497
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
§ 61.57
month in which that pilot acts as pilot
in command, that person has—
(1) Accomplished a flight review
given in an aircraft for which that
pilot is rated by an authorized instruc-
tor and
(2) A logbook endorsed from an au-
thorized instructor who gave the re-
view certifying that the person has sat-
isfactorily completed the review.
(d) A person who has, within the pe-
riod specified in paragraph (c) of this
section, passed any of the following
need not accomplish the flight review
required by this section:
(1) A pilot proficiency check or prac-
tical test conducted by an examiner, an
approved pilot check airman, or a U.S.
Armed Force, for a pilot certificate,
rating, or operating privilege.
(2) A practical test conducted by an
examiner for the issuance of a flight in-
structor certificate, an additional rat-
ing on a flight instructor certificate,
renewal of a flight instructor certifi-
cate, or reinstatement of a flight in-
structor certificate.
(e) A person who has, within the pe-
riod specified in paragraph (c) of this
section, satisfactorily accomplished
one or more phases of an FAA-spon-
sored pilot proficiency award program
need not accomplish the flight review
required by this section.
(f) A person who holds a flight in-
structor certificate and who has, with-
in the period specified in paragraph (c)
of this section, satisfactorily com-
pleted a renewal of a flight instructor
certificate under the provisions in
§ 61.197 need not accomplish the one
hour of ground training specified in
paragraph (a) of this section.
(g) A student pilot need not accom-
plish the flight review required by this
section provided the student pilot is
undergoing training for a certificate
and has a current solo flight endorse-
ment as required under § 61.87 of this
part.
(h) The requirements of this section
may be accomplished in combination
with the requirements of § 61.57 and
other applicable recent experience re-
quirements at the discretion of the au-
thorized instructor conducting the
flight review.
(i) A flight simulator or flight train-
ing device may be used to meet the
flight review requirements of this sec-
tion subject to the following condi-
tions:
(1) The flight simulator or flight
training device must be used in accord-
ance with an approved course con-
ducted by a training center certificated
under part 142 of this chapter.
(2) Unless the flight review is under-
taken in a flight simulator that is ap-
proved for landings, the applicant must
meet the takeoff and landing require-
ments of § 61.57(a) or § 61.57(b) of this
part.
(3) The flight simulator or flight
training device used must represent an
aircraft or set of aircraft for which the
pilot is rated.
[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997;
Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40898, July 30, 1997;
Amdt. 61–104, 63 FR 20287, Apr. 23, 1998; Amdt.
61–124, 74 FR 42550, Aug. 21, 2009; Amdt. 61–
131, 78 FR 56828, Sept. 16, 2013]
§ 61.57
Recent flight experience: Pilot
in command.
(a)
General experience. (1) Except as
provided in paragraph (e) of this sec-
tion, no person may act as a pilot in
command of an aircraft carrying pas-
sengers or of an aircraft certificated
for more than one pilot flight crew-
member unless that person has made at
least three takeoffs and three landings
within the preceding 90 days, and—
(i) The person acted as the sole ma-
nipulator of the flight controls; and
(ii) The required takeoffs and land-
ings were performed in an aircraft of
the same category, class, and type (if a
type rating is required), and, if the air-
craft to be flown is an airplane with a
tailwheel, the takeoffs and landings
must have been made to a full stop in
an airplane with a tailwheel.
(2) For the purpose of meeting the re-
quirements of paragraph (a)(1) of this
section, a person may act as a pilot in
command of an aircraft under day VFR
or day IFR, provided no persons or
property are carried on board the air-
craft, other than those necessary for
the conduct of the flight.
(3) The takeoffs and landings re-
quired by paragraph (a)(1) of this sec-
tion may be accomplished in a full
flight simulator or flight training de-
vice that is—
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14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)
§ 61.57
(i) Approved by the Administrator for
landings; and
(ii) Used in accordance with an ap-
proved course conducted by a training
center certificated under part 142 of
this chapter.
(b)
Night takeoff and landing experi-
ence. (1) Except as provided in para-
graph (e) of this section, no person may
act as pilot in command of an aircraft
carrying passengers during the period
beginning 1 hour after sunset and end-
ing 1 hour before sunrise, unless within
the preceding 90 days that person has
made at least three takeoffs and three
landings to a full stop during the pe-
riod beginning 1 hour after sunset and
ending 1 hour before sunrise, and—
(i) That person acted as sole manipu-
lator of the flight controls; and
(ii) The required takeoffs and land-
ings were performed in an aircraft of
the same category, class, and type (if a
type rating is required).
