697
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
Pt. 31, App. A
(c) The equipment, systems, and in-
stallations must be designed to prevent
hazards to the balloon in the event of a
probable malfunction or failure.
[Amdt. 31–4, 45 FR 60180, Sept. 11, 1980]
Subpart F—Operating Limitations
and Information
§ 31.81
General.
(a) The following information must
be established:
(1) Each operating limitation, includ-
ing the maximum weight determined
under § 31.14.
(2) The normal and emergency proce-
dures.
(3) Other information necessary for
safe operation, including—
(i) The empty weight determined
under § 31.16;
(ii) The rate of climb determined
under § 31.17, and the procedures and
conditions used to determine perform-
ance;
(iii) The maximum vertical velocity,
the altitude drop required to attain
that velocity, and altitude drop re-
quired to recover from a descent at
that velocity, determined under § 31.19,
and the procedures and conditions used
to determine performance; and
(iv) Pertinent information peculiar
to the balloon’s operating characteris-
tics.
(b) The information established in
compliance with paragraph (a) of this
section must be furnished by means
of—
(1) A Balloon Flight Manual; or
(2) A placard on the balloon that is
clearly visible to the pilot.
[Amdt. 31–4, 45 FR 60180, Sept. 11, 1980]
§ 31.82
Instructions for Continued Air-
worthiness.
The applicant must prepare Instruc-
tions for Continued Airworthiness in
accordance with appendix A to this
part that are acceptable to the Admin-
istrator. The instructions may be in-
complete at type certification if a pro-
gram exists to ensure their completion
prior to delivery of the first balloon or
issuance of a standard certificate of
airworthiness, whichever occurs later.
[Amdt. 31–4, 45 FR 60180, Sept. 11, 1980]
§ 31.83
Conspicuity.
The exterior surface of the envelope
must be of a contrasting color or colors
so that it will be conspicuous during
operation. However, multicolored ban-
ners or streamers are acceptable if it
can be shown that they are large
enough, and there are enough of them
of contrasting color, to make the bal-
loon conspicuous during flight.
§ 31.85
Required basic equipment.
In addition to any equipment re-
quired by this subchapter for a specific
kind of operation, the following equip-
ment is required:
(a) For all balloons:
(1) [Reserved]
(2) An altimeter.
(3) A rate of climb indicator.
(b) For hot air balloons:
(1) A fuel quantity gauge. If fuel cells
are used, means must be incorporated
to indicate to the crew the quantity of
fuel in each cell during flight. The
means must be calibrated in appro-
priate units or in percent of fuel cell
capacity.
(2) An envelope temperature indi-
cator.
(c) For captive gas balloons, a com-
pass.
[Amdt. 31–2, 30 FR 3377, Mar. 13, 1965, as
amended by Amdt. 31–3, 41 FR 55474, Dec. 20,
1976; Amdt. 31–4, 45 FR 60180, Sept. 11, 1980]
A
PPENDIX
A
TO
P
ART
31—I
NSTRUCTIONS
FOR
C
ONTINUED
A
IRWORTHINESS
A
31.1
GENERAL
(a) This appendix specifies requirements
for the preparation of Instructions for Con-
tinued Airworthiness as required by § 31.82.
(b) The Instructions for Continued Air-
worthiness for each balloon must include the
Instructions for Continued Airworthiness for
all balloon parts required by this chapter
and any required information relating to the
interface of those parts with the balloon. If
Instructions for Continued Airworthiness are
not supplied by the part manufacturer for a
balloon part, the Instructions for Continued
Airworthiness for the balloon must include
the information essential to the continued
airworthiness of the balloon.
(c) The applicant must submit to the FAA
a program to show how changes to the In-
structions for Continued Airworthiness made
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