title-14-part-61-sec61-1

464

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)

§ 61.1

or termination of SFAR 100–2, whichever is
earlier; and

§ 65.93 of this chapter, as appropriate, or com-
pletes the appropriate practical test within 6
calendar months after returning to the
United States, or upon termination of SFAR
100–2, whichever is earlier.

Required documents. The person must

send the Airman Certificate and/or Rating
Application (FAA Form 8710–1) to the appro-
priate Flight Standards office. The person
must include with the application one of the
following documents, which must show the
date of assignment outside the United States
and the date of return to the United States:

(a) An official U.S. Government notifica-

tion of personnel action, or equivalent docu-
ment, showing the person was a civilian on
official duty for the U.S. Government out-
side the United States and was assigned to a
U.S. Armed Forces’ operation some time be-
tween September 11, 2001, to termination of
SFAR 100–2;

(b) Military orders showing the person was

assigned to duty outside the United States
and was assigned to a U.S. Armed Forces’ op-
eration some time between September 11,
2001, to termination of SFAR 100–2 ; or

commander or civilian supervisor providing
the dates during which the person served
outside the United States and was assigned
to a U.S. Armed Forces’ operation some time
between September 11, 2001, to termination
of SFAR 100–2.

Expiration date. This Special Federal

Aviation Regulation No. 100–2 is effective
until further notice.

[Doc. No. FAA–2009–0923, 75 FR 9766, Mar. 4,
2010, as amended by Docket FAA–2018–0119,
Amdt. 61–141, 83 FR 9170, Mar. 5, 2018]

Subpart A—General

§ 61.1

Applicability and definitions.

(a) Except as provided in part 107 of

this chapter, this part prescribes:

(1) The requirements for issuing

pilot, flight instructor, and ground in-
structor certificates and ratings; the
conditions under which those certifi-
cates and ratings are necessary; and
the privileges and limitations of those
certificates and ratings.

(2) The requirements for issuing

pilot, flight instructor, and ground in-
structor authorizations; the conditions
under which those authorizations are
necessary; and the privileges and limi-
tations of those authorizations.

(3) The requirements for issuing

pilot, flight instructor, and ground in-

structor certificates and ratings for
persons who have taken courses ap-
proved by the Administrator under
other parts of this chapter.

(b) For the purpose of this part:
Accredited has the same meaning as

defined by the Department of Edu-
cation in 34 CFR 600.2.

Aeronautical experience means pilot

time obtained in an aircraft, flight
simulator, or flight training device for
meeting the appropriate training and
flight time requirements for an airman
certificate, rating, flight review, or
recency of flight experience require-
ments of this part.

Authorized instructor means—
(i) A person who holds a ground in-

structor certificate issued under part
61 of this chapter and is in compliance
with § 61.217, when conducting ground
training in accordance with the privi-
leges and limitations of his or her
ground instructor certificate;

(ii) A person who holds a flight in-

structor certificate issued under part
61 of this chapter and is in compliance
with § 61.197, when conducting ground
training or flight training in accord-
ance with the privileges and limita-
tions of his or her flight instructor cer-
tificate; or

(iii) A person authorized by the Ad-

ministrator to provide ground training
or flight training under part 61, 121, 135,
or 142 of this chapter when conducting
ground training or flight training in
accordance with that authority.

Aviation training device means a train-

ing device, other than a full flight sim-
ulator or flight training device, that
has been evaluated, qualified, and ap-
proved by the Administrator.

Complex airplane means an airplane

that has a retractable landing gear,
flaps, and a controllable pitch pro-
peller, including airplanes equipped
with an engine control system con-
sisting of a digital computer and asso-
ciated accessories for controlling the
engine and propeller, such as a full au-
thority digital engine control; or, in
the case of a seaplane, flaps and a con-
trollable pitch propeller, including sea-
planes equipped with an engine control
system consisting of a digital computer
and associated accessories for control-
ling the engine and propeller, such as a
full authority digital engine control.

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Federal Aviation Administration, DOT

§ 61.1

Cross-country time means—
(i) Except as provided in paragraphs

(ii) through (vi) of this definition, time
acquired during flight—

(A) Conducted by a person who holds

a pilot certificate;

(B) Conducted in an aircraft;
(C) That includes a landing at a point

other than the point of departure; and

(D) That involves the use of dead

reckoning, pilotage, electronic naviga-
tion aids, radio aids, or other naviga-
tion systems to navigate to the landing
point.

(ii) For the purpose of meeting the

aeronautical experience requirements
(except for a rotorcraft category rat-
ing), for a private pilot certificate (ex-
cept for a powered parachute category
rating), a commercial pilot certificate,
or an instrument rating, or for the pur-
pose of exercising recreational pilot
privileges (except in a rotorcraft)
under § 61.101 (c), time acquired during
a flight—

(A) Conducted in an appropriate air-

craft;

(B) That includes a point of landing

that was at least a straight-line dis-
tance of more than 50 nautical miles
from the original point of departure;
and

reckoning, pilotage, electronic naviga-
tion aids, radio aids, or other naviga-
tion systems to navigate to the landing
point.

(iii) For the purpose of meeting the

aeronautical experience requirements
for a sport pilot certificate (except for
powered parachute privileges), time ac-
quired during a flight conducted in an
appropriate aircraft that—

(A) Includes a point of landing at

least a straight line distance of more
than 25 nautical miles from the origi-
nal point of departure; and

(B) Involves, as applicable, the use of

dead reckoning; pilotage; electronic
navigation aids; radio aids; or other
navigation systems to navigate to the
landing point.

