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794 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 91.1063 

a program manager elects to reduce 
the rest period to 10 hours as author-
ized by paragraph (a)(8) of this section, 
the program manager may not sched-
ule a flight attendant for a duty period 
of more than 14 hours during the 24- 
hour period commencing after the be-
ginning of the reduced rest period. 

(b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a) of 

this section, a program manager may 
apply the flight crewmember flight 
time and duty limitations and rest re-
quirements of this part to flight at-
tendants for all operations conducted 
under this part provided that the pro-
gram manager establishes written pro-
cedures that— 

(1) Apply to all flight attendants used 

in the program manager’s operation; 

(2) Include the flight crewmember 

rest and duty requirements of §§ 91.1057, 
91.1059, and 91.1061, as appropriate to 
the operation being conducted, except 
that rest facilities on board the air-
craft are not required; 

(3) Include provisions to add one 

flight attendant to the minimum flight 
attendant complement for each flight 
crewmember who is in excess of the 
minimum number required in the air-
craft type certificate data sheet and 
who is assigned to the aircraft under 
the provisions of § 91.1061; and 

(4) Are approved by the Adminis-

trator and described or referenced in 
the program manager’s management 
specifications. 

§ 91.1063

Testing and training: Appli-

cability and terms used. 

(a) Sections 91.1065 through 91.1107: 
(1) Prescribe the tests and checks re-

quired for pilots and flight attendant 
crewmembers and for the approval of 
check pilots in operations under this 
subpart; 

(2) Prescribe the requirements for es-

tablishing and maintaining an ap-
proved training program for crew-
members, check pilots and instructors, 
and other operations personnel em-
ployed or used by the program manager 
in program operations; 

(3) Prescribe the requirements for the 

qualification, approval and use of air-
craft simulators and flight training de-
vices in the conduct of an approved 
training program; and 

(4) Permits training center personnel 

authorized under part 142 of this chap-
ter who meet the requirements of 
§ 91.1075 to conduct training, testing 
and checking under contract or other 
arrangements to those persons subject 
to the requirements of this subpart. 

(b) If authorized by the Adminis-

trator, a program manager may com-
ply with the applicable training and 
testing sections of part 121, subparts N 
and O of this chapter instead of 
§§ 91.1065 through 91.1107, provided that 
the following additional limitations 
and allowances apply to program man-
agers so authorized: 

(1) 

Operating experience and operations 

familiarization.  Program managers are 
not required to comply with the oper-
ating experience requirements of 
§ 121.434 or the operations familiariza-
tion requirements of § 121.435 of this 
chapter. 

(2) 

Upgrade training. (i) Each program 

manager must include in upgrade 
ground training for pilots, instruction 
in at least the subjects identified in 
§ 121.419(a) of this chapter, as applicable 
to their assigned duties; and, for pilots 
serving in crews of two or more pilots, 
beginning on April 27, 2022, instruction 
and facilitated discussion in the sub-
jects identified in § 121.419(c) of this 
chapter. 

(ii) Each program manager must in-

clude in upgrade flight training for pi-
lots, flight training for the maneuvers 
and procedures required in § 121.424(a), 
(c), (e), and (f) of this chapter; and, for 
pilots serving in crews of two or more 
pilots, beginning on April 27, 2022, the 
flight training required in § 121.424(b) of 
this chapter. 

(3) 

Initial and recurrent leadership and 

command and mentoring training. Pro-
gram managers are not required to in-
clude leadership and command training 
in §§ 121.409(b)(2)(ii)(B)(

6), 121.419(c)(1), 

121.424(b) and 121.427(d)(1) of this chap-
ter, and mentoring training in 
§§ 121.419(c)(2) and 121.427(d)(1) of this 
chapter in initial and recurrent train-
ing for pilots in command who serve in 
operations that use only one pilot. 

(4) 

One-time leadership and command 

and mentoring training. Section 121.429 
of this chapter does not apply to pro-
gram managers conducting operations 

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795 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 91.1065 

under this subpart when those oper-
ations use only one pilot. 

