title-14-part-61-sec61-153

555

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT

§ 61.153

(ii)

For a balloon—(A) Give flight and

ground training in a balloon for the
issuance of a certificate or rating;

(B) Give an endorsement for a pilot

certificate with a balloon rating;

operating privileges in a balloon; and

(D) Give ground and flight training

and endorsements that are required for
a flight review, an operating privilege,
or recency-of-experience requirements
of this part.

(b)

Limitations. (1) A person who ap-

plies for a commercial pilot certificate
with an airplane category or powered-
lift category rating and does not hold
an instrument rating in the same cat-
egory and class will be issued a com-
mercial pilot certificate that contains
the limitation, ‘‘The carriage of pas-
sengers for hire in (airplanes) (pow-
ered-lifts) on cross-country flights in
excess of 50 nautical miles or at night
is prohibited.’’ The limitation may be
removed when the person satisfactorily
accomplishes the requirements listed
in § 61.65 of this part for an instrument
rating in the same category and class
of aircraft listed on the person’s com-
mercial pilot certificate.

(2) If a person who applies for a com-

mercial pilot certificate with a balloon
rating takes a practical test in a bal-
loon with an airborne heater—

(i) The pilot certificate will contain a

limitation restricting the exercise of
the privileges of that certificate to a
balloon with an airborne heater.

(ii) The limitation specified in para-

graph (b)(2)(i) of this section may be
removed when the person obtains the
required aeronautical experience in a
gas balloon and receives a logbook en-
dorsement from an authorized instruc-
tor who attests to the person’s accom-
plishment of the required aeronautical
experience and ability to satisfactorily
operate a gas balloon.

(3) If a person who applies for a com-

mercial pilot certificate with a balloon
rating takes a practical test in a gas
balloon—

(i) The pilot certificate will contain a

limitation restricting the exercise of
the privileges of that certificate to a
gas balloon.

(ii) The limitation specified in para-

graph (b)(3)(i) of this section may be
removed when the person obtains the

required aeronautical experience in a
balloon with an airborne heater and re-
ceives a logbook endorsement from an
authorized instructor who attests to
the person’s accomplishment of the re-
quired aeronautical experience and
ability to satisfactorily operate a bal-
loon with an airborne heater.

[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997;
Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40905, July 30, 1997; Dock-
et FAA–2010–1127, Amdt. 61–135, 81 FR 1306,
Jan. 12, 2016]

§§ 61.135–61.141

[Reserved]

Subpart G—Airline Transport Pilots

§ 61.151

Applicability.

This subpart prescribes the require-

ments for the issuance of airline trans-
port pilot certificates and ratings, the
conditions under which those certifi-
cates and ratings are necessary, and
the general operating rules for persons
who hold those certificates and ratings.

§ 61.153

Eligibility requirements: Gen-

eral.

To be eligible for an airline transport

pilot certificate, a person must:

(a) Meet the following age require-

ments:

(1) For an airline transport pilot cer-

tificate obtained under the aero-
nautical experience requirements of
§§ 61.159, 61.161, or 61.163, be at least 23
years of age; or

(2) For an airline transport pilot cer-

tificate obtained under the aero-
nautical experience requirements of
§ 61.160, be at least 21 years of age.

(b) Be able to read, speak, write, and

understand the English language. If the
applicant is unable to meet one of
these requirements due to medical rea-
sons, then the Administrator may
place such operating limitations on
that applicant’s pilot certificate as are
necessary for the safe operation of the
aircraft;

requirements:

(1) Holds a commercial pilot certifi-

cate with an instrument rating issued
under this part;

(2) Meet the military experience re-

quirements under § 61.73 of this part to

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14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)

§ 61.155

qualify for a commercial pilot certifi-
cate, and an instrument rating if the
person is a rated military pilot or
former rated military pilot of an
Armed Force of the United States; or

(3) Holds either a foreign airline

transport pilot license with instrument
privileges, or a foreign commercial
pilot license with an instrument rat-
ing, that—

(i) Was issued by a contracting State

to the Convention on International
Civil Aviation; and

(ii) Contains no geographical limita-

tions.

(e) For an airline transport pilot cer-

tificate with an airplane category mul-
tiengine class rating or an airline
transport pilot certificate obtained
concurrently with a multiengine air-
plane type rating, receive a graduation
certificate from an authorized training
provider certifying completion of the
airline transport pilot certification
training program specified in § 61.156
before applying for the knowledge test
required by paragraph (g) of this sec-
tion;

(f) Meet the aeronautical experience

requirements of this subpart that apply
to the aircraft category and class rat-
ing sought before applying for the prac-
tical test;

(g) Pass a knowledge test on the

aeronautical knowledge areas of
§ 61.155(c) of this part that apply to the
aircraft category and class rating
sought;

(h) Pass the practical test on the

areas of operation listed in § 61.157(e) of
this part that apply to the aircraft cat-
egory and class rating sought; and

(i) Comply with the sections of this

subpart that apply to the aircraft cat-
egory and class rating sought.

[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997;
Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40905, July 30, 1997;
Amdt. 61–124, 74 FR 42559, Aug. 21, 2009;
Amdt. 61–130, 78 FR 42374, July 15, 2013;
Amdt. 61–149, 86 FR 62087, Nov. 9, 2021]

§ 61.155

Aeronautical knowledge.

(a)

General. The knowledge test for

an airline transport pilot certificate is
based on the aeronautical knowledge
areas listed in paragraph (c) of this sec-
tion that are appropriate to the air-
craft category and class rating sought.

(b)

Aircraft type rating. A person who

is applying for an additional aircraft
type rating to be added to an airline
transport pilot certificate is not re-
quired to pass a knowledge test if that
person’s airline transport pilot certifi-
cate lists the aircraft category and
class rating that is appropriate to the
type rating sought.

(c)

Aeronautical knowledge areas. (1)

Applicable Federal Aviation Regula-
tions of this chapter that relate to air-
line transport pilot privileges, limita-
tions, and flight operations;

(2) Meteorology, including knowledge

of and effects of fronts, frontal charac-
teristics, cloud formations, icing, and
upper-air data;

(3) General system of weather and

NOTAM collection, dissemination, in-
terpretation, and use;

(4) Interpretation and use of weather

charts, maps, forecasts, sequence re-
ports, abbreviations, and symbols;

(5) National Weather Service func-

tions as they pertain to operations in
the National Airspace System;

(6) Windshear and microburst aware-

ness, identification, and avoidance;

(7) Principles of air navigation under

instrument meteorological conditions
in the National Airspace System;

(8) Air traffic control procedures and

pilot responsibilities as they relate to
en route operations, terminal area and
radar operations, and instrument de-
parture and approach procedures;

(9) Aircraft loading, weight and bal-

ance, use of charts, graphs, tables, for-
mulas, and computations, and their ef-
fect on aircraft performance;

(10) Aerodynamics relating to an air-

craft’s flight characteristics and per-
formance in normal and abnormal
flight regimes;

(11) Human factors;
(12) Aeronautical decision making

and judgment;

(13) Crew resource management to in-

clude crew communication and coordi-
nation; and

(14) For an airline transport pilot

certificate with an airplane category
multiengine class rating or an airline
transport pilot certificate obtained
concurrently with a multiengine air-
plane type rating, the content of the