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513 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 61.68 

(d) 

Practical test procedures. The prac-

tical test consists of an oral increment 
and a flight increment. 

(1) 

Oral increment. In the oral incre-

ment of the practical test an applicant 
must demonstrate knowledge of the 
following: 

(i) Required landing distance; 
(ii) Recognition of the decision 

height; 

(iii) Missed approach procedures and 

techniques using computed or fixed at-
titude guidance displays; 

(iv) Use and limitations of RVR; 
(v) Use of visual clues, their avail-

ability or limitations, and altitude at 
which they are normally discernible at 
reduced RVR readings; 

(vi) Procedures and techniques re-

lated to transition from nonvisual to 
visual flight during a final approach 
under reduced RVR; 

(vii) Effects of vertical and hori-

zontal windshear; 

(viii) Characteristics and limitations 

of the ILS and runway lighting system; 

(ix) Characteristics and limitations 

of the flight director system, auto ap-
proach coupler (including split axis 
type if equipped), auto throttle system 
(if equipped), and other required Cat-
egory II equipment; 

(x) Assigned duties of the second in 

command during Category II ap-
proaches, unless the aircraft for which 
authorization is sought does not re-
quire a second in command; and 

(xi) Instrument and equipment fail-

ure warning systems. 

(2) 

Flight increment. The following re-

quirements apply to the flight incre-
ment of the practical test: 

(i) The flight increment must be con-

ducted in an aircraft of the same cat-
egory, class, and type, as applicable, as 
the aircraft in which the authorization 
is sought or in a flight simulator 
that— 

(A) Represents an aircraft of the 

same category and class, and type, as 
applicable, as the aircraft in which the 
authorization is sought; and 

(B) Is used in accordance with an ap-

proved course conducted by a training 
center certificated under part 142 of 
this chapter. 

(ii) The flight increment must con-

sist of at least two ILS approaches to 

100 feet AGL including at least one 
landing and one missed approach. 

(iii) All approaches performed during 

the flight increment must be made 
with the use of an approved flight con-
trol guidance system, except if an ap-
proved auto approach coupler is in-
stalled, at least one approach must be 
hand flown using flight director com-
mands. 

(iv) If a multiengine airplane with 

the performance capability to execute 
a missed approach with one engine in-
operative is used for the practical test, 
the flight increment must include the 
performance of one missed approach 
with an engine, which shall be the 
most critical engine, if applicable, set 
at idle or zero thrust before reaching 
the middle marker. 

(v) If a multiengine flight simulator 

or multiengine flight training device is 
used for the practical test, the appli-
cant must execute a missed approach 
with the most critical engine, if appli-
cable, failed. 

(vi) For an authorization for an air-

craft that requires a type rating, the 
practical test must be performed in co-
ordination with a second in command 
who holds a type rating in the aircraft 
in which the authorization is sought. 

(vii) Oral questioning may be con-

ducted at any time during a practical 
test. 

[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997; 
Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40900, July 30, 1997] 

§ 61.68

Category III pilot authorization 

requirements. 

(a) 

General.  A person who applies for 

a Category III pilot authorization must 
hold: 

(1) At least a private pilot certificate 

or commercial pilot certificate with an 
instrument rating or an airline trans-
port pilot certificate; 

(2) A type rating for the aircraft for 

which the authorization is sought if 
that aircraft requires a type rating; 
and 

(3) A category and class rating for 

the aircraft for which the authoriza-
tion is sought. 

(b) 

Experience requirements. An appli-

cant for a Category III pilot authoriza-
tion must have at least— 

(1) 50 hours of night flight time as 

pilot in command. 

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514 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 61.68 

(2) 75 hours of instrument flight time 

during actual or simulated instrument 
conditions that may include not more 
than— 

(i) A combination of 25 hours of simu-

lated instrument flight time in a flight 
simulator or flight training device; or 

(ii) 40 hours of simulated instrument 

flight time if accomplished in an ap-
proved course conducted by an appro-
priately rated training center certifi-
cated under part 142 of this chapter. 

(3) 250 hours of cross-country flight 

time as pilot in command. 

(c) 

Practical test requirements. (1) A 

practical test must be passed by a per-
son who applies for— 

(i) Issuance or renewal of a Category 

III pilot authorization; and 

(ii) The addition of another type of 

aircraft to the applicant’s Category III 
pilot authorization. 

(2) To be eligible for the practical 

test for an authorization under this 
section, an applicant must— 

(i) Meet the requirements of para-

graphs (a) and (b) of this section; and 

(ii) If the applicant has not passed a 

practical test for this authorization 
during the 12 calendar months pre-
ceding the month of the test, then that 
person must— 

(A) Meet the requirements of 

§ 61.57(c); and 

(B) Have performed at least six ILS 

approaches during the 6 calendar 
months preceding the month of the 
test, of which at least three of the ap-
proaches must have been conducted 
without the use of an approach coupler. 

(3) The approaches specified in para-

graph (c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section— 

(i) Must be conducted under actual or 

simulated instrument flight condi-
tions; 

(ii) Must be conducted to the alert 

height or decision height for the ILS 
approach in the type aircraft in which 
the practical test is to be conducted; 

(iii) Need not be conducted to the de-

cision height authorized for Category 
III operations; 

(iv) Must be conducted to the alert 

height or decision height, as applica-
ble, authorized for Category III oper-
ations only if conducted in a flight 
simulator or flight training device; and 

(v) Must be accomplished in an air-

craft of the same category and class, 

and type, as applicable, as the aircraft 
in which the practical test is to be con-
ducted or in a flight simulator that— 

(A) Represents an aircraft of the 

same category and class, and type, as 
applicable, as the aircraft for which the 
authorization is sought; and 

(B) Is used in accordance with an ap-

proved course conducted by a training 
center certificated under part 142 of 
this chapter. 

