803
Federal Aviation Administration, DOT
§ 91.1093
(1) Holds the pilot certificates and
ratings required to serve as a pilot in
command in operations under this sub-
part or part 121 or 135 of this chapter;
(2) Has satisfactorily completed the
training phases for the aircraft, includ-
ing recurrent training, that are re-
quired to serve as a pilot in command
in operations under this subpart;
(3) Has satisfactorily completed the
proficiency or competency checks that
are required to serve as a pilot in com-
mand in operations under this subpart;
(4) Has satisfactorily completed the
applicable training requirements of
§ 91.1095; and
(5) Holds at least a Class III medical
certificate.
(c) No program manager may use a
person, nor may any person serve as a
flight instructor (simulator) in a train-
ing program established under this sub-
part, unless, with respect to the type,
class, or category aircraft involved,
that person meets the provisions of
paragraph (b) of this section, or—
(1) Holds the pilot certificates and
ratings, except medical certificate, re-
quired to serve as a pilot in command
in operations under this subpart or
part 121 or 135 of this chapter;
(2) Has satisfactorily completed the
appropriate training phases for the air-
craft, including recurrent training,
that are required to serve as a pilot in
command in operations under this sub-
part;
(3) Has satisfactorily completed the
appropriate proficiency or competency
checks that are required to serve as a
pilot in command in operations under
this subpart; and
(4) Has satisfactorily completed the
applicable training requirements of
§ 91.1095.
(d) Completion of the requirements
in paragraphs (b)(2), (3), and (4) or
(c)(2), (3), and (4) of this section, as ap-
plicable, must be entered in the indi-
vidual’s training record maintained by
the program manager.
(e) A pilot who does not hold a med-
ical certificate may function as a flight
instructor in an aircraft if functioning
as a non-required crewmember, but
may not serve as a flightcrew member
in operations under this subpart.
(f) A flight instructor (simulator)
must accomplish the following—
(1) Fly at least two flight segments
as a required crewmember for the type,
class, or category aircraft involved
within the 12-month period preceding
the performance of any flight instruc-
tor duty in a flight simulator; or
(2) Satisfactorily complete an ap-
proved line-observation program with-
in the period prescribed by that pro-
gram preceding the performance of any
flight instructor duty in a flight simu-
lator.
(g) The flight segments or line-obser-
vation program required in paragraph
(f) of this section are considered com-
pleted in the month required if com-
pleted in the month before, or in the
month after, the month in which they
are due.
[Doc. No. FAA–2001–10047, 68 FR 54561, Sept.
17, 2003, as amended by Amdt. 91–322, 76 FR
31823, June 2, 2011]
§ 91.1093
Initial and transition train-
ing and checking: Check pilots (air-
craft), check pilots (simulator).
(a) No program manager may use a
person nor may any person serve as a
check pilot unless—
(1) That person has satisfactorily
completed initial or transition check
pilot training; and
(2) Within the preceding 24 months,
that person satisfactorily conducts a
proficiency or competency check under
the observation of an FAA inspector or
an aircrew designated examiner em-
ployed by the program manager. The
observation check may be accom-
plished in part or in full in an aircraft,
in a flight simulator, or in a flight
training device.
(b) The observation check required
by paragraph (a)(2) of this section is
considered to have been completed in
the month required if completed in the
month before or the month after the
month in which it is due.
(c) The initial ground training for
check pilots must include the fol-
lowing:
(1) Check pilot duties, functions, and
responsibilities.
(2) The applicable provisions of the
Code of Federal Regulations and the
program manager’s policies and proce-
dures.
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14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)
§ 91.1095
(3) The applicable methods, proce-
dures, and techniques for conducting
the required checks.
(4) Proper evaluation of student per-
formance including the detection of—
(i) Improper and insufficient train-
ing; and
(ii) Personal characteristics of an ap-
plicant that could adversely affect
safety.
(5) The corrective action in the case
of unsatisfactory checks.
(6) The approved methods, proce-
dures, and limitations for performing
the required normal, abnormal, and
emergency procedures in the aircraft.
(d) The transition ground training for
a check pilot must include the ap-
proved methods, procedures, and limi-
tations for performing the required
normal, abnormal, and emergency pro-
cedures applicable to the aircraft to
which the check pilot is in transition.
(e) The initial and transition flight
training for a check pilot (aircraft)
must include the following—
(1) The safety measures for emer-
gency situations that are likely to de-
velop during a check;
(2) The potential results of improper,
untimely, or nonexecution of safety
measures during a check;
(3) Training and practice in con-
ducting flight checks from the left and
right pilot seats in the required nor-
mal, abnormal, and emergency proce-
dures to ensure competence to conduct
the pilot flight checks required by this
subpart; and
(4) The safety measures to be taken
from either pilot seat for emergency
situations that are likely to develop
during checking.
(f) The requirements of paragraph (e)
of this section may be accomplished in
full or in part in flight, in a flight sim-
ulator, or in a flight training device, as
appropriate.
(g) The initial and transition flight
training for a check pilot (simulator)
must include the following:
(1) Training and practice in con-
ducting flight checks in the required
normal, abnormal, and emergency pro-
cedures to ensure competence to con-
duct the flight checks required by this
subpart. This training and practice
must be accomplished in a flight simu-
lator or in a flight training device.
(2) Training in the operation of flight
simulators, flight training devices, or
both, to ensure competence to conduct
the flight checks required by this sub-
part.
§ 91.1095
Initial and transition train-
ing and checking: Flight instructors
(aircraft), flight instructors (simu-
lator).
(a) No program manager may use a
person nor may any person serve as a
flight instructor unless—
(1) That person has satisfactorily
completed initial or transition flight
instructor training; and
(2) Within the preceding 24 months,
that person satisfactorily conducts in-
struction under the observation of an
FAA inspector, a program manager
check pilot, or an aircrew designated
examiner employed by the program
manager. The observation check may
be accomplished in part or in full in an
aircraft, in a flight simulator, or in a
flight training device.
(b) The observation check required
by paragraph (a)(2) of this section is
considered to have been completed in
the month required if completed in the
month before, or the month after, the
month in which it is due.
(c) The initial ground training for
flight instructors must include the fol-
lowing:
(1) Flight instructor duties, func-
tions, and responsibilities.
(2) The applicable Code of Federal
Regulations and the program man-
ager’s policies and procedures.
(3) The applicable methods, proce-
dures, and techniques for conducting
flight instruction.
(4) Proper evaluation of student per-
formance including the detection of—
(i) Improper and insufficient train-
ing; and
(ii) Personal characteristics of an ap-
plicant that could adversely affect
safety.
(5) The corrective action in the case
of unsatisfactory training progress.
(6) The approved methods, proce-
dures, and limitations for performing
the required normal, abnormal, and
emergency procedures in the aircraft.
(7) Except for holders of a flight in-
structor certificate—
(i) The fundamental principles of the
teaching-learning process;
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