(c) If authorized by the Adminis-

trator, a program manager may com-
ply with the applicable training and 
testing sections of subparts G and H of 
part 135 of this chapter instead of 
§§ 91.1065 through 91.1107, except for the 
operating experience requirements of 
§ 135.244 of this chapter. 

(d) For the purposes of this subpart, 

the following terms and definitions 
apply: 

(1) 

Initial training. The training re-

quired for crewmembers who have not 
qualified and served in the same capac-
ity on an aircraft. 

(2) 

Transition training. The training 

required for crewmembers who have 
qualified and served in the same capac-
ity on another aircraft. 

(3) 

Upgrade training. The training re-

quired for crewmembers who have 
qualified and served as second in com-
mand on a particular aircraft type, be-
fore they serve as pilot in command on 
that aircraft. 

(4) 

Differences training. The training 

required for crewmembers who have 
qualified and served on a particular 
type aircraft, when the Administrator 
finds differences training is necessary 
before a crewmember serves in the 
same capacity on a particular vari-
ation of that aircraft. 

(5) 

Recurrent training. The training 

required for crewmembers to remain 
adequately trained and currently pro-
ficient for each aircraft crewmember 
position, and type of operation in 
which the crewmember serves. 

(6) 

In flight. The maneuvers, proce-

dures, or functions that will be con-
ducted in the aircraft. 

(7) 

Training center. An organization 

governed by the applicable require-
ments of part 142 of this chapter that 
conducts training, testing, and check-
ing under contract or other arrange-
ment to program managers subject to 
the requirements of this subpart. 

(8) 

Requalification training. The train-

ing required for crewmembers pre-
viously trained and qualified, but who 
have become unqualified because of not 
having met within the required period 
any of the following: 

(i) Recurrent crewmember training 

requirements of § 91.1107. 

(ii) Instrument proficiency check re-

quirements of § 91.1069. 

(iii) Testing requirements of § 91.1065. 
(iv) Recurrent flight attendant test-

ing requirements of § 91.1067. 

[Docket No. FAA–2001–10047, 68 FR 54561, 
Sept. 17, 2003, as amended by Amdt. 61-144, 85 
FR 10920, Feb. 25, 2020] 

§ 91.1065

Initial and recurrent pilot 

testing requirements. 

(a) No program manager or owner 

may use a pilot, nor may any person 
serve as a pilot, unless, since the begin-
ning of the 12th month before that 
service, that pilot has passed either a 
written or oral test (or a combination), 
given by the Administrator or an au-
thorized check pilot, on that pilot’s 
knowledge in the following areas— 

(1) The appropriate provisions of 

parts 61 and 91 of this chapter and the 
management specifications and the op-
erating manual of the program man-
ager; 

(2) For each type of aircraft to be 

flown by the pilot, the aircraft power-
plant, major components and systems, 
major appliances, performance and op-
erating limitations, standard and 
emergency operating procedures, and 
the contents of the accepted operating 
manual or equivalent, as applicable; 

(3) For each type of aircraft to be 

flown by the pilot, the method of deter-
mining compliance with weight and 
balance limitations for takeoff, landing 
and en route operations; 

(4) Navigation and use of air naviga-

tion aids appropriate to the operation 
or pilot authorization, including, when 
applicable, instrument approach facili-
ties and procedures; 

(5) Air traffic control procedures, in-

cluding IFR procedures when applica-
ble; 

(6) Meteorology in general, including 

the principles of frontal systems, icing, 
fog, thunderstorms, and windshear, 
and, if appropriate for the operation of 
the program manager, high altitude 
weather; 

(7) Procedures for— 
(i) Recognizing and avoiding severe 

weather situations; 

(ii) Escaping from severe weather sit-

uations, in case of inadvertent encoun-
ters, including low-altitude windshear 
(except that rotorcraft aircraft pilots 

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