686 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 91.11 

is equipped with floats or other emer-
gency flotation gear adequate to ac-
complish a safe emergency ditching on 
open water. 

[Docket No. 18334, 54 FR 34292, Aug. 18, 1989, 
as amended by ; Docket No. FAA–2022–1355, 
Amdt. No. 91–366, 87 FR 75846, Dec. 9, 2022] 

§ 91.11

Prohibition on interference 

with crewmembers. 

No person may assault, threaten, in-

timidate, or interfere with a crew-
member in the performance of the 
crewmember’s duties aboard an air-
craft being operated. 

§ 91.13

Careless or reckless operation. 

(a) 

Aircraft operations for the purpose 

of air navigation. No person may oper-
ate an aircraft in a careless or reckless 
manner so as to endanger the life or 
property of another. 

(b) 

Aircraft operations other than for 

the purpose of air navigation. No person 
may operate an aircraft, other than for 
the purpose of air navigation, on any 
part of the surface of an airport used 
by aircraft for air commerce (including 
areas used by those aircraft for receiv-
ing or discharging persons or cargo), in 
a careless or reckless manner so as to 
endanger the life or property of an-
other. 

§ 91.15

Dropping objects. 

No pilot in command of a civil air-

craft may allow any object to be 
dropped from that aircraft in flight 
that creates a hazard to persons or 
property. However, this section does 
not prohibit the dropping of any object 
if reasonable precautions are taken to 
avoid injury or damage to persons or 
property. 

§ 91.17

Alcohol or drugs. 

(a) No person may act or attempt to 

act as a crewmember of a civil air-
craft— 

(1) Within 8 hours after the consump-

tion of any alcoholic beverage; 

(2) While under the influence of alco-

hol; 

(3) While using any drug that affects 

the person’s faculties in any way con-
trary to safety; or 

(4) While having an alcohol con-

centration of 0.04 or greater in a blood 
or breath specimen. Alcohol concentra-

tion means grams of alcohol per deci-
liter of blood or grams of alcohol per 
210 liters of breath. 

(b) Except in an emergency, no pilot 

of a civil aircraft may allow a person 
who appears to be intoxicated or who 
demonstrates by manner or physical 
indications that the individual is under 
the influence of drugs (except a med-
ical patient under proper care) to be 
carried in that aircraft. 

(c) A crewmember shall do the fol-

lowing: 

(1) On request of a law enforcement 

officer, submit to a test to indicate the 
alcohol concentration in the blood or 
breath, when— 

(i) The law enforcement officer is au-

thorized under State or local law to 
conduct the test or to have the test 
conducted; and 

(ii) The law enforcement officer is re-

questing submission to the test to in-
vestigate a suspected violation of State 
or local law governing the same or sub-
stantially similar conduct prohibited 
by paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), or (a)(4) of 
this section. 

(2) Whenever the FAA has a reason-

able basis to believe that a person may 
have violated paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), or 
(a)(4) of this section, on request of the 
FAA, that person must furnish to the 
FAA the results, or authorize any clin-
ic, hospital, or doctor, or other person 
to release to the FAA, the results of 
each test taken within 4 hours after 
acting or attempting to act as a crew-
member that indicates an alcohol con-
centration in the blood or breath speci-
men. 

(d) Whenever the Administrator has a 

reasonable basis to believe that a per-
son may have violated paragraph (a)(3) 
of this section, that person shall, upon 
request by the Administrator, furnish 
the Administrator, or authorize any 
clinic, hospital, doctor, or other person 
to release to the Administrator, the re-
sults of each test taken within 4 hours 
after acting or attempting to act as a 
crewmember that indicates the pres-
ence of any drugs in the body. 

(e) Any test information obtained by 

the Administrator under paragraph (c) 
or (d) of this section may be evaluated 
in determining a person’s qualifica-
tions for any airman certificate or pos-
sible violations of this chapter and 

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