(iv) For the purpose of meeting the

aeronautical experience requirements
for a sport pilot certificate with pow-
ered parachute privileges or a private
pilot certificate with a powered para-
chute category rating, time acquired

during a flight conducted in an appro-
priate aircraft that—

(A) Includes a point of landing at

least a straight line distance of more
than 15 nautical miles from the origi-
nal point of departure; and

(B) Involves, as applicable, the use of

dead reckoning; pilotage; electronic
navigation aids; radio aids; or other
navigation systems to navigate to the
landing point.

(v) For the purpose of meeting the

aeronautical experience requirements
for any pilot certificate with a rotor-
craft category rating or an instrument-
helicopter rating, or for the purpose of
exercising recreational pilot privileges,
in a rotorcraft, under § 61.101(c), time
acquired during a flight—

(A) Conducted in an appropriate air-

craft;

(B) That includes a point of landing

that was at least a straight-line dis-
tance of more than 25 nautical miles
from the original point of departure;
and

reckoning, pilotage, electronic naviga-
tion aids, radio aids, or other naviga-
tion systems to navigate to the landing
point.

(vi) For the purpose of meeting the

aeronautical experience requirements
for an airline transport pilot certifi-
cate (except with a rotorcraft category
rating), time acquired during a flight—

(A) Conducted in an appropriate air-

craft;

(B) That is at least a straight-line

distance of more than 50 nautical miles
from the original point of departure;
and

reckoning, pilotage, electronic naviga-
tion aids, radio aids, or other naviga-
tion systems.

(vii) For a military pilot who quali-

fies for a commercial pilot certificate
(except with a rotorcraft category rat-
ing) under § 61.73 of this part, time ac-
quired during a flight—

(A) Conducted in an appropriate air-

craft;

(B) That is at least a straight-line

distance of more than 50 nautical miles
from the original point of departure;
and

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14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)

§ 61.1

reckoning, pilotage, electronic naviga-
tion aids, radio aids, or other naviga-
tion systems.

Examiner means any person who is

authorized by the Administrator to
conduct a pilot proficiency test or a
practical test for an airman certificate
or rating issued under this part, or a
person who is authorized to conduct a
knowledge test under this part.

Flight training means that training,

other than ground training, received
from an authorized instructor in flight
in an aircraft.

Ground training means that training,

other than flight training, received
from an authorized instructor.

Institution of higher education has the

same meaning as defined by the De-
partment of Education in 34 CFR 600.4.

Instrument approach means an ap-

proach procedure defined in part 97 of
this chapter.

Instrument training means that time

in which instrument training is re-
ceived from an authorized instructor
under actual or simulated instrument
conditions.

Knowledge test means a test on the

aeronautical knowledge areas required
for an airman certificate or rating that
can be administered in written form or
by a computer.

Nationally recognized accrediting agen-

cy has the same meaning as defined by
the Department of Education in 34 CFR
600.2.

Night vision goggles means an appli-

ance worn by a pilot that enhances the
pilot’s ability to maintain visual sur-
face reference at night.

Night vision goggle operation means

the portion of a flight that occurs dur-
ing the time period from 1 hour after
sunset to 1 hour before sunrise where
the pilot maintains visual surface ref-
erence using night vision goggles in an
aircraft that is approved for such an
operation.

Pilot time means that time in which a

person—

(i) Serves as a required pilot flight

crewmember;

(ii) Receives training from an author-

ized instructor in an aircraft, full
flight simulator, flight training device,
or aviation training device;

(iii) Gives training as an authorized

instructor in an aircraft, full flight
simulator, flight training device, or
aviation training device; or

(iv) Serves as second in command in

operations conducted in accordance
with § 135.99(c) of this chapter when a
second pilot is not required under the
type certification of the aircraft or the
regulations under which the flight is
being conducted, provided the require-
ments in § 61.159(c) are satisfied.

Practical test means a test on the

areas of operations for an airman cer-
tificate, rating, or authorization that
is conducted by having the applicant
respond to questions and demonstrate
maneuvers in flight, in a flight simu-
lator, or in a flight training device.

Set of aircraft means aircraft that

share similar performance characteris-
tics, such as similar airspeed and alti-
tude operating envelopes, similar han-
dling characteristics, and the same
number and type of propulsion sys-
tems.

Student pilot seeking a sport pilot cer-

tificate means a person who has re-
ceived an endorsement—

(i) To exercise student pilot privi-

leges from a certificated flight instruc-
tor with a sport pilot rating; or

(ii) That includes a limitation for the

operation of a light-sport aircraft spec-
ified in § 61.89(c) issued by a certifi-
cated flight instructor with other than
a sport pilot rating.

Technically advanced airplane (TAA)

means an airplane equipped with an
electronically advanced avionics sys-
tem.

Training time means training re-

ceived—

(i) In flight from an authorized in-

structor;

(ii) On the ground from an authorized

instructor; or

(iii) In a flight simulator or flight

training device from an authorized in-
structor.

[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997;
Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40893, July 30, 1997 as
amended by Amdt. 61–110, 69 FR 44864, July
27, 2004; Amdt. 61–124, 74 FR 42546, Aug. 21,
2009; Amdt. 61–128, 76 FR 54105, Aug. 31, 2011;
Amdt. 61–130, 78 FR 42372, July 15, 2013;
Amdt. 61–137, 81 FR 42208, June 28, 2016;
Amdt. 61–142, 83 FR 30276, June 27, 2018]

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