) Each compartment for the stow-

age of cargo, baggage, carry-on arti-
cles, and equipment (such as life rafts),
and any other stowage compartment,
must be designed for its placarded max-
imum weight of contents and for the
critical load distribution at the appro-
priate maximum load factors cor-
responding to the specified flight and
ground load conditions, and to those
emergency landing conditions of
§ 25.561(b)(3) for which the breaking
loose of the contents of such compart-
ments in the specified direction could—

(1) Cause direct injury to occupants;
(2) Penetrate fuel tanks or lines or

cause fire or explosion hazard by dam-
age to adjacent systems; or

(3) Nullify any of the escape facilities

provided for use after an emergency
landing.

If the airplane has a passenger-seating
configuration, excluding pilot seats, of
10 seats or more, each stowage com-
partment in the passenger cabin, ex-
cept for under seat and overhead com-
partments for passenger convenience,
must be completely enclosed.

(b) There must be a means to prevent

the contents in the compartments from
becoming a hazard by shifting, under
the loads specified in paragraph (a) of
this section. For stowage compart-
ments in the passenger and crew cabin,
if the means used is a latched door, the
design must take into consideration
the wear and deterioration expected in
service.

installed, each lamp must be installed
so as to prevent contact between lamp
bulb and cargo.

[Doc. No. 5066, 29 FR 18291, Dec. 24, 1964, as
amended by Amdt. 25–32, 37 FR 3969, Feb. 24,
1972; Amdt. 25–38, 41 FR 55466, Dec. 20, 1976;
Amdt. 25–51, 45 FR 7755, Feb. 4, 1980; Amdt.
25–139, 79 FR 59430, Oct. 2, 2014]