background image

AIM

4/20/23

5

4

49

Arrival Procedures

simultaneous SOIA approaches. The offset PRM approach plate displays the required notations for closely
spaced approaches as well as depicts the visual segment of the approach.

3.

Controllers monitor the SOIA PRM approaches in exactly the same manner as is done for other PRM

approaches. The procedures and system requirements for SOIA PRM approaches are identical with those used
for simultaneous close parallel PRM approaches until near the offset PRM approach missed approach point
(MAP), where visual acquisition of the straight

in aircraft by the aircraft conducting the offset PRM approach

occurs. Since SOIA PRM approaches are identical to other PRM approaches (except for the visual segment in
the offset approach), an understanding of the procedures for conducting PRM approaches is essential before
conducting a SOIA PRM operation.

4.

In SOIA, the approach course separation (instead of the runway separation) meets established close

parallel approach criteria. (See FIG 5

4

25 for the generic SOIA approach geometry.) A visual segment of the

offset PRM approach is established between the offset MAP and the runway threshold. Aircraft transition in
visual conditions from the offset course, beginning at the offset MAP, to align with the runway and can be
stabilized by 500 feet above ground level (AGL) on the extended runway centerline. A cloud ceiling for the
approach is established so that the aircraft conducting the offset approach has nominally at least 30 seconds or
more to acquire the leading straight

in aircraft prior to reaching the offset MAP. If visual acquisition is not

accomplished prior to crossing the offset MAP, a missed approach must be executed.

5.

Flight Management System (FMS) coding of the offset RNAV PRM and GLS PRM approaches in a

SOIA operation is different than other RNAV and GLS approach coding in that it does not match the initial missed
approach procedure published on the charted IAP. In the SOIA design of the offset approach, lateral course
guidance terminates at the fictitious threshold point (FTP), which is an extension of the final approach course
beyond the offset MAP to a point near the runway threshold. The FTP is designated in the approach coding as
the MAP so that vertical guidance is available to the pilot to the runway threshold, just as vertical guidance is
provided by the offset LDA glideslope. No matter what type of offset approach is being conducted, reliance on
lateral guidance is discontinued at the charted MAP and replaced by visual maneuvering to accomplish runway
alignment.

(a)

As a result of this approach coding, when executing a missed approach at and after passing the charted

offset MAP, a heading must initially be flown (either hand

flown or using autopilot “heading mode”) before

engaging LNAV. If the pilot engages LNAV immediately, the aircraft may continue to track toward the FTP
instead of commencing a turn toward the missed approach holding fix. Notes on the charted IAP and in the AAUP
make specific reference to this procedure.

(b)

Some FMSs do not code waypoints inside of the FAF as part of the approach. Therefore, the depicted

MAP on the charted IAP may not be included in the offset approach coding. Pilots utilizing those FMSs may
identify the location of the waypoint by noting its distance from the FTP as published on the charted IAP. In those
same FMSs, the straight

in SOIA approach will not display a waypoint inside the PFAF. The same procedures

may be utilized to identify an uncoded waypoint. In this case, the location is determined by noting its distance
from the runway waypoint or using an authorized distance as published on the charted IAP.

(c)

Because the FTP is coded as the MAP, the FMS map display will depict the initial missed approach

course as beginning at the FTP. This depiction does not match the charted initial missed approach procedure on
the IAP. Pilots are reminded that charted IAP guidance is to be followed, not the map display. Once the aircraft
completes the initial turn when commencing a missed approach, the remainder of the procedure coding is
standard and can be utilized as with any other IAP.