(2) The takeoffs and landings re-
quired by paragraph (b)(1) of this sec-
tion may be accomplished in a full
flight simulator that is—
(i) Approved by the Administrator for
takeoffs and landings, if the visual sys-
tem is adjusted to represent the period
described in paragraph (b)(1) of this
section; and
(ii) Used in accordance with an ap-
proved course conducted by a training
center certificated under part 142 of
this chapter.
(c)
Instrument experience. Except as
provided in paragraph (e) of this sec-
tion, a person may act as pilot in com-
mand under IFR or weather conditions
less than the minimums prescribed for
VFR only if:
(1)
Use of an airplane, powered-lift, hel-
icopter, or airship for maintaining instru-
ment experience. Within the 6 calendar
months preceding the month of the
flight, that person performed and
logged at least the following tasks and
iterations in an airplane, powered-lift,
helicopter, or airship, as appropriate,
for the instrument rating privileges to
be maintained in actual weather condi-
tions, or under simulated conditions
using a view-limiting device that in-
volves having performed the fol-
lowing—
(i) Six instrument approaches.
(ii) Holding procedures and tasks.
(iii) Intercepting and tracking
courses through the use of navigational
electronic systems.
(2)
Use of a full flight simulator, flight
training device, or aviation training de-
vice for maintaining instrument experi-
ence. A pilot may accomplish the re-
quirements in paragraph (c)(1) of this
section in a full flight simulator, flight
training device, or aviation training
device provided the device represents
the category of aircraft for the instru-
ment rating privileges to be main-
tained and the pilot performs the tasks
and iterations in simulated instrument
conditions. A person may complete the
instrument experience in any combina-
tion of an aircraft, full flight simu-
lator, flight training device, or avia-
tion training device.
(3) Maintaining instrument recent
experience in a glider.
(i) Within the 6 calendar months pre-
ceding the month of the flight, that
person must have performed and logged
at least the following instrument cur-
rency tasks, iterations, and flight
time, and the instrument currency
must have been performed in actual
weather conditions or under simulated
weather conditions—
(A) One hour of instrument flight
time in a glider or in a single engine
airplane using a view-limiting device
while performing interception and
tracking courses through the use of
navigation electronic systems.
(B) Two hours of instrument flight
time in a glider or a single engine air-
plane with the use of a view-limiting
device while performing straight
glides, turns to specific headings, steep
turns, flight at various airspeeds, navi-
gation, and slow flight and stalls.
(ii) Before a pilot is allowed to carry
a passenger in a glider under IFR or in
weather conditions less than the mini-
mums prescribed for VFR, that pilot
must—
(A) Have logged and performed 2
hours of instrument flight time in a
glider within the 6 calendar months
preceding the month of the flight.
(B) Use a view-limiting-device while
practicing performance maneuvers,
performance airspeeds, navigation,
slow flight, and stalls.
(d)
Instrument proficiency check. (1)
Except as provided in paragraph (e) of
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§ 61.57
this section, a person who has failed to
meet the instrument experience re-
quirements of paragraph (c) of this sec-
tion for more than six calendar months
may reestablish instrument currency
only by completing an instrument pro-
ficiency check. The instrument pro-
ficiency check must consist of at least
the following areas of operation:
(i) Air traffic control clearances and
procedures;
(ii) Flight by reference to instru-
ments;
(iii) Navigation systems;
(iv) Instrument approach procedures;
(v) Emergency operations; and
(vi) Postflight procedures.
(2) The instrument proficiency check
must be—
(i) In an aircraft that is appropriate
to the aircraft category;
(ii) For other than a glider, in a full
flight simulator or flight training de-
vice that is representative of the air-
craft category; or
(iii) For a glider, in a single-engine
airplane or a glider.
(3) The instrument proficiency check
must be given by—
(i) An examiner;
(ii) A person authorized by the U.S.
Armed Forces to conduct instrument
flight tests, provided the person being
tested is a member of the U.S. Armed
Forces;
(iii) A company check pilot who is
authorized to conduct instrument
flight tests under part 121, 125, or 135 of
this chapter or subpart K of part 91 of
this chapter, and provided that both
the check pilot and the pilot being
tested are employees of that operator
or fractional ownership program man-
ager, as applicable;
(iv) An authorized instructor; or
(v) A person approved by the Admin-
istrator to conduct instrument prac-
tical tests.
(e)
Exceptions. (1) Paragraphs (a) and
(b) of this section do not apply to a
pilot in command who is employed by a
part 119 certificate holder authorized
to conduct operations under part 125
when the pilot is engaged in a flight
operation for that certificate holder if
the pilot in command is in compliance
with §§ 125.281 and 125.285 of this chap-
ter.
