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14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–24 Edition)
§ 91.177
(B) The lights or markings of the
threshold;
(C) The runway touchdown zone land-
ing surface; or
(D) The lights or markings of the
touchdown zone.
(4) Compliance Date. Beginning on
March 13, 2018, a person conducting an
EFVS operation to 100 feet above the
touchdown zone elevation must comply
with the requirements of paragraph (b)
of this section.
(c)
Public aircraft certification and
training requirements. A public aircraft
operator, other than the U.S. military,
may conduct an EFVS operation under
paragraph (a) or (b) of this section only
if:
(1) The aircraft meets all of the civil
certification and airworthiness re-
quirements of paragraph (a)(1) or (b)(1)
of this section, as applicable to the
EFVS operation to be conducted; and
(2) The pilot flightcrew member, or
any other person who manipulates the
controls of an aircraft during an EFVS
operation, meets the training, recent
flight experience and refresher training
requirements of § 61.66 of this chapter
applicable to EFVS operations.
(d)
Exception for Experimental Aircraft.
The requirement to use an EFVS that
meets the applicable airworthiness re-
quirements specified in paragraphs
(a)(1)(i), (a)(2)(iii), (b)(1)(i), and
(b)(2)(iii) of this section does not apply
to operations conducted in an aircraft
issued an experimental certificate
under § 21.191 of this chapter for the
purpose of research and development or
showing compliance with regulations,
provided the Administrator has deter-
mined that the operations can be con-
ducted safely in accordance with oper-
ating limitations issued for that pur-
pose.
[Docket FAA–2013–0485, Amdt. 91–345, 81 FR
90172, Dec. 13, 2016; 82 FR 2193, Jan. 9, 2017]
§ 91.177
Minimum altitudes for IFR op-
erations.
(a)
Operation of aircraft at minimum al-
titudes. Except when necessary for
takeoff or landing, or unless otherwise
authorized by the FAA, no person may
operate an aircraft under IFR below—
(1) The applicable minimum altitudes
prescribed in parts 95 and 97 of this
chapter. However, if both a MEA and a
MOCA are prescribed for a particular
route or route segment, a person may
operate an aircraft below the MEA
down to, but not below, the MOCA, pro-
vided the applicable navigation signals
are available. For aircraft using VOR
for navigation, this applies only when
the aircraft is within 22 nautical miles
of that VOR (based on the reasonable
estimate by the pilot operating the air-
craft of that distance); or
(2) If no applicable minimum altitude
is prescribed in parts 95 and 97 of this
chapter, then—
(i) In the case of operations over an
area designated as a mountainous area
in part 95 of this chapter, an altitude of
2,000 feet above the highest obstacle
within a horizontal distance of 4 nau-
tical miles from the course to be flown;
or
(ii) In any other case, an altitude of
1,000 feet above the highest obstacle
within a horizontal distance of 4 nau-
tical miles from the course to be flown.
(b)
Climb. Climb to a higher minimum
IFR altitude shall begin immediately
after passing the point beyond which
that minimum altitude applies, except
that when ground obstructions inter-
vene, the point beyond which that
higher minimum altitude applies shall
be crossed at or above the applicable
MCA.
[Doc. No. 18334, 54 FR 34294, Aug. 18, 1989, as
amended by Amdt. 91–296, 72 FR 31678, June
7, 2007; Amdt. 91–315, 75 FR 30690, June 2, 2010]
§ 91.179
IFR cruising altitude or flight
level.
Unless otherwise authorized by ATC,
the following rules apply—
(a)
In controlled airspace. Each person
operating an aircraft under IFR in
level cruising flight in controlled air-
space shall maintain the altitude or
flight level assigned that aircraft by
ATC. However, if the ATC clearance as-
signs ‘‘VFR conditions on-top,’’ that
person shall maintain an altitude or
flight level as prescribed by § 91.159.
(b)
In uncontrolled airspace. Except
while in a holding pattern of 2 minutes
or less or while turning, each person
operating an aircraft under IFR in
level cruising flight in uncontrolled
airspace shall maintain an appropriate
altitude as follows:
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