802 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 91.1091 

check pilot (aircraft) in a training pro-
gram established under this subpart 
unless, with respect to the aircraft 
type involved, that person— 

(1) Holds the pilot certificates and 

ratings required to serve as a pilot in 
command in operations under this sub-
part; 

(2) Has satisfactorily completed the 

training phases for the aircraft, includ-
ing recurrent training, that are re-
quired to serve as a pilot in command 
in operations under this subpart; 

(3) Has satisfactorily completed the 

proficiency or competency checks that 
are required to serve as a pilot in com-
mand in operations under this subpart; 

(4) Has satisfactorily completed the 

applicable training requirements of 
§ 91.1093; 

(5) Holds at least a Class III medical 

certificate unless serving as a required 
crewmember, in which case holds a 
Class I or Class II medical certificate 
as appropriate; and 

(6) Has been approved by the Admin-

istrator for the check pilot duties in-
volved. 

(c) No program manager may use a 

person, nor may any person serve as a 
check pilot (simulator) in a training 
program established under this subpart 
unless, with respect to the aircraft 
type involved, that person meets the 
provisions of paragraph (b) of this sec-
tion, or— 

(1) Holds the applicable pilot certifi-

cates and ratings, except medical cer-
tificate, required to serve as a pilot in 
command in operations under this sub-
part; 

(2) Has satisfactorily completed the 

appropriate training phases for the air-
craft, including recurrent training, 
that are required to serve as a pilot in 
command in operations under this sub-
part; 

(3) Has satisfactorily completed the 

appropriate proficiency or competency 
checks that are required to serve as a 
pilot in command in operations under 
this subpart; 

(4) Has satisfactorily completed the 

applicable training requirements of 
§ 91.1093; and 

(5) Has been approved by the Admin-

istrator for the check pilot (simulator) 
duties involved. 

(d) Completion of the requirements 

in paragraphs (b)(2), (3), and (4) or 
(c)(2), (3), and (4) of this section, as ap-
plicable, must be entered in the indi-
vidual’s training record maintained by 
the program manager. 

(e) A check pilot who does not hold 

an appropriate medical certificate may 
function as a check pilot (simulator), 
but may not serve as a flightcrew 
member in operations under this sub-
part. 

(f) A check pilot (simulator) must ac-

complish the following— 

(1) Fly at least two flight segments 

as a required crewmember for the type, 
class, or category aircraft involved 
within the 12-month period preceding 
the performance of any check pilot 
duty in a flight simulator; or 

(2) Before performing any check pilot 

duty in a flight simulator, satisfac-
torily complete an approved line-obser-
vation program within the period pre-
scribed by that program. 

(g) The flight segments or line-obser-

vation program required in paragraph 
(f) of this section are considered to be 
completed in the month required if 
completed in the month before or the 
month after the month in which they 
are due. 

§ 91.1091

Qualifications: Flight instruc-

tors (aircraft) and flight instructors 
(simulator). 

(a) For the purposes of this section 

and § 91.1095: 

(1) A flight instructor (aircraft) is a 

person who is qualified to instruct in 
an aircraft, in a flight simulator, or in 
a flight training device for a particular 
type, class, or category aircraft. 

(2) A flight instructor (simulator) is a 

person who is qualified to instruct in a 
flight simulator, in a flight training 
device, or in both, for a particular 
type, class, or category aircraft. 

(3) Flight instructors (aircraft) and 

flight instructors (simulator) are those 
instructors who perform the functions 
described in § 91.1073(a)(4) and (c). 

(b) No program manager may use a 

person, nor may any person serve as a 
flight instructor (aircraft) in a training 
program established under this subpart 
unless, with respect to the type, class, 
or category aircraft involved, that per-
son— 

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803 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 91.1093 

(1) Holds the pilot certificates and 

ratings required to serve as a pilot in 
command in operations under this sub-
part or part 121 or 135 of this chapter; 

(2) Has satisfactorily completed the 

training phases for the aircraft, includ-
ing recurrent training, that are re-
quired to serve as a pilot in command 
in operations under this subpart; 

(3) Has satisfactorily completed the 

proficiency or competency checks that 
are required to serve as a pilot in com-
mand in operations under this subpart; 

(4) Has satisfactorily completed the 

applicable training requirements of 
§ 91.1095; and 

(5) Holds at least a Class III medical 

certificate. 

(c) No program manager may use a 

person, nor may any person serve as a 
flight instructor (simulator) in a train-
ing program established under this sub-
part, unless, with respect to the type, 
class, or category aircraft involved, 
that person meets the provisions of 
paragraph (b) of this section, or— 

(1) Holds the pilot certificates and 

ratings, except medical certificate, re-
quired to serve as a pilot in command 
in operations under this subpart or 
part 121 or 135 of this chapter; 

(2) Has satisfactorily completed the 

appropriate training phases for the air-
craft, including recurrent training, 
that are required to serve as a pilot in 
command in operations under this sub-
part; 

(3) Has satisfactorily completed the 

appropriate proficiency or competency 
checks that are required to serve as a 
pilot in command in operations under 
this subpart; and 

(4) Has satisfactorily completed the 

applicable training requirements of 
§ 91.1095. 

(d) Completion of the requirements 

in paragraphs (b)(2), (3), and (4) or 
(c)(2), (3), and (4) of this section, as ap-
plicable, must be entered in the indi-
vidual’s training record maintained by 
the program manager. 

(e) A pilot who does not hold a med-

ical certificate may function as a flight 
instructor in an aircraft if functioning 
as a non-required crewmember, but 
may not serve as a flightcrew member 
in operations under this subpart. 

(f) A flight instructor (simulator) 

must accomplish the following— 

(1) Fly at least two flight segments 

as a required crewmember for the type, 
class, or category aircraft involved 
within the 12-month period preceding 
the performance of any flight instruc-
tor duty in a flight simulator; or 

(2) Satisfactorily complete an ap-

proved line-observation program with-
in the period prescribed by that pro-
gram preceding the performance of any 
flight instructor duty in a flight simu-
lator. 

(g) The flight segments or line-obser-

vation program required in paragraph 
(f) of this section are considered com-
pleted in the month required if com-
pleted in the month before, or in the 
month after, the month in which they 
are due. 

[Doc. No. FAA–2001–10047, 68 FR 54561, Sept. 
17, 2003, as amended by Amdt. 91–322, 76 FR 
31823, June 2, 2011] 

§ 91.1093

Initial and transition train-

ing and checking: Check pilots (air-
craft), check pilots (simulator). 

(a) No program manager may use a 

person nor may any person serve as a 
check pilot unless— 

(1) That person has satisfactorily 

completed initial or transition check 
pilot training; and 

(2) Within the preceding 24 months, 

that person satisfactorily conducts a 
proficiency or competency check under 
the observation of an FAA inspector or 
an aircrew designated examiner em-
ployed by the program manager. The 
observation check may be accom-
plished in part or in full in an aircraft, 
in a flight simulator, or in a flight 
training device. 

(b) The observation check required 

by paragraph (a)(2) of this section is 
considered to have been completed in 
the month required if completed in the 
month before or the month after the 
month in which it is due. 

(c) The initial ground training for 

check pilots must include the fol-
lowing: 

(1) Check pilot duties, functions, and 

responsibilities. 

(2) The applicable provisions of the 

Code of Federal Regulations and the 
program manager’s policies and proce-
dures. 

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