title-14-part-29-sec29-1187

650

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)

§ 29.1181

system is causing the continuous dis-
charge of any battery necessary for en-
gine ignition.

[Doc. No. 5084, 29 FR 16150, Dec. 3, 1964, as
amended by Amdt. 29–12, 41 FR 55473, Dec. 20,
1976]

OWERPLANT

IRE

ROTECTION

§ 29.1181

Designated fire zones: re-

gions included.

(a) Designated fire zones are—
(1) The engine power section of recip-

rocating engines;

(2) The engine accessory section of

reciprocating engines;

(3) Any complete powerplant com-

partment in which there is no isolation
between the engine power section and
the engine accessory section, for recip-
rocating engines;

(4) Any auxiliary power unit com-

partment;

(5) Any fuel-burning heater and other

combustion equipment installation de-
scribed in § 29.859;

(6) The compressor and accessory sec-

tions of turbine engines; and

(7) The combustor, turbine, and tail-

pipe sections of turbine engine instal-
lations except sections that do not con-
tain lines and components carrying
flammable fluids or gases and are iso-
lated from the designated fire zone pre-
scribed in paragraph (a)(6) of this sec-
tion by a firewall that meets § 29.1191.

(b) Each designated fire zone must

meet the requirements of §§ 29.1183
through 29.1203.

[Amdt. 29–3, 33 FR 970, Jan. 26, 1968, as
amended by Amdt. 29–26, 53 FR 34219, Sept. 2,
1988]

§ 29.1183

Lines, fittings, and compo-

nents.

(a) Except as provided in paragraph

(b) of this section, each line, fitting,
and other component carrying flam-
mable fluid in any area subject to en-
gine fire conditions and each compo-
nent which conveys or contains flam-
mable fluid in a designated fire zone
must be fire resistant, except that
flammable fluid tanks and supports in
a designated fire zone must be fireproof
or be enclosed by a fireproof shield un-
less damage by fire to any non-fire-
proof part will not cause leakage or
spillage of flammable fluid. Compo-

nents must be shielded or located so as
to safeguard against the ignition of
leaking flammable fluid. An integral
oil sump of less than 25-quart capacity
on a reciprocating engine need not be
fireproof nor be enclosed by a fireproof
shield.

(b) Paragraph (a) of this section does

not apply to—

(1) Lines, fittings, and components

which are already approved as part of a
type certificated engine; and

(2) Vent and drain lines, and their fit-

tings, whose failure will not result in
or add to, a fire hazard.

[Doc. No. 5084, 29 FR 16150, Dec. 3, 1964, as
amended by Amdt. 29–2, 32 FR 6914, May 5,
1967; Amdt. 29–10, 39 FR 35463, Oct. 1, 1974;
Amdt. 29–22, 49 FR 6850, Feb. 23, 1984]

§ 29.1185

Flammable fluids.

(a) No tank or reservoir that is part

of a system containing flammable
fluids or gases may be in a designated
fire zone unless the fluid contained, the
design of the system, the materials
used in the tank and its supports, the
shutoff means, and the connections,
lines, and controls provide a degree of
safety equal to that which would exist
if the tank or reservoir were outside
such a zone.

(b) Each fuel tank must be isolated

from the engines by a firewall or
shroud.

inch of clear airspace between each
tank or reservoir and each firewall or
shroud isolating a designated fire zone,
unless equivalent means are used to
prevent heat transfer from the fire
zone to the flammable fluid.

(d) Absorbent material close to flam-

mable fluid system components that
might leak must be covered or treated
to prevent the absorption of hazardous
quantities of fluids.

§ 29.1187

Drainage and ventilation of

fire zones.

(a) There must be complete drainage

of each part of each designated fire
zone to minimize the hazards resulting
from failure or malfunction of any
component containing flammable
fluids. The drainage means must be—

(1) Effective under conditions ex-

pected to prevail when drainage is
needed; and

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§ 29.1193

(2) Arranged so that no discharged

fluid will cause an additional fire haz-
ard.

(b) Each designated fire zone must be

ventilated to prevent the accumulation
of flammable vapors.

where it would allow the entry of flam-
mable fluids, vapors, or flame from
other zones.

(d) Ventilation means must be ar-

ranged so that no discharged vapors
will cause an additional fire hazard.

(e) For category A rotorcraft, there

must be means to allow the crew to
shut off the sources of forced ventila-
tion in any fire zone (other than the
engine power section of the powerplant
compartment) unless the amount of ex-
tinguishing agent and the rate of dis-
charge are based on the maximum air-
flow through that zone.

§ 29.1189

Shutoff means.

(a) There must be means to shut off

or otherwise prevent hazardous quan-
tities of fuel, oil, de-icing fluid, and
other flammable fluids from flowing
into, within, or through any designated
fire zone, except that this means need
not be provided—

(1) For lines, fittings, and compo-

nents forming an integral part of an
engine;

(2) For oil systems for turbine engine

installations in which all components
of the system, including oil tanks, are
fireproof or located in areas not subject
to engine fire conditions; or

(3) For engine oil systems in category

B rotorcraft using reciprocating en-
gines of less than 500 cubic inches dis-
placement.

(b) The closing of any fuel shutoff

valve for any engine may not make
fuel unavailable to the remaining en-
gines.

ardous quantity of flammable fluid
may drain into any designated fire
zone after shutoff has been accom-
plished, nor may the closing of any fuel
shutoff valve for an engine make fuel
unavailable to the remaining engines.

(d) The operation of any shutoff may

not interfere with the later emergency
operation of any other equipment, such
as the means for declutching the en-
gine from the rotor drive.

(e) Each shutoff valve and its control

must be designed, located, and pro-
tected to function properly under any
condition likely to result from fire in a
designated fire zone.

(f) Except for ground-use-only auxil-

iary power unit installations, there
must be means to prevent inadvertent
operation of each shutoff and to make
it possible to reopen it in flight after it
has been closed.

[Doc. No. 5084, 29 FR 16150, Dec. 3, 1964, as
amended by Amdt. 29–12, 41 FR 55473, Dec. 20,
1976; Amdt. 29–22, 49 FR 6850, Feb. 23, 1984;
Amdt. 29–26, 53 FR 34219, Sept. 2, 1988]

§ 29.1191

Firewalls.

(a) Each engine, including the com-

bustor, turbine, and tailpipe sections of
turbine engine installations, must be
isolated by a firewall, shroud, or equiv-
alent means, from personnel compart-
ments, structures, controls, rotor
mechanisms, and other parts that are—

(1) Essential to controlled flight and

landing; and

(2) Not protected under § 29.861.
(b) Each auxiliary power unit, com-

bustion heater, and other combustion
equipment to be used in flight, must be
isolated from the rest of the rotorcraft
by firewalls, shrouds, or equivalent
means.

constructed so that no hazardous quan-
tity of air, fluid, or flame can pass
from any engine compartment to other
parts of the rotorcraft.

(d) Each opening in the firewall or

shroud must be sealed with close-fit-
ting fireproof grommets, bushings, or
firewall fittings.

(e) Each firewall and shroud must be

fireproof and protected against corro-
sion.

(f) In meeting this section, account

must be taken of the probable path of
a fire as affected by the airflow in nor-
mal flight and in autorotation.

[Doc. No. 5084, 29 FR 16150, Dec. 3, 1964, as
amended by Amdt. 29–3, 33 FR 970, Jan. 26,
1968]

§ 29.1193

Cowling and engine compart-

ment covering.

(a) Each cowling and engine compart-

ment covering must be constructed and