(4) The flight time acquired in meet-

ing the requirements of paragraph 
(c)(2)(ii)(B) of this section may be used 
to meet the requirements of paragraph 
(c)(2)(ii)(A) of this section. 

(d) 

Practical test procedures. The prac-

tical test consists of an oral increment 
and a flight increment. 

(1) 

Oral increment. In the oral incre-

ment of the practical test an applicant 
must demonstrate knowledge of the 
following: 

(i) Required landing distance; 
(ii) Determination and recognition of 

the alert height or decision height, as 
applicable, including use of a radar al-
timeter; 

(iii) Recognition of and proper reac-

tion to significant failures encountered 
prior to and after reaching the alert 
height or decision height, as applica-
ble; 

(iv) Missed approach procedures and 

techniques using computed or fixed at-
titude guidance displays and expected 
height loss as they relate to manual 
go-around or automatic go-around, and 
initiation altitude, as applicable; 

(v) Use and limitations of RVR, in-

cluding determination of controlling 
RVR and required transmissometers; 

(vi) Use, availability, or limitations 

of visual cues and the altitude at which 
they are normally discernible at re-
duced RVR readings including— 

(A) Unexpected deterioration of con-

ditions to less than minimum RVR 
during approach, flare, and rollout; 

(B) Demonstration of expected visual 

references with weather at minimum 
conditions; 

(C) The expected sequence of visual 

cues during an approach in which visi-
bility is at or above landing minima; 
and 

(D) Procedures and techniques for 

making a transition from instrument 

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515 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 61.69 

reference flight to visual flight during 
a final approach under reduced RVR. 

(vii) Effects of vertical and hori-

zontal windshear; 

(viii) Characteristics and limitations 

of the ILS and runway lighting system; 

(ix) Characteristics and limitations 

of the flight director system auto ap-
proach coupler (including split axis 
type if equipped), auto throttle system 
(if equipped), and other Category III 
equipment; 

(x) Assigned duties of the second in 

command during Category III oper-
ations, unless the aircraft for which 
authorization is sought does not re-
quire a second in command; 

(xi) Recognition of the limits of ac-

ceptable aircraft position and flight 
path tracking during approach, flare, 
and, if applicable, rollout; and 

(xii) Recognition of, and reaction to, 

airborne or ground system faults or ab-
normalities, particularly after passing 
alert height or decision height, as ap-
plicable. 

(2) 

Flight increment. The following re-

quirements apply to the flight incre-
ment of the practical test— 

(i) The flight increment may be con-

ducted in an aircraft of the same cat-
egory and class, and type, as applica-
ble, as the aircraft for which the au-
thorization is sought, or in a flight 
simulator that— 

(A) Represents an aircraft of the 

same category and class, and type, as 
applicable, as the aircraft in which the 
authorization is sought; and 

(B) Is used in accordance with an ap-

proved course conducted by a training 
center certificated under part 142 of 
this chapter. 

(ii) The flight increment must con-

sist of at least two ILS approaches to 
100 feet AGL, including one landing and 
one missed approach initiated from a 
very low altitude that may result in a 
touchdown during the go-around ma-
neuver; 

(iii) All approaches performed during 

the flight increment must be made 
with the approved automatic landing 
system or an equivalent landing sys-
tem approved by the Administrator; 

(iv) If a multiengine aircraft with the 

performance capability to execute a 
missed approach with one engine inop-
erative is used for the practical test, 

the flight increment must include the 
performance of one missed approach 
with the most critical engine, if appli-
cable, set at idle or zero thrust before 
reaching the middle or outer marker; 

(v) If a multiengine flight simulator 

or multiengine flight training device is 
used, a missed approach must be exe-
cuted with an engine, which shall be 
the most critical engine, if applicable, 
failed; 

(vi) For an authorization for an air-

craft that requires a type rating, the 
practical test must be performed in co-
ordination with a second in command 
who holds a type rating in the aircraft 
in which the authorization is sought; 

(vii) Oral questioning may be con-

ducted at any time during the practical 
test; 

(viii) Subject to the limitations of 

this paragraph, for Category IIIb oper-
ations predicated on the use of a fail- 
passive rollout control system, at least 
one manual rollout using visual ref-
erence or a combination of visual and 
instrument references must be exe-
cuted. The maneuver required by this 
paragraph shall be initiated by a fail- 
passive disconnect of the rollout con-
trol system— 

(A) After main gear touchdown; 
(B) Prior to nose gear touchdown; 
(C) In conditions representative of 

the most adverse lateral touchdown 
displacement allowing a safe landing 
on the runway; and 

(D) In weather conditions anticipated 

in Category IIIb operations. 

[Doc. No. 25910, 62 FR 16298, Apr. 4, 1997; 
Amdt. 61–103, 62 FR 40900, July 30, 1997] 

§ 61.69

Glider and unpowered ultra-

light vehicle towing: Experience 
and training requirements. 

(a) No person may act as pilot in 

command for towing a glider or 
unpowered ultralight vehicle unless 
that person— 

(1) Holds a private, commercial or 

airline transport pilot certificate with 
a category rating for powered aircraft; 

(2) Has logged at least 100 hours of 

pilot-in-command time in the aircraft 
category, class and type, if required, 
that the pilot is using to tow a glider 
or unpowered ultralight vehicle; 

(3) Has a logbook endorsement from 

an authorized instructor who certifies 

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