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697 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

Pt. 31, App. A 

(c) The equipment, systems, and in-

stallations must be designed to prevent 
hazards to the balloon in the event of a 
probable malfunction or failure. 

[Amdt. 31–4, 45 FR 60180, Sept. 11, 1980] 

Subpart F—Operating Limitations 

and Information 

§ 31.81

General. 

(a) The following information must 

be established: 

(1) Each operating limitation, includ-

ing the maximum weight determined 
under § 31.14. 

(2) The normal and emergency proce-

dures. 

(3) Other information necessary for 

safe operation, including— 

(i) The empty weight determined 

under § 31.16; 

(ii) The rate of climb determined 

under § 31.17, and the procedures and 
conditions used to determine perform-
ance; 

(iii) The maximum vertical velocity, 

the altitude drop required to attain 
that velocity, and altitude drop re-
quired to recover from a descent at 
that velocity, determined under § 31.19, 
and the procedures and conditions used 
to determine performance; and 

(iv) Pertinent information peculiar 

to the balloon’s operating characteris-
tics. 

(b) The information established in 

compliance with paragraph (a) of this 
section must be furnished by means 
of— 

(1) A Balloon Flight Manual; or 
(2) A placard on the balloon that is 

clearly visible to the pilot. 

[Amdt. 31–4, 45 FR 60180, Sept. 11, 1980] 

§ 31.82

Instructions for Continued Air-

worthiness. 

The applicant must prepare Instruc-

tions for Continued Airworthiness in 
accordance with appendix A to this 
part that are acceptable to the Admin-
istrator. The instructions may be in-
complete at type certification if a pro-
gram exists to ensure their completion 
prior to delivery of the first balloon or 
issuance of a standard certificate of 
airworthiness, whichever occurs later. 

[Amdt. 31–4, 45 FR 60180, Sept. 11, 1980] 

§ 31.83

Conspicuity. 

The exterior surface of the envelope 

must be of a contrasting color or colors 
so that it will be conspicuous during 
operation. However, multicolored ban-
ners or streamers are acceptable if it 
can be shown that they are large 
enough, and there are enough of them 
of contrasting color, to make the bal-
loon conspicuous during flight. 

§ 31.85

Required basic equipment. 

In addition to any equipment re-

quired by this subchapter for a specific 
kind of operation, the following equip-
ment is required: 

(a) For all balloons: 
(1) [Reserved] 
(2) An altimeter. 
(3) A rate of climb indicator. 
(b) For hot air balloons: 
(1) A fuel quantity gauge. If fuel cells 

are used, means must be incorporated 
to indicate to the crew the quantity of 
fuel in each cell during flight. The 
means must be calibrated in appro-
priate units or in percent of fuel cell 
capacity. 

(2) An envelope temperature indi-

cator. 

(c) For captive gas balloons, a com-

pass. 

[Amdt. 31–2, 30 FR 3377, Mar. 13, 1965, as 
amended by Amdt. 31–3, 41 FR 55474, Dec. 20, 
1976; Amdt. 31–4, 45 FR 60180, Sept. 11, 1980] 

A

PPENDIX

TO

P

ART

31—I

NSTRUCTIONS

 

FOR

C

ONTINUED

A

IRWORTHINESS

 

A

31.1

GENERAL

 

(a) This appendix specifies requirements 

for the preparation of Instructions for Con-
tinued Airworthiness as required by § 31.82. 

(b) The Instructions for Continued Air-

worthiness for each balloon must include the 
Instructions for Continued Airworthiness for 
all balloon parts required by this chapter 
and any required information relating to the 
interface of those parts with the balloon. If 
Instructions for Continued Airworthiness are 
not supplied by the part manufacturer for a 
balloon part, the Instructions for Continued 
Airworthiness for the balloon must include 
the information essential to the continued 
airworthiness of the balloon. 

(c) The applicant must submit to the FAA 

a program to show how changes to the In-
structions for Continued Airworthiness made 

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