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852 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 43.12 

those items permitted to be inoper-
ative under § 91.213(d)(2) of this chapter, 
that person shall place a placard, that 
meets the aircraft’s airworthiness cer-
tification regulations, on each inoper-
ative instrument and the cockpit con-
trol of each item of inoperative equip-
ment, marking it ‘‘Inoperative,’’ and 
shall add the items to the signed and 
dated list of discrepancies given to the 
owner or lessee. 

[Amdt. 43–23, 47 FR 41085, Sept. 16, 1982, as 
amended by Amdt. 43–30, 53 FR 50195, Dec. 13, 
1988; Amdt. 43–36, 61 FR 19501, May 1, 1996; 71 
FR 44188, Aug. 4, 2006] 

§ 43.12

Maintenance records: Falsifica-

tion, reproduction, or alteration. 

(a) No person may make or cause to 

be made: 

(1) Any fraudulent or intentionally 

false entry in any record or report that 
is required to be made, kept, or used to 
show compliance with any requirement 
under this part; 

(2) Any reproduction, for fraudulent 

purpose, of any record or report under 
this part; or 

(3) Any alteration, for fraudulent 

purpose, of any record or report under 
this part. 

(b) The commission by any person of 

an act prohibited under paragraph (a) 
of this section is a basis for suspending 
or revoking the applicable airman, op-
erator, or production certificate, Tech-
nical Standard Order Authorization, 
FAA-Parts Manufacturer Approval, or 
Product and Process Specification 
issued by the Administrator and held 
by that person. 

[Amdt. 43–19, 43 FR 22639, May 25, 1978, as 
amended by Amdt. 43–23, 47 FR 41085, Sept. 
16, 1982] 

§ 43.13

Performance rules (general). 

(a) Each person performing mainte-

nance, alteration, or preventive main-
tenance on an aircraft, engine, pro-
peller, or appliance shall use the meth-
ods, techniques, and practices pre-
scribed in the current manufacturer’s 
maintenance manual or Instructions 
for Continued Airworthiness prepared 
by its manufacturer, or other methods, 
techniques, and practices acceptable to 
the Administrator, except as noted in 
§ 43.16. He shall use the tools, equip-
ment, and test apparatus necessary to 

assure completion of the work in ac-
cordance with accepted industry prac-
tices. If special equipment or test appa-
ratus is recommended by the manufac-
turer involved, he must use that equip-
ment or apparatus or its equivalent ac-
ceptable to the Administrator. 

(b) Each person maintaining or alter-

ing, or performing preventive mainte-
nance, shall do that work in such a 
manner and use materials of such a 
quality, that the condition of the air-
craft, airframe, aircraft engine, pro-
peller, or appliance worked on will be 
at least equal to its original or prop-
erly altered condition (with regard to 
aerodynamic function, structural 
strength, resistance to vibration and 
deterioration, and other qualities af-
fecting airworthiness). 

(c) 

Special provisions for holders of air 

carrier operating certificates and oper-
ating certificates issued under the provi-
sions of Part 121 or 135 and Part 129 oper-
ators holding operations specifications. 
Unless otherwise notified by the ad-
ministrator, the methods, techniques, 
and practices contained in the mainte-
nance manual or the maintenance part 
of the manual of the holder of an air 
carrier operating certificate or an op-
erating certificate under Part 121 or 135 
and Part 129 operators holding oper-
ations specifications (that is required 
by its operating specifications to pro-
vide a continuous airworthiness main-
tenance and inspection program) con-
stitute acceptable means of compliance 
with this section. 

[Doc. No. 1993, 29 FR 5451, Apr. 23, 1964, as 
amended by Amdt. 43–20, 45 FR 60182, Sept. 
11, 1980; Amdt. 43–23, 47 FR 41085, Sept. 16, 
1982; Amdt. 43–28, 52 FR 20028, June 16, 1987; 
Amdt. 43–37, 66 FR 21066, Apr. 27, 2001] 

§ 43.15

Additional performance rules 

for inspections. 

