686 

14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition) 

§ 91.11 

is equipped with floats or other emer-
gency flotation gear adequate to ac-
complish a safe emergency ditching on 
open water. 

[Docket No. 18334, 54 FR 34292, Aug. 18, 1989, 
as amended by ; Docket No. FAA–2022–1355, 
Amdt. No. 91–366, 87 FR 75846, Dec. 9, 2022] 

§ 91.11

Prohibition on interference 

with crewmembers. 

No person may assault, threaten, in-

timidate, or interfere with a crew-
member in the performance of the 
crewmember’s duties aboard an air-
craft being operated. 

§ 91.13

Careless or reckless operation. 

(a) 

Aircraft operations for the purpose 

of air navigation. No person may oper-
ate an aircraft in a careless or reckless 
manner so as to endanger the life or 
property of another. 

(b) 

Aircraft operations other than for 

the purpose of air navigation. No person 
may operate an aircraft, other than for 
the purpose of air navigation, on any 
part of the surface of an airport used 
by aircraft for air commerce (including 
areas used by those aircraft for receiv-
ing or discharging persons or cargo), in 
a careless or reckless manner so as to 
endanger the life or property of an-
other. 

§ 91.15

Dropping objects. 

No pilot in command of a civil air-

craft may allow any object to be 
dropped from that aircraft in flight 
that creates a hazard to persons or 
property. However, this section does 
not prohibit the dropping of any object 
if reasonable precautions are taken to 
avoid injury or damage to persons or 
property. 

§ 91.17

Alcohol or drugs. 

(a) No person may act or attempt to 

act as a crewmember of a civil air-
craft— 

(1) Within 8 hours after the consump-

tion of any alcoholic beverage; 

(2) While under the influence of alco-

hol; 

(3) While using any drug that affects 

the person’s faculties in any way con-
trary to safety; or 

(4) While having an alcohol con-

centration of 0.04 or greater in a blood 
or breath specimen. Alcohol concentra-

tion means grams of alcohol per deci-
liter of blood or grams of alcohol per 
210 liters of breath. 

(b) Except in an emergency, no pilot 

of a civil aircraft may allow a person 
who appears to be intoxicated or who 
demonstrates by manner or physical 
indications that the individual is under 
the influence of drugs (except a med-
ical patient under proper care) to be 
carried in that aircraft. 

(c) A crewmember shall do the fol-

lowing: 

(1) On request of a law enforcement 

officer, submit to a test to indicate the 
alcohol concentration in the blood or 
breath, when— 

(i) The law enforcement officer is au-

thorized under State or local law to 
conduct the test or to have the test 
conducted; and 

(ii) The law enforcement officer is re-

questing submission to the test to in-
vestigate a suspected violation of State 
or local law governing the same or sub-
stantially similar conduct prohibited 
by paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), or (a)(4) of 
this section. 

(2) Whenever the FAA has a reason-

able basis to believe that a person may 
have violated paragraph (a)(1), (a)(2), or 
(a)(4) of this section, on request of the 
FAA, that person must furnish to the 
FAA the results, or authorize any clin-
ic, hospital, or doctor, or other person 
to release to the FAA, the results of 
each test taken within 4 hours after 
acting or attempting to act as a crew-
member that indicates an alcohol con-
centration in the blood or breath speci-
men. 

(d) Whenever the Administrator has a 

reasonable basis to believe that a per-
son may have violated paragraph (a)(3) 
of this section, that person shall, upon 
request by the Administrator, furnish 
the Administrator, or authorize any 
clinic, hospital, doctor, or other person 
to release to the Administrator, the re-
sults of each test taken within 4 hours 
after acting or attempting to act as a 
crewmember that indicates the pres-
ence of any drugs in the body. 

(e) Any test information obtained by 

the Administrator under paragraph (c) 
or (d) of this section may be evaluated 
in determining a person’s qualifica-
tions for any airman certificate or pos-
sible violations of this chapter and 

VerDate Sep<11>2014 

14:00 Mar 14, 2024

Jkt 262047

PO 00000

Frm 00696

Fmt 8010

Sfmt 8002

Q:\14\14V2.TXT

PC31

aworley on LAPBH6H6L3 with DISTILLER

687 

Federal Aviation Administration, DOT 

§ 91.23 

may be used as evidence in any legal 
proceeding under section 602, 609, or 901 
of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958. 

