691 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 31.12 

(4) From 100 MHz to 8 GHz, use radiated 

susceptibility tests at a minimum of 5 V/m. 

[Doc. No. FAA–2006–23657, 72 FR 44028, Aug. 6, 
2007] 

PART 31—AIRWORTHINESS STAND-

ARDS: MANNED FREE BAL-
LOONS 

Subpart A—General 

Sec. 
31.1

Applicability. 

Subpart B—Flight Requirements 

31.12

Proof of compliance. 

31.14

Weight limits. 

31.16

Empty weight. 

31.17

Performance: Climb. 

31.19

Performance: Uncontrolled descent. 

31.20

Controllability. 

Subpart C—Strength Requirements 

31.21

Loads. 

31.23

Flight load factor. 

31.25

Factor of safety. 

31.27

Strength. 

Subpart D—Design Construction 

31.31

General. 

31.33

Materials. 

31.35

Fabrication methods. 

31.37

Fastenings. 

31.39

Protection. 

31.41

Inspection provisions. 

31.43

Fitting factor. 

31.45

Fuel cells. 

31.46

Pressurized fuel systems. 

31.47

Burners. 

31.49

Control systems. 

31.51

Ballast. 

31.53

Drag rope. 

31.55

Deflation means. 

31.57

Rip cords. 

31.59

Trapeze, basket, or other means pro-

vided for occupants. 

31.61

Static discharge. 

31.63

Safety belts. 

31.65

Position lights. 

Subpart E—Equipment 

31.71

Function and installation. 

Subpart F—Operating Limitations and 

Information 

31.81

General. 

31.82

Instructions for Continued Airworthi-

ness. 

31.83

Conspicuity. 

31.85

Required basic equipment. 

A

PPENDIX

A 

TO

P

ART

31—I

NSTRUCTIONS FOR

 

C

ONTINUED

A

IRWORTHINESS

 

A

UTHORITY

: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701– 

44702, 44704. 

S

OURCE

: Docket No. 1437, 29 FR 8258, July 1, 

1964, as amended by Amdt. 31–1, 29 FR 14563, 
Oct. 24, 1964, unless otherwise noted. 

Subpart A—General 

§ 31.1

Applicability. 

(a) This part prescribes airworthiness 

standards for the issue of type certifi-
cates and changes to those certificates, 
for manned free balloons. 

(b) Each person who applies under 

Part 21 for such a certificate or change 
must show compliance with the appli-
cable requirements of this part. 

(c) For purposes of this part— 
(1) A captive gas balloon is a balloon 

that derives its lift from a captive 
lighter-than-air gas; 

(2) A hot air balloon is a balloon that 

derives its lift from heated air; 

(3) The envelope is the enclosure in 

which the lifting means is contained; 

(4) The basket is the container, sus-

pended beneath the envelope, for the 
balloon occupants; 

(5) The trapeze is a harness or is a 

seat consisting of a horizontal bar or 
platform suspended beneath the enve-
lope for the balloon occupants; and 

(6) The design maximum weight is 

the maximum total weight of the bal-
loon, less the lifting gas or air. 

[Doc. No. 1437, 29 FR 8258, July 1, 1964, as 
amended by Amdt. 31–3, 41 FR 55474, Dec. 20, 
1976] 

Subpart B—Flight Requirements 

§ 31.12

Proof of compliance. 

(a) Each requirement of this subpart 

must be met at each weight within the 
range of loading conditions for which 
certification is requested. This must be 
shown by— 

(1) Tests upon a balloon of the type 

for which certification is requested or 
by calculations based on, and equal in 
accuracy to, the results of testing; and 

(2) Systematic investigation of each 

weight if compliance cannot be reason-
ably inferred from the weights inves-
tigated. 

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