title-14-part-91-sec91-1065

795

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT

§ 91.1065

under this subpart when those oper-
ations use only one pilot.

trator, a program manager may com-
ply with the applicable training and
testing sections of subparts G and H of
part 135 of this chapter instead of
§§ 91.1065 through 91.1107, except for the
operating experience requirements of
§ 135.244 of this chapter.

(d) For the purposes of this subpart,

the following terms and definitions
apply:

(1)

Initial training. The training re-

quired for crewmembers who have not
qualified and served in the same capac-
ity on an aircraft.

(2)

Transition training. The training

required for crewmembers who have
qualified and served in the same capac-
ity on another aircraft.

(3)

Upgrade training. The training re-

quired for crewmembers who have
qualified and served as second in com-
mand on a particular aircraft type, be-
fore they serve as pilot in command on
that aircraft.

(4)

Differences training. The training

required for crewmembers who have
qualified and served on a particular
type aircraft, when the Administrator
finds differences training is necessary
before a crewmember serves in the
same capacity on a particular vari-
ation of that aircraft.

(5)

Recurrent training. The training

required for crewmembers to remain
adequately trained and currently pro-
ficient for each aircraft crewmember
position, and type of operation in
which the crewmember serves.

(6)

In flight. The maneuvers, proce-

dures, or functions that will be con-
ducted in the aircraft.

(7)

Training center. An organization

governed by the applicable require-
ments of part 142 of this chapter that
conducts training, testing, and check-
ing under contract or other arrange-
ment to program managers subject to
the requirements of this subpart.

(8)

Requalification training. The train-

ing required for crewmembers pre-
viously trained and qualified, but who
have become unqualified because of not
having met within the required period
any of the following:

(i) Recurrent crewmember training

requirements of § 91.1107.

(ii) Instrument proficiency check re-

quirements of § 91.1069.

(iii) Testing requirements of § 91.1065.
(iv) Recurrent flight attendant test-

ing requirements of § 91.1067.

[Docket No. FAA–2001–10047, 68 FR 54561,
Sept. 17, 2003, as amended by Amdt. 61-144, 85
FR 10920, Feb. 25, 2020]

§ 91.1065

Initial and recurrent pilot

testing requirements.

(a) No program manager or owner

may use a pilot, nor may any person
serve as a pilot, unless, since the begin-
ning of the 12th month before that
service, that pilot has passed either a
written or oral test (or a combination),
given by the Administrator or an au-
thorized check pilot, on that pilot’s
knowledge in the following areas—

(1) The appropriate provisions of

parts 61 and 91 of this chapter and the
management specifications and the op-
erating manual of the program man-
ager;

(2) For each type of aircraft to be

flown by the pilot, the aircraft power-
plant, major components and systems,
major appliances, performance and op-
erating limitations, standard and
emergency operating procedures, and
the contents of the accepted operating
manual or equivalent, as applicable;

(3) For each type of aircraft to be

flown by the pilot, the method of deter-
mining compliance with weight and
balance limitations for takeoff, landing
and en route operations;

(4) Navigation and use of air naviga-

tion aids appropriate to the operation
or pilot authorization, including, when
applicable, instrument approach facili-
ties and procedures;

(5) Air traffic control procedures, in-

cluding IFR procedures when applica-
ble;

(6) Meteorology in general, including

the principles of frontal systems, icing,
fog, thunderstorms, and windshear,
and, if appropriate for the operation of
the program manager, high altitude
weather;

(7) Procedures for—
(i) Recognizing and avoiding severe

weather situations;

(ii) Escaping from severe weather sit-

uations, in case of inadvertent encoun-
ters, including low-altitude windshear
(except that rotorcraft aircraft pilots

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§ 91.1067

are not required to be tested on escap-
ing from low-altitude windshear); and

(iii) Operating in or near thunder-

storms (including best penetration al-
titudes), turbulent air (including clear
air turbulence), icing, hail, and other
potentially hazardous meteorological
conditions; and

(8) New equipment, procedures, or

techniques, as appropriate.

(b) No program manager or owner

may use a pilot, nor may any person
serve as a pilot, in any aircraft unless,
since the beginning of the 12th month
before that service, that pilot has
passed a competency check given by
the Administrator or an authorized
check pilot in that class of aircraft, if
single-engine aircraft other than tur-
bojet, or that type of aircraft, if rotor-
craft, multiengine aircraft, or turbojet
airplane, to determine the pilot’s com-
petence in practical skills and tech-
niques in that aircraft or class of air-
craft. The extent of the competency
check will be determined by the Ad-
ministrator or authorized check pilot
conducting the competency check. The
competency check may include any of
the maneuvers and procedures cur-
rently required for the original
issuance of the particular pilot certifi-
cate required for the operations au-
thorized and appropriate to the cat-
egory, class and type of aircraft in-
volved. For the purposes of this para-
graph, type, as to an airplane, means
any one of a group of airplanes deter-
mined by the Administrator to have a
similar means of propulsion, the same
manufacturer, and no significantly dif-
ferent handling or flight characteris-
tics. For the purposes of this para-
graph, type, as to a rotorcraft, means a
basic make and model.

required by § 91.1069 may be substituted
for the competency check required by
this section for the type of aircraft
used in the check.

(d) For the purpose of this subpart,

competent performance of a procedure
or maneuver by a person to be used as
a pilot requires that the pilot be the
obvious master of the aircraft, with the
successful outcome of the maneuver
never in doubt.

(e) The Administrator or authorized

check pilot certifies the competency of

each pilot who passes the knowledge or
flight check in the program manager’s
pilot records.

(f) All or portions of a required com-

petency check may be given in an air-
craft simulator or other appropriate
training device, if approved by the Ad-
ministrator.

(g) If the program manager is author-

ized to conduct EFVS operations, the
competency check in paragraph (b) of
this section must include tasks appro-
priate to the EFVS operations the cer-
tificate holder is authorized to con-
duct.

[Docket No. FAA–2001–10047, 68 FR 54561,
Sept. 17, 2003, as amended by Docket FAA–
2013–0485, Amdt. 91–345, 81 FR 90175, Dec. 13,
2016]

§ 91.1067

Initial and recurrent flight

attendant crewmember testing re-
quirements.

No program manager or owner may

use a flight attendant crewmember,
nor may any person serve as a flight
attendant crewmember unless, since
the beginning of the 12th month before
that service, the program manager has
determined by appropriate initial and
recurrent testing that the person is
knowledgeable and competent in the
following areas as appropriate to as-
signed duties and responsibilities—

(a) Authority of the pilot in com-

mand;

(b) Passenger handling, including

procedures to be followed in handling
deranged persons or other persons
whose conduct might jeopardize safety;

tions, and responsibilities during ditch-
ing and evacuation of persons who may
need the assistance of another person
to move expeditiously to an exit in an
emergency;

(d) Briefing of passengers;
(e) Location and operation of port-

able fire extinguishers and other items
of emergency equipment;

(f) Proper use of cabin equipment and

controls;

(g) Location and operation of pas-

senger oxygen equipment;

(h) Location and operation of all nor-

mal and emergency exits, including
evacuation slides and escape ropes; and

(i) Seating of persons who may need

assistance of another person to move