(2) This section does not apply to a
pilot in command who is employed by a
part 119 certificate holder authorized
to conduct operations under part 121
when the pilot is engaged in a flight
operation under part 91 or 121 for that
certificate holder if the pilot in com-
mand complies with §§ 121.436 and
121.439 of this chapter.
(3) This section does not apply to a
pilot in command who is employed by a
part 119 certificate holder authorized
to conduct operations under part 135
when the pilot is engaged in a flight
operation under parts 91 or 135 for that
certificate holder if the pilot in com-
mand is in compliance with §§ 135.243
and 135.247 of this chapter.
(4) Paragraph (b) of this section does
not apply to a pilot in command of a
turbine-powered airplane that is type
certificated for more than one pilot
crewmember, provided that pilot has
complied with the requirements of
paragraph (e)(4)(i) or (ii) of this sec-
tion:
(i) The pilot in command must hold
at least a commercial pilot certificate
with the appropriate category, class,
and type rating for each airplane that
is type certificated for more than one
pilot crewmember that the pilot seeks
to operate under this alternative, and:
(A) That pilot must have logged at
least 1,500 hours of aeronautical experi-
ence as a pilot;
(B) In each airplane that is type cer-
tificated for more than one pilot crew-
member that the pilot seeks to operate
under this alternative, that pilot must
have accomplished and logged the day-
time takeoff and landing recent flight
experience of paragraph (a) of this sec-
tion, as the sole manipulator of the
flight controls;
(C) Within the preceding 90 days prior
to the operation of that airplane that
is type certificated for more than one
pilot crewmember, the pilot must have
accomplished and logged at least 15
hours of flight time in the type of air-
plane that the pilot seeks to operate
under this alternative; and
(D) That pilot has accomplished and
logged at least 3 takeoffs and 3 land-
ings to a full stop, as the sole manipu-
lator of the flight controls, in a tur-
bine-powered airplane that requires
more than one pilot crewmember. The
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§ 61.57
pilot must have performed the takeoffs
and landings during the period begin-
ning 1 hour after sunset and ending 1
hour before sunrise within the pre-
ceding 6 months prior to the month of
the flight.
(ii) The pilot in command must hold
at least a commercial pilot certificate
with the appropriate category, class,
and type rating for each airplane that
is type certificated for more than one
pilot crewmember that the pilot seeks
to operate under this alternative, and:
(A) That pilot must have logged at
least 1,500 hours of aeronautical experi-
ence as a pilot;
(B) In each airplane that is type cer-
tificated for more than one pilot crew-
member that the pilot seeks to operate
under this alternative, that pilot must
have accomplished and logged the day-
time takeoff and landing recent flight
experience of paragraph (a) of this sec-
tion, as the sole manipulator of the
flight controls;
(C) Within the preceding 90 days prior
to the operation of that airplane that
is type certificated for more than one
pilot crewmember, the pilot must have
accomplished and logged at least 15
hours of flight time in the type of air-
plane that the pilot seeks to operate
under this alternative; and
(D) Within the preceding 12 months
prior to the month of the flight, the
pilot must have completed a training
program that is approved under part
142 of this chapter. The approved train-
ing program must have required and
the pilot must have performed, at least
6 takeoffs and 6 landings to a full stop
as the sole manipulator of the controls
in a full flight simulator that is rep-
resentative of a turbine-powered air-
plane that requires more than one pilot
crewmember. The full flight simula-
tor’s visual system must have been ad-
justed to represent the period begin-
ning 1 hour after sunset and ending 1
hour before sunrise.
(f)
Night vision goggle operating experi-
ence. (1) A person may act as pilot in
command in a night vision goggle oper-
ation with passengers on board only if,
within 2 calendar months preceding the
month of the flight, that person per-
forms and logs the following tasks as
the sole manipulator of the controls on
a flight during a night vision goggle
operation—
(i) Three takeoffs and three landings,
with each takeoff and landing includ-
ing a climbout, cruise, descent, and ap-
proach phase of flight (only required if
the pilot wants to use night vision gog-
gles during the takeoff and landing
phases of the flight).
(ii) Three hovering tasks (only re-
quired if the pilot wants to use night
vision goggles when operating heli-
copters or powered-lifts during the hov-
ering phase of flight).
(iii) Three area departure and area
arrival tasks.
(iv) Three tasks of transitioning from
aided night flight (
aided night flight
means that the pilot uses night vision
goggles to maintain visual surface ref-
erence) to unaided night flight (
unaided
night flight means that the pilot does
not use night vision goggles) and back
to aided night flight.
(v) Three night vision goggle oper-
ations, or when operating helicopters
or powered-lifts, six night vision goggle
operations.
