800
14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)
§ 91.1079
interest of safety, the Administrator
may, upon a statement of the reasons,
require a change effective without
stay.
§ 91.1079
Training program: Cur-
riculum.
(a) Each program manager must pre-
pare and keep current a written train-
ing program curriculum for each type
of aircraft for each crewmember re-
quired for that type aircraft. The cur-
riculum must include ground and flight
training required by this subpart.
(b) Each training program cur-
riculum must include the following:
(1) A list of principal ground training
subjects, including emergency training
subjects, that are provided.
(2) A list of all the training devices,
mock-ups, systems trainers, procedures
trainers, or other training aids that
the program manager will use.
(3) Detailed descriptions or pictorial
displays of the approved normal, abnor-
mal, and emergency maneuvers, proce-
dures and functions that will be per-
formed during each flight training
phase or flight check, indicating those
maneuvers, procedures and functions
that are to be performed during the
inflight portions of flight training and
flight checks.
§ 91.1081
Crewmember training re-
quirements.
(a) Each program manager must in-
clude in its training program the fol-
lowing initial and transition ground
training as appropriate to the par-
ticular assignment of the crewmember:
(1) Basic indoctrination ground train-
ing for newly hired crewmembers in-
cluding instruction in at least the—
(i) Duties and responsibilities of
crewmembers as applicable;
(ii) Appropriate provisions of this
chapter;
(iii) Contents of the program man-
ager’s management specifications (not
required for flight attendants); and
(iv) Appropriate portions of the pro-
gram manager’s operating manual.
(2) The initial and transition ground
training in §§ 91.1101 and 91.1105, as ap-
plicable.
(3) Emergency training in § 91.1083.
(b) Each training program must pro-
vide the initial and transition flight
training in § 91.1103, as applicable.
(c) Each training program must pro-
vide recurrent ground and flight train-
ing as provided in § 91.1107.
(d) Upgrade training in §§ 91.1101 and
91.1103 for a particular type aircraft
may be included in the training pro-
gram for crewmembers who have quali-
fied and served as second in command
on that aircraft.
(e) In addition to initial, transition,
upgrade and recurrent training, each
training program must provide ground
and flight training, instruction, and
practice necessary to ensure that each
crewmember—
(1) Remains adequately trained and
currently proficient for each aircraft,
crewmember position, and type of oper-
ation in which the crewmember serves;
and
(2) Qualifies in new equipment, facili-
ties, procedures, and techniques, in-
cluding modifications to aircraft.
§ 91.1083
Crewmember emergency
training.
(a) Each training program must pro-
vide emergency training under this sec-
tion for each aircraft type, model, and
configuration, each crewmember, and
each kind of operation conducted, as
appropriate for each crewmember and
the program manager.
(b) Emergency training must provide
the following:
(1) Instruction in emergency assign-
ments and procedures, including co-
ordination among crewmembers.
(2) Individual instruction in the loca-
tion, function, and operation of emer-
gency equipment including—
(i) Equipment used in ditching and
evacuation;
(ii) First aid equipment and its prop-
er use; and
(iii) Portable fire extinguishers, with
emphasis on the type of extinguisher to
be used on different classes of fires.
(3) Instruction in the handling of
emergency situations including—
(i) Rapid decompression;
(ii) Fire in flight or on the surface
and smoke control procedures with em-
phasis on electrical equipment and re-
lated circuit breakers found in cabin
areas;
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Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
§ 91.1089
(iii) Ditching and evacuation;
(iv) Illness, injury, or other abnormal
situations involving passengers or
crewmembers; and
(v) Hijacking and other unusual situ-
ations.
(4) Review and discussion of previous
aircraft accidents and incidents involv-
ing actual emergency situations.
(c) Each crewmember must perform
at least the following emergency drills,
using the proper emergency equipment
and procedures, unless the Adminis-
trator finds that, for a particular drill,
the crewmember can be adequately
trained by demonstration:
(1) Ditching, if applicable.
(2) Emergency evacuation.
(3) Fire extinguishing and smoke con-
trol.
(4) Operation and use of emergency
exits, including deployment and use of
evacuation slides, if applicable.
(5) Use of crew and passenger oxygen.
(6) Removal of life rafts from the air-
craft, inflation of the life rafts, use of
lifelines, and boarding of passengers
and crew, if applicable.
(7) Donning and inflation of life vests
and the use of other individual flota-
tion devices, if applicable.
(d) Crewmembers who serve in oper-
ations above 25,000 feet must receive
instruction in the following:
(1) Respiration.
(2) Hypoxia.
(3) Duration of consciousness without
supplemental oxygen at altitude.
(4) Gas expansion.
(5) Gas bubble formation.
(6) Physical phenomena and incidents
of decompression.
§ 91.1085
Hazardous materials recogni-
tion training.
No program manager may use any
person to perform, and no person may
perform, any assigned duties and re-
sponsibilities for the handling or car-
riage of hazardous materials (as de-
fined in 49 CFR 171.8), unless that per-
son has received training in the rec-
ognition of hazardous materials.
§ 91.1087
Approval of aircraft simula-
tors and other training devices.
(a) Training courses using aircraft
simulators and other training devices
may be included in the program man-
ager’s training program if approved by
the Administrator.
(b) Each aircraft simulator and other
training device that is used in a train-
ing course or in checks required under
this subpart must meet the following
requirements:
(1) It must be specifically approved
for—
(i) The program manager; and
(ii) The particular maneuver, proce-
dure, or crewmember function in-
volved.
(2) It must maintain the perform-
ance, functional, and other characteris-
tics that are required for approval.
(3) Additionally, for aircraft simula-
tors, it must be—
(i) Approved for the type aircraft
and, if applicable, the particular vari-
ation within type for which the train-
ing or check is being conducted; and
(ii) Modified to conform with any
modification to the aircraft being sim-
ulated that changes the performance,
functional, or other characteristics re-
quired for approval.
(c) A particular aircraft simulator or
other training device may be used by
more than one program manager.
(d) In granting initial and final ap-
proval of training programs or revi-
sions to them, the Administrator con-
siders the training devices, methods,
and procedures listed in the program
manager’s curriculum under § 91.1079.
§ 91.1089
Qualifications: Check pilots
(aircraft) and check pilots (simu-
lator).
(a) For the purposes of this section
and § 91.1093:
(1) A check pilot (aircraft) is a person
who is qualified to conduct flight
checks in an aircraft, in a flight simu-
lator, or in a flight training device for
a particular type aircraft.
(2) A check pilot (simulator) is a per-
son who is qualified to conduct flight
checks, but only in a flight simulator,
in a flight training device, or both, for
a particular type aircraft.
(3) Check pilots (aircraft) and check
pilots (simulator) are those check pi-
lots who perform the functions de-
scribed in § 91.1073(a)(4) and (c).
(b) No program manager may use a
person, nor may any person serve as a
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