[Doc. No. 18334, 54 FR 34292, Aug. 18, 1989, as 
amended by Amdt. 91–291, June 21, 2006] 

§ 91.19

Carriage of narcotic drugs, 

marihuana, and depressant or stim-
ulant drugs or substances. 

(a) Except as provided in paragraph 

(b) of this section, no person may oper-
ate a civil aircraft within the United 
States with knowledge that narcotic 
drugs, marihuana, and depressant or 
stimulant drugs or substances as de-
fined in Federal or State statutes are 
carried in the aircraft. 

(b) Paragraph (a) of this section does 

not apply to any carriage of narcotic 
drugs, marihuana, and depressant or 
stimulant drugs or substances author-
ized by or under any Federal or State 
statute or by any Federal or State 
agency. 

§ 91.21

Portable electronic devices. 

(a) Except as provided in paragraph 

(b) of this section, no person may oper-
ate, nor may any operator or pilot in 
command of an aircraft allow the oper-
ation of, any portable electronic device 
on any of the following U.S.-registered 
civil aircraft: 

(1) Aircraft operated by a holder of 

an air carrier operating certificate or 
an operating certificate; or 

(2) Any other aircraft while it is op-

erated under IFR. 

(b) Paragraph (a) of this section does 

not apply to— 

(1) Portable voice recorders; 
(2) Hearing aids; 
(3) Heart pacemakers; 
(4) Electric shavers; or 
(5) Any other portable electronic de-

vice that the operator of the aircraft 
has determined will not cause inter-
ference with the navigation or commu-
nication system of the aircraft on 
which it is to be used. 

(c) In the case of an aircraft operated 

by a holder of an air carrier operating 
certificate or an operating certificate, 
the determination required by para-
graph (b)(5) of this section shall be 
made by that operator of the aircraft 
on which the particular device is to be 
used. In the case of other aircraft, the 
determination may be made by the 

pilot in command or other operator of 
the aircraft. 

§ 91.23

Truth-in-leasing clause require-

ment in leases and conditional sales 
contracts. 

(a) Except as provided in paragraph 

(b) of this section, the parties to a 
lease or contract of conditional sale in-
volving a U.S.-registered large civil 
aircraft and entered into after January 
2, 1973, shall execute a written lease or 
contract and include therein a written 
truth-in-leasing clause as a concluding 
paragraph in large print, immediately 
preceding the space for the signature of 
the parties, which contains the fol-
lowing with respect to each such air-
craft: 

(1) Identification of the Federal Avia-

tion Regulations under which the air-
craft has been maintained and in-
spected during the 12 months preceding 
the execution of the lease or contract 
of conditional sale, and certification by 
the parties thereto regarding the air-
craft’s status of compliance with appli-
cable maintenance and inspection re-
quirements in this part for the oper-
ation to be conducted under the lease 
or contract of conditional sale. 

(2) The name and address (printed or 

typed) and the signature of the person 
responsible for operational control of 
the aircraft under the lease or contract 
of conditional sale, and certification 
that each person understands that per-
son’s responsibilities for compliance 
with applicable Federal Aviation Regu-
lations. 

(3) A statement that an explanation 

of factors bearing on operational con-
trol and pertinent Federal Aviation 
Regulations can be obtained from the 
responsible Flight Standards office. 

(b) The requirements of paragraph (a) 

of this section do not apply— 

(1) To a lease or contract of condi-

tional sale when— 

(i) The party to whom the aircraft is 

furnished is a foreign air carrier or cer-
tificate holder under part 121, 125, 135, 
or 141 of this chapter, or 

(ii) The party furnishing the aircraft 

is a foreign air carrier or a person oper-
ating under part 121, 125, and 141 of this 
chapter, or a person operating under 

VerDate Sep<11>2014 

14:00 Mar 14, 2024

Jkt 262047

PO 00000

Frm 00697

Fmt 8010

Sfmt 8002

Q:\14\14V2.TXT

PC31

aworley on LAPBH6H6L3 with DISTILLER