(2) A person may act as pilot in com-
mand using night vision goggles only
if, within the 4 calendar months pre-
ceding the month of the flight, that
person performs and logs the tasks list-
ed in paragraph (f)(1)(i) through (v) of
this section as the sole manipulator of
the controls during a night vision gog-
gle operation.
(g)
Night vision goggle proficiency
check. A person must either meet the
night vision goggle experience require-
ments of paragraphs (f)(1) or (f)(2) of
this section or pass a night vision gog-
gle proficiency check to act as pilot in
command using night vision goggles.
The proficiency check must be per-
formed in the category of aircraft that
is appropriate to the night vision gog-
gle operation for which the person is
seeking the night vision goggle privi-
lege or in a full flight simulator or
flight training device that is represent-
ative of that category of aircraft. The
check must consist of the tasks listed
in § 61.31(k), and the check must be per-
formed by:
(1) An Examiner who is qualified to
perform night vision goggle operations
in that same aircraft category and
class;
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§ 61.58
(2) A person who is authorized by the
U.S. Armed Forces to perform night vi-
sion goggle proficiency checks, pro-
vided the person being administered
the check is also a member of the U.S.
Armed Forces;
(3) A company check pilot who is au-
thorized to perform night vision goggle
proficiency checks under parts 121, 125,
or 135 of this chapter, provided that
both the check pilot and the pilot
being tested are employees of that op-
erator;
(4) An authorized flight instructor
who is qualified to perform night vision
goggle operations in that same aircraft
category and class;
(5) A person who is qualified as pilot
in command for night vision goggle op-
erations in accordance with paragraph
(f) of this section; or
(6) A person approved by the FAA to
perform night vision goggle proficiency
checks.
[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997;
Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40898, July 30, 1997]
E
DITORIAL
N
OTE
: For F
EDERAL
R
EGISTER
ci-
tations affecting § 61.57, see the List of CFR
Sections Affected, which appears in the
Finding Aids section of the printed volume
and at
www.govinfo.gov.
§ 61.58
Pilot-in-command proficiency
check: Operation of an aircraft that
requires more than one pilot flight
crewmember or is turbojet-pow-
ered.
(a) Except as otherwise provided in
this section, to serve as pilot in com-
mand of an aircraft that is type certifi-
cated for more than one required pilot
flight crewmember or is turbojet-pow-
ered, a person must—
(1) Within the preceding 12 calendar
months, complete a pilot-in-command
proficiency check in an aircraft that is
type certificated for more than one re-
quired pilot flight crewmember or is
turbojet-powered; and
(2) Within the preceding 24 calendar
months, complete a pilot-in-command
proficiency check in the particular
type of aircraft in which that person
will serve as pilot in command, that is
type certificated for more than one re-
quired pilot flight crewmember or is
turbojet-powered.
(b) This section does not apply to
persons conducting operations under
subpart K of part 91, part 121, 125, 133,
135, or 137 of this chapter, or persons
maintaining continuing qualification
under an Advanced Qualification pro-
gram approved under subpart Y of part
121 of this chapter.
(c) The pilot-in-command proficiency
check given in accordance with the
provisions of subpart K of part 91, part
121, 125, or 135 of this chapter may be
used to satisfy the requirements of this
section.
(d) The pilot-in-command proficiency
check required by paragraph (a) of this
section may be accomplished by satis-
factory completion of one of the fol-
lowing:
(1) A pilot-in-command proficiency
check conducted by a person author-
ized by the Administrator, consisting
of the aeronautical knowledge areas,
areas of operations, and tasks required
for a type rating, in an aircraft that is
type certificated for more than one
pilot flight crewmember or is turbojet-
powered;
(2) The practical test required for a
type rating, in an aircraft that is type
certificated for more than one required
pilot flight crewmember or is turbojet-
powered;
(3) The initial or periodic practical
test required for the issuance of a pilot
examiner or check airman designation,
in an aircraft that is type certificated
for more than one required pilot flight
crewmember or is turbojet-powered;
(4) A pilot proficiency check adminis-
tered by a U.S. Armed Force that
qualifies the military pilot for pilot-in-
command designation with instrument
privileges, and was performed in a mili-
tary aircraft that the military requires
to be operated by more than one pilot
flight crewmember or is turbojet-pow-
ered;
(5) For a pilot authorized by the Ad-
ministrator to operate an experimental
turbojet-powered aircraft that pos-
sesses, by original design or through
modification, more than a single seat,
the required proficiency check for all
of the experimental turbojet-powered
aircraft for which the pilot holds an
authorization may be accomplished by
completing any one of the following:
(i) A single proficiency check, con-
ducted by an examiner authorized by
the Administrator, in any one of the
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