(a) 

General.  Each person performing 

an inspection required by part 91, 125, 
or 135 of this chapter, shall— 

(1) Perform the inspection so as to 

determine whether the aircraft, or por-
tion(s) thereof under inspection, meets 
all applicable airworthiness require-
ments; and 

(2) If the inspection is one provided 

for in part 125, 135, or § 91.409(e) of this 

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853 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 43.17 

chapter, perform the inspection in ac-
cordance with the instructions and pro-
cedures set forth in the inspection pro-
gram for the aircraft being inspected. 

(b) 

Rotorcraft. 

Each person per-

forming an inspection required by Part 
91 on a rotorcraft shall inspect the fol-
lowing systems in accordance with the 
maintenance manual or Instructions 
for Continued Airworthiness of the 
manufacturer concerned: 

(1) The drive shafts or similar sys-

tems. 

(2) The main rotor transmission gear 

box for obvious defects. 

(3) The main rotor and center section 

(or the equivalent area). 

(4) The auxiliary rotor on heli-

copters. 

(c) 

Annual and 100-hour inspections. (1) 

Each person performing an annual or 
100-hour inspection shall use a check-
list while performing the inspection. 
The checklist may be of the person’s 
own design, one provided by the manu-
facturer of the equipment being in-
spected or one obtained from another 
source. This checklist must include the 
scope and detail of the items contained 
in appendix D to this part and para-
graph (b) of this section. 

(2) Each person approving a recipro-

cating-engine-powered aircraft for re-
turn to service after an annual or 100- 
hour inspection shall, before that ap-
proval, run the aircraft engine or en-
gines to determine satisfactory per-
formance in accordance with the manu-
facturer’s recommendations of— 

(i) Power output (static and idle 

r.p.m.); 

(ii) Magnetos; 
(iii) Fuel and oil pressure; and 
(iv) Cylinder and oil temperature. 
(3) Each person approving a turbine- 

engine-powered aircraft for return to 
service after an annual, 100-hour, or 
progressive inspection shall, before 
that approval, run the aircraft engine 
or engines to determine satisfactory 
performance in accordance with the 
manufacturer’s recommendations. 

(d) 

Progressive inspection. (1) Each per-

son performing a progressive inspec-
tion shall, at the start of a progressive 
inspection system, inspect the aircraft 
completely. After this initial inspec-
tion, routine and detailed inspections 
must be conducted as prescribed in the 

progressive inspection schedule. Rou-
tine inspections consist of visual exam-
ination or check of the appliances, the 
aircraft, and its components and sys-
tems, insofar as practicable without 
disassembly. Detailed inspections con-
sist of a thorough examination of the 
appliances, the aircraft, and its compo-
nents and systems, with such dis-
assembly as is necessary. For the pur-
poses of this subparagraph, the over-
haul of a component or system is con-
sidered to be a detailed inspection. 

(2) If the aircraft is away from the 

station where inspections are normally 
conducted, an appropriately rated me-
chanic, a certificated repair station, or 
the manufacturer of the aircraft may 
perform inspections in accordance with 
the procedures and using the forms of 
the person who would otherwise per-
form the inspection. 

[Doc. No. 1993, 29 FR 5451, Apr. 23, 1964, as 
amended by Amdt. 43–23, 47 FR 41086, Sept. 
16, 1982; Amdt. 43–25, 51 FR 40702, Nov. 7, 1986; 
Amdt. 43–31, 54 FR 34330, Aug. 18, 1989; 71 FR 
44188, Aug. 4, 2006] 

§ 43.16

Airworthiness limitations. 

Each person performing an inspec-

tion or other maintenance specified in 
an Airworthiness Limitations section 
of a manufacturer’s maintenance man-
ual or Instructions for Continued Air-
worthiness shall perform the inspec-
tion or other maintenance in accord-
ance with that section, or in accord-
ance with operations specifications ap-
proved by the Administrator under 
part 121 or 135, or an inspection pro-
gram approved under § 91.409(e). 

[71 FR 44188, Aug. 4, 2006] 

§ 43.17

Maintenance, preventive main-

tenance, and alterations performed 
on U.S. aeronautical products by 
certain Canadian persons. 

(a) 

Definitions.  For purposes of this 

section: 

Aeronautical product means any civil 

aircraft or airframe, aircraft engine, 
propeller, appliance, component, or 
part to be installed thereon. 

Canadian aeronautical product means 

any aeronautical product under air-
worthiness regulation by Transport 
Canada Civil